PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Stanley Zaslau

Publications and source records attributed to Stanley Zaslau.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Pentosan polysulfate (Elmiron): in vitro effects on prostate cancer cells regarding cell growth and vascular endothelial growth factor production.

BACKGROUND: Elmiron (ALZA Corp, Mountain View, CA) is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved oral therapy for interstitial cystitis. We hypothesized that Elmiron would affect the growth of prostate cancer in vitro. METHODS: Prostate cancer cell lines (LnCaP, PC3, and DU145) were treated with Elmiron. Cell viability was measured by MTT (3-4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), whereas vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Inhibition of cell growth was observed in all cell lines tested. LnCaP exhibited a mean inhibition of 12% +/- 7% at 24 hours (P = .025) and 20% +/- 15% at 72 hours (P < .001). PC3 exhibited a mean inhibition of 26% +/- 13% at 24 hours (P < .001) and 44% +/- 5% at 72 hours (P < .001). DU145 exhibited a mean inhibition of 9% +/- 6% at 24 hours (P < .015) and 30% +/- 5% at 72 hours (P < .001). PC3 cells exhibited a significant reduction in VEGF levels (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The reductions in cell growth and VEGF indicate that Elmiron may act as an antiangiogenic agent and may have application in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed2005

Rhabdomyosarcoma of tunica vaginalis masquerading as hydrocele.

Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcomas are rare tumors with aggressive growth patterns. Multimodal therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy provides the patient with an excellent long-term prognosis. These tumors often present in the first two decades after birth. We report on the case of an 18-year-old man with a paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Periprostatic pheochromocytoma.

In adults, 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal. Most extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas occur in the organ of Zuckerkandl. Occasionally, pheochromocytomas can arise from paraganglion chromaffin cells in other locations. We present the case of a 63-year-old hypertensive man with a periprostatic pheochromocytoma. Our patient underwent surgical extirpation of the pheochromocytoma, while sparing the prostate from resection. His blood pressure has remained well controlled postoperatively without the addition of antihypertensive medications.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney.

Primary renal synovial sarcomas (SS) are rare tumors of the kidney. Faria first described primary renal synovial sarcoma in 1999. Twenty-one cases of primary renal synovial sarcoma have been reported to date. Primary renal synovial sarcomas can exist in either a monophasic or a biphasic pattern. The monophasic variant of primary renal synovial sarcoma is more common and tends to have a better prognosis than the biphasic variant. We present the case of a 61 year-old woman with a monophasic variant of primary renal synovial sarcoma.

Female↗
PubMed2004

In vitro effects of pentosan polysulfate against malignant breast cells.

BACKGROUND: Pentosan polysulfate (Elmiron); (Alza Pharmaceuticals, Mountain View, CA) is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved oral therapy for interstitial cystitis (IC). Women with IC and breast cancer are often in the same age range; therefore, we hypothesize that pentosan polysulfate may also have a therapeutic effect on breast cancer cells in vitro. METHODS: Breast cancer lines MCF-7, ZR75-1, and HTB26 were treated with pentosan polysulfate at various concentrations. Cell viability was measured at 24 hours by MTT. Annexin V assay was used to determine the effect of pentosan polysulfate on apoptotic and necrotic activity. RESULTS: Pentosan polysulfate significantly inhibited the growth of the ZR75-1 cells; however, significant cellular proliferation was observed in the MCF-7 cells. A significant change in late apoptotic activity was observed with pentosan polysulfate treatment in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Caution should be used in prescribing pentosan polysulfate for the treatment of IC in patients who are both in high-risk groups for breast cancer and premenopausal females.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Synergistic effects of Cox-1 and -2 inhibition on bladder and prostate cancer in vitro.

