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Steven J Peters

Publications and source records attributed to Steven J Peters.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Polycyclooctatetraeneoxy alkane polyanionic polyradicals.

The room temperature potassium reduction of 1,2,3-triscyclooctatetraeneoxypropane, in hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), yields an anion radical, which disproportionates so strongly to the dianion diradical that the anion radical cannot be observed via EPR. The dianion diradical has one unpaired electron in a primary and one in a secondary ring system, and it can be readily reduced to the corresponding trianion triradical. An analogous reduction of 1,2,3,4-tetrakiscyclooctatetraeneoxybutane does produce an observable anion radical, but it also is readily reduced to the system corresponding to one electron per eight-membered ring (the tetraanion tetraradical). These results and those obtained from systems containing two cyclooctatetraene (COT) moieties are explained in terms of the geometry changes COT undergoes upon one-electron reduction, the interactions between reduced and adjacent unreduced ring systems, and the electron- electron repulsion present in the polyanion polyradicals.

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Single-electron entrapment of [8]annulyne, biannulenylenes, and an annulenoannulene.

The low-temperature (-100 degrees C) dehydrohalogenation of bromocyclooctatetraene followed by immediate electron-transfer yields a stable solution of the [8]annulyne anion radical. If the unstable [8]annulyne is reacted with itself, cyclobutadiene, or benzyne, the respective bi-[8]annulenylene, [6]annuleno[8]annulene, or [6]-[8]annulenylene can be trapped as their anion radicals via one-electron transfer. These condensation products were all obtained from simple [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions. B3LYP/6-31G geometry optimizations were carried out, and the calculated spin densities were compared to the EPR spectral results obtained for the anion radicals of [6]annuleno[8]annulene, [8]annulyne, bi[8]annulenylene, and [6]-[8]annulenylene, and excellent agreement has been realized. This simple "one-pot" approach should be applicable to a wide range of such systems.

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The cyclooctatriene-eta2-ynyl potassium zwitterionic radical: evidence for a potassium organometallic.

Low-temperature (-120 degrees C) dehydrohalogenation of bromocyclooctatetraene (BrC8H7) with either sodium or potassium tert-butoxide followed by alkali metal reduction was used to generate the anion radical of [8]annulyne (C8H6*-) in tetrahydrofuran. EPR analysis at -120 degrees C reveals an extraordinarily large metal splitting when K or Cs (aK of 0.214 G and aCs of 3.26 G) serves as the reducing agent. The large aM is due to the metal cation interacting with the p-orbitals, within the alkyne moiety, that are in the plane of the ring system. The ionic radius of K+ is 1.33 A, which is larger than the B3LYP predicted distance between carbons 1 and 2 (1.23 A). However, the ionic radius of Na+ is only 0.95 A, and it is too small to simultaneously interact with both p-orbitals. Hence, no aM is observed when Na (ordinarily aNa > aK) or Li serves as the reducing agent. After the addition of 18-crown-6 to either the K or the Cs reduced system, two anion radicals are present. One is the system where the 18-crown-6 encapsulated metal complex is normally ion paired over the face of the ring system and aM = 0. The other is the cyclooctatriene-eta2-ynyl 18-crown-6 encapsulated metal zwitterion radical exhibiting a large aM. The ion pair to organometallic equilibrium constant is 1.6 +/- 0.1 and 3.5 +/- 0.1 for the K and Cs systems, respectively.

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Interannular communication in the radical anions of bis-cyclooctatetraene systems.

[reaction: see text] The room-temperature potassium reduction of 1,2-bis-cyclooctatetraeneoxypropane yields two different regio-spin isomer anion radicals in equilibrium (COT-O-C(Me)HCH(2)CH(2)-O-COT(*)(-) = (*)(-)COT-O-C(Me)HCH(2)CH(2)-O-COT) that is shifted far to the right. The presence of the unreduced ring perturbs the spin density on the reduced ring. Addition of more electrons generates the diradical dianion ((*)(-)COT-O-C(Me)HCH(2)CH(2)-O-COT(*)(-)), and the anion radical on the secondary side splits the degeneracy of the psuedo-ortho protons of the anion radical on the primary side.

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