Stephan L Kamholz | PubMed Health

PubMed2006

Pulmonary and cardiovascular consequences of smoking.

The extensive worldwide disease burden attributable to tobacco smoking is reviewed, with particular attention to the epidemiologic and clinical aspects, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and pathophysiology of a variety of smoking-related pulmonary diseases, and the epidemiology and clinical presentation of smoking-related atherosclerotic disease as it affects the cardiovascular system cerebral circulation, the aorta, and the peripheral arterial tree.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗

PubMed2005

Ventilator strategy for status asthmaticus in pregnancy: a case-based review.

Asthma is a common and potentially serious condition complicating pregnancy. However, the literature available on the management of severe asthma in pregnancy is limited. We describe two episodes of respiratory failure due to asthma in pregnant women and discuss their management in the context of a review of the literature. In both patients, adequate oxygenation was maintained by using controlled hypoventilation with a permissive hypercapnia strategy. Both patients received aggressive steroid therapy, aerosolized bronchodilators, sedation, and paralysis. Aggressive asthma treatment as in a nongravid female is recommended.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Pulmonary and cardiovascular consequences of smoking.

The extensive worldwide disease burden attributable to tobacco smoking is reviewed, with particular attention to the epidemiologic and clinical aspects, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and pathophysiology of a variety of smoking-related pulmonary diseases, and the epidemiology and clinical presentation of smoking-related atherosclerotic disease as it affects the cardiovascular system cerebral circulation, the aorta, and the peripheral arterial tree.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2002

Drug resistant tuberculosis.

The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a serious worldwide threat to the health of mankind. Approximately 2 billion persons are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 8.8 million new cases of tuberculosis occur annually, with over 50,000 attributable deaths each week! Drug resistance is either acquired with the initial infection (from a host harboring resistant tubercle bacilli) or develops during treatment with antituberculous chemotherapeutic agents because of poor patient compliance or inadequate/inappropriate treatment regimens. The epidemiology of tuberculosis and drug resistance is reviewed; the likelihood of the development of resistance and the molecular mechanisms of resistance to each drug are also discussed. Principles of prevention of nosocomial transmission, use of involuntary detention, and drug treatment approaches for MDR-TB are discussed, and the potential roles of surgery and novel therapies (phenothiazines, suicide genes) are presented.

Antitubercular Agents↗