Biomedical subjects

Stephen R Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to Stephen R Schmidt.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Autobiographical memories for the September 11th attacks: reconstructive errors and emotional impairment of memory.

College students were asked about their personal memories from September 11, 2001. Consistency in reported features over a 2-month period increased as the delay between the initial test and 9/11 increased. Central features (e.g., Where were you?) were reported with greater consistency than were peripheral features (What were you wearing?) but also contained a larger proportion of reconstructive errors. In addition, highly emotional participants demonstrated poor prospective memory and relatively inconsistent memory for peripheral details, when compared with less emotional participants. Highly emotional participants were also more likely to increase the specificity of their responses over time but did not exhibit greater consistency for central details than did less emotional participants. The results demonstrated reconstructive processes in the memory for a highly consequential and emotional event and emotional impairment of memory processing of incidental details.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Outstanding memories: the positive and negative effects of nudes on memory.

A picture of a nude isolated in a series of pictures of clothed models was quite memorable, but when compared with a clothed picture, the nude impaired memory for background picture derails as well as pictures immediately following the nude (anterograde amnesia). Recall of details given picture-gist recall, as well as recognition of person details, were equivalent in the clothed and nude conditions. A clothed picture isolated in a series of nudes did not hurt memory for background information, nor did it produce anterograde amnesia. Apparently, distinctiveness supports good memory for the gist of the nude or clothed pictures. However, distinctiveness is not responsible for the anterograde amnesia and poor memory for background details found with nudes.

Affect↗

PubMed2002

The humour effect: differential processing and privileged retrieval.

The effects of humour on memory and heart rate were explored as a function of experimental design. In within-subject manipulations, original humorous cartoons were better remembered than the literal translations and weird cartoons, whereas literal and weird cartoons were equally well remembered. Good recall of humorous cartoons occurred at the expense of recall of non-humorous cartoons. Secondary heart-rate deceleration was larger in response to original cartoons than to literal and weird cartoons. Neither the memory nor the heart-rate effects were found in between-subjects comparisons. The results were consistent with differential processing resulting from within-list contrasts. However, retrieval processes also favoured good recall of humorous material.

Heart Rate↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Risk/science-based approach to validation: a win-win-win for patients, regulators, and industry.

Regulatory compliance is often perceived to be in conflict with business success and profitability. In many cases this perception cascades down through the ranks, resulting in meeting only the letter of the law of the regulations without satisfying their intent. This in turn generates further problems that can ultimately lead to non-compliance and/or product failure with a negative impact on the patient, both in health risks and high costs of medication. In the end the conflict between regulatory and business generates risk for every facet of the health care system: patients, regulatory, and industry. This paper proposes a risk/science-based strategy for "validation" using design of experiments that will be viewed as a victory for all--patients, regulators, and industry--a win-win-win. This strategy offers vital assurance that regulatory will see no degradation of previous expectations, while affording business leaders a high level of confidence that compliance can also reduce waste within the business and therefore positively affect the bottom line. Science-based validation supports new FDA views outlined in a new Draft Guidance for Industry, PAT - A Framework for Innovative Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Quality Assurance, published August 2003. Patients can ultimately expect benefits in improved quality and lower cost. In short, the three-fold goals of this strategy are to achieve compliance to regulations, combined with return on investment (ROI) to industry, and lower health risks and costs to the patient.

Drug Industry↗