What is your diagnosis? Canine herpesvirus infection.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Stephanie C Essman
Publications and source records attributed to Stephanie C Essman.
What is your diagnosis? Interstitial disease with alveolar infiltration.
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Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
Contrast cystography.
Cystography is a radiographic study performed to aid in evaluation of the urinary bladder for extramural, mural, or intraluminal lesions. These lesions may primarily involve the urinary bladder or may be an extension of disease from adjacent organs. Cystography is easy to perform with relatively few complications. Different types of cystography (positive versus negative contrast) may be used depending on the type of information that the clinician hopes to obtain. Although a valuable technique, it is important to correlate the findings on cystography with other clinical information to arrive at the final diagnosis.
Animals↗
Intraorgan biodistribution and dosimetry of 153Sm-ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate in juvenile rabbit tibia: implications for targeted radiotherapy of osteosarcoma.
UNLABELLED: Targeted radiotherapy using 153Sm-ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate (153Sm-EDTMP) is currently under investigation for treatment of primary osteosarcoma. Human osteosarcoma most frequently occurs in skeletally immature individuals, and previous studies in a juvenile rabbit model demonstrated that clinically significant damage to developing physeal cartilage might occur as a result of systemic 153Sm-EDTMP therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of 153Sm-EDTMP within the tibias of juvenile rabbits and estimate the radiation-absorbed doses delivered to the physeal cartilage. METHODS: Eight-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were injected intravenously with 7.57 kBq (280 microCi) of 153Sm-EDTMP. At 21 h after injection, the biodistribution of 153Sm in the epiphysis, metaphysis, diaphysis, and red marrow of the tibia was obtained. Two-dimensional digital autoradiography was performed on 2-mm sections of tibias for qualitative comparison with the biodistribution data. Self-tissue and cross-tissue absorbed doses were calculated using absorbed fractions generated by the Monte Carlo particle transport code MCNP-4C. RESULTS: The highest uptakes (percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g] of tissue) of 153Sm, 1.99-2.56 %ID/g, were found in the proximal and distal metaphyses, 70%-73% of which localized within 3 mm of the physeal cartilage. The second highest tissues of uptake were the proximal and distal epiphyses, at 0.33-0.62%ID/g. Digital autoradiography imaging confirmed that the majority of 153Sm deposited in the tibia localized to these tissues. Radiation-absorbed doses to the proximal and distal metaphyses were 183 and 130 mGy/MBq, respectively, and those to the proximal and distal epiphyses were 141 and 43.4 mGy/MBq, respectively. These tissues represented the only source compartments contributing to the physeal cartilage doses of 50.0 mGy/MBq for the proximal physis and 39.2 mGy/MBq for the distal physis. CONCLUSION: The 153Sm absorbed doses to the physeal cartilage were consistent with values that can cause dose-limiting damage to rapidly proliferating and differentiating chondrocytes. The pronounced uptake in the juvenile epiphysis indicates that the proliferating zone of the physis can be irradiated from multiple areas, which could increase the expression and degree of radiation damage. Further investigation of the effects of 153Sm-EDTMP on immature physeal cartilage is warranted to develop optimized treatment regimens.
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗
Surgical treatment of noncommunicating duplication of the colon in a dog.
A 4-month-old sexually intact male Jack Russell Terrier was evaluated because of stranguria and tenesmus. A tubular abdominal mass was palpable abdominally and rectally. Radiographic examination of the abdomen revealed a soft tissue mass located laterally and to the left of the descending colon, which was associated with extraluminal colonic obstruction and urethral compression. During abdominal exploratory surgery, a large cystic mass that was adhered to the antimesenteric border of the descending colon was removed. Porcine small intestinal submucosa was used to reinforce repair of the excision site. Histologic examination of samples of excised tissue identified normal colonic epithelium supported by submucosa and muscular tunics, which was consistent with duplication of the colon. The embryologic etiology of alimentary duplication is poorly understood, and colonic duplication is an extremely rare congenital anomaly.
Animals↗
Effects of 153Sm-ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate on physeal and articular cartilage in juvenile rabbits.
UNLABELLED: Previous studies reported that the radiopharmaceutical (153)Sm-ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate ((153)Sm-EDTMP) is an effective component of multimodality therapy for the treatment of primary bone tumors. Therefore, (153)Sm-EDTMP may prove to be an integral component of therapy for the treatment of juvenile osteosarcoma. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of intravenous administration of (153)Sm-EDTMP on the developing physeal and articular cartilage of healthy, juvenile rabbits. METHODS: Sixteen healthy 8-wk-old male New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to 1 of 2 groups: treatment (n = 12) and control (n = 4). (153)Sm-EDTMP was administered to the treatment group at 37 MBq/kg (1 mCi/kg). The animals were sacrificed at 16 wk of age, and the physeal cartilage of multiple bones was evaluated by use of histologic, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometric analyses. The overall changes in the lengths of the radius and the tibia between control and treatment groups were calculated and compared. Measurement data were combined for each group, and means +/- SEMs were determined. RESULTS: Significant differences in radial bone growth were present between the groups. Histologically, the physes of the treatment group were disrupted and chaotic in appearance. Significant differences in the immunoreactivity of type X collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-13 were seen between the groups, as these markers were positively expressed in the zone of hypertrophy of the control rabbits. CONCLUSION: Clinically significant damage to the developing physeal cartilage may occur as a result of the intravenous administration of (153)Sm-EDTMP at the dose studied.
Animals↗
An intrathoracic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a dog.
A 7-year-old, neutered male Labrador Retriever presented for a persistent, productive cough and regurgitation. Radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography confirmed a large, smoothly marginated intrathoracic mass causing tracheal compression. The mass was removed via a thoracotomy, and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, most likely originating from the ventral spinal nerve roots, was confirmed using immunohistochemistry.
Animals↗
Radiographic features of Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy.
Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy is an inherited, degenerative myopathy due to the absence of dystrophin and is used as a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy of young boys. This report describes the radiographic abnormalities of Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy in 26 dogs. The thoracic abnormalities included diaphragmatic asymmetry (18/26), diaphragmatic undulation (18/26), and gastro-esophageal hiatal hernia (6/26). Pelvic abnormalities included narrowing of the body of the ilia (14/19), ventral deviation and curvature of the tuber ischii (14/19), elongation of the obturator foramen with a decrease in opacity of the surrounding bone (12/19), and lateral flaring of the wings of the ilia (12/19). Abdominal abnormalities consisted of hepatomegaly (14/22) and poor serosal detail (12/22). The unique thoracic abnormalities were a consistent finding in affected Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy dogs. The diagnosis of muscular dystrophy should be included in the differential list if the combination of diaphragm undulation and asymmetry, and gastro-esophageal hiatal hernia are identified. These diaphragmatic abnormalities are related to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the diaphragm. Additionally, the skeletal changes of pelvic tilt, elongation of the pelvis, widening of the obturator foramina and thinning of the ischiatic tables appear to be specific to Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy in dogs. These pelvic abnormalities are most likely secondary to bone remodeling associated with the progressive skeletal myopathy and subsequent contracture/fibrosis.
Animals↗