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that combined treatment with cyclooxygenase (Cox)-1 (catechin) and Cox-2 (NS398)-specific inhibitors would reduce cellular proliferation synergistically in genitourinary cancer. METHODS: Bladder (T24 and TCCSUP) and prostate (DU145, LnCaP, and PC3) cancer cell lines were treated with catechin and NS398 at a dose of 100 mumol/L as single and combined treatments. Viability was measured by MTT assay at 24 and 72 hours. RESULTS: Significant synergism of Cox-1 and Cox-2 inhibitors was observed in both bladder cancer lines at both 24 and 72 hours. Synergism of Cox-1 and -2 inhibitors also was noted in the DU145 cells at 72 hours, LnCap cells at 24 hours, and PC3 at both 24 and 72 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Significant synergistic effects exhibited by the combination of Cox-1 and Cox-2 inhibitors suggest that these could become a highly effective treatment modality for carcinoma of both the bladder and prostate.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contemporary management of renal trauma.

The genitourinary tract is frequently involved in various types of trauma to the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Genitourinary trauma is typically divided into upper tract trauma and lower tract trauma. Upper tract trauma involves injury to kidney and ureter while lower tract trauma typically involves bladder or urethral injury. This review will focus on current trends in the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of renal trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genitourinary applications of sacral neuromodulation.

Sacral neuromodulation provides a new option for the management of voiding dysfunction. For patients with intractable urge-incontinence, interstitial cystitis and non-obstructive urinary retention, this procedure has resulted in significant improvement in urinary frequency, voided volume and pelvic pain. We provide a review of the current literature on sacral neuromodulation and the West Virginia University experience with this procedure.

Electric Stimulation Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Loin pain hematuria syndrome: case series.

Loin pain hematuria syndrome (LPHS) is a rare condition manifested by flank pain, hematuria, and occasional low-grade fevers. Usually there are no physical findings other than hematuria. Although numerous etiological theories exist, the pathophysiology of LPHS is unknown and diagnosis remains one of exclusion. Renal autotransplantation has been suggested as an effective procedure to control the severe and debilitating pain. However, pain often recurs in the long term. This paper reviews our experiences with the diagnosis and management of this condition.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral testicular microlithiasis with a unilateral testicular germ cell tumor: a case report.

There is an important association between testicular microlithiasis and germ cell tumors. Ultrasound findings of 1-3 mm echogenic foci within the testicular parenchyma may be noted. Testicular microlithiasis in the general population without germ cell tumors or cryptorchidism has been estimated between 0.05 and 0.6%. However, findings of microlithiasis in concordance with germ cell tumors can be as high as 40%. We present the case report of a man with bilateral testicular microlithiasis and a unilateral germ cell tumor. Discussion of the relationship between these two conditions is also reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strangulation injuries of the glans penis: a case series.

Penile strangulation is a devastating injury with a spectrum of causes and possible outcomes. Causes can be intentional or unintentional. Objects such as ball bearings, rings, condoms, and rubberbands have caused this condition, as have hair and plastibell rings. This article describes the cases of five patients with strangulation injuries of the penis. For each case, the cause of strangulation, the treatment and the outcome are presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emphysematous cystitis: a case report and literature review.

Emphysematous cystitis (EC), a rare form of cystitis, is often an incidental radiological finding but it can be associated with diffuse abdominal or suprapubic pain. The clinical course can vary from asymptomatic infection to fulminant sepsis. We present the case of a 79-year-old woman with diffuse abdominal pain, back pain accompanied with low-grade fevers, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and emesis who was ultimately found to have emphysematous cystitis. A review of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment options follows.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening for erectile dysfunction in the primary care practice: results of a survey.

To evaluate the screening patterns of primary care physicians (PCP) with regards to erectile dysfunction, a study was performed using an Institution Review Board Approved SHIM (Sexual Health Inventory for Men) questionnaire of 131 male patients presenting to the Family Practice Clinic at West Virginia University School of Medicine in Morgantown. A total of 109 surveys were completed and the data were compiled and analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS version 10.0 software. Of these patients, over 92% were Caucasian. The average age bracket for the study population was 40-50, and the average number of risk factors for ED, not including age, was 1.65. Forty-one percent of patients had a SHIM score less than or equal to 21, indicative of an element of ED. A total of 84% had primary care physicians, 22% of patients with a PCP were screened for ED. Of those who were screened by their PCP over half were initiated by the patient. As a result of this study, we believe the SHIM instrument should be performed on patients with any identifiable risk factor since effective treatment of ED is available, and ED can be associated with occult cardiac disease.

Adult↗