Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Steven L Baumann.
The treatment of older adults by nurses requires professional knowledge, skills, and attitudes which are carefully thought out and put into practice in organizations and societies that do not always respect the perspectives and priorities of older adults. McCormack's person-centered nursing with older adults approach seeks to help nurses deal with this bind. His approach, as critiqued by Landers and McCarthy, is discussed here.
The author discusses the importance and some of the challenges of conducting qualitative family nursing research in a way that honors the meaning potential of the family. Examples of studies of low income families, families with children with special circumstances, and families with members with cancer are discussed. The use of the arts and humanities to explore the meaning potential of families is also discussed.
Changes in nursing in Hong Kong over the past decade have had more to do with the changes in the world and the region's economy and population than the changes instituted by the Republic of China. Hong Kong's nearly 7 million people's health is, like in other places, threatened by a shortage of skilled and experienced nurses. Hong Kong's three major university-based nursing programs, if they can work together creatively, have the potential to avert a decline in quality of healthcare in Hong Kong and advance nursing at the same time.
Becoming an expert practice nurse should be the goal of all nurses and those planning for such a career. But the meaning of what an expert nurse in clinical practice is, is not as easy to define or evaluate, as it is in nursing education or nursing research. The Royal College of Nursing's Expertise in Practice Project has studied nursing throughout the United Kingdom and has made a considerable contribution by re-defining expert nursing practice. This column explicates that contribution.
The current discussion on the nursing shortage needs to focus as much on nursing job satisfaction and retention as on nursing recruitment and education. Selected aspects of the motivational psychology of Abraham Maslow, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, and Frederick Hertzberg are here discussed in light of the challenges-opportunities of nursing in Turkey and elsewhere. Also discussed is an innovative program to support the application of nursing theory and professional development in Toronto, Canada.
Survey research was conducted with the aim of better understanding nurses' perceptions of organizational factors which relate to their job satisfaction and motivation in Turkey. Nurses (N = 290) who were employed at a training and research hospital, part of the Turkish Republic Ministry of Health, were included. The questionnaire used was developed for this study based on Hackman and Oldman's job enrichment theory. The results showed that only one third of the nurse leaders and one in five of the staff nurses reported being satisfied with their job. The participants saw the five core job dimensions of Hackman and Oldman's work design model: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback as important for nurses. Nursing was described by the participants as hard and challenging, but they also found it meaningful and said that it gave them the opportunity to use their skills and abilities.
Mrs. R and others like her are having prophylactic surgery to prevent breast cancer based primarily on their family history, personal history, and environmental risks. Although the clinical application of genetics medical research is in its infancy, its relevance to breast cancer already is making significant I advances toward more accurate prognosis and treatment options for women and their families. Illness and death from breast cancer continue to limit human existence, whereas new information and medical treatments increase the complexity of healthcare decisions and family life. Rolland and Williams' (2005) FSGI Model helps nurses and advanced practice nurses understand how illnesses such as breast cancer likely will affect patients' lives and families, well before any biologic markers are detectable. Considering the complexity of medical information that currently is available and the risks involved in genetic testing for breast cancer, the best recommendation at this time for people with a family history of breast cancer is to see a genetics counselor. Nurses can help individuals and families prepare for counselors by giving them a list of helpful questions and recommending that they bring a trusted family member or confidant to the meeting. For women who decide to have prophylactic breast surgery, nurses play a significant role in helping them prepare for the emotional and physiologic ramifications. The FSGI Model anticipates the time when families will have an overall genetic risk profile, which can guide them in their prevention efforts and truly give them informed consent.
The purpose of this descriptive exploratory study was to explore the meaning of being a sibling using Parse's human becoming perspective. Twelve children between 5 and 15 years of age with a younger sibling with a cleft lip and palate or Down Syndrome participated. Through semi-structured interviews and the use of art, children talked about their experiences. Major themes portrayed the complex and paradoxical nature of being a sibling. The themes also revealed that having a sibling with special circumstances includes some unique opportunities and challenges. The finding of this study is the descriptive statement, being a sibling is an arduous charge to champion close others amid restricting-enhancing commitments while new endeavors give rise to new possibilities. Implications for nursing are discussed in the context of understanding being a sibling.
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Nurses in the field of addictions and substance abuse have assumed, along with most of medicine, that alcohol abuse is a multifactoral health problem. The narratives of two college student's comments about their experiences of excessive drinking are considered from the human becoming theory as an alternative perspective to the causal theories which are dominant in the addictions and substance abuse fields. These issues are also considered from a human becoming perspective.
Nurses and other health professionals are in a privileged position in that they are called to be with people and their families at some of the most important moments in persons' lives. In order to better prepare nurses for this awesome and challenging responsibility, a session of the 11th International Human Becoming Conference held in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada, on November 6, 2004, reflected on famous quotations on Being and related Being to nursing practice. The human becoming school of thought is unique in its willingness to face the important but difficult question, what is Being?
The challenges and opportunities for nurses who work with people from diverse backgrounds are considered. The task for a nurse from the dominant culture working with persons from minority cultures requires patience, sensitivity, humility, and imagination, but it can be well worth the effort for all involved.
The aging of the world's population is a global issue of considerable importance to everyone, particularly nursing. Traditional developmental theories and the medical model have either neglected later life or highlighted the losses and deficits associated with advanced age, while more recent research on aging and the human becoming theory has provided a more balanced view. In this column, information from health and social sciences, the human becoming school of thought, and international political debates about aging are interwoven. Some attention is also given to the issues of the retirement and aging of the nurses.
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From a human becoming perspective, hope is considered to be a universal lived experience, which arises and fades in the human-universe process. This article is a comparison of six Parse research method studies on the lived experience of hope from five countries: Japan, Taiwan, Sweden, Finland, and the United States. The goal was to explore the similarities and differences in the findings of a nine-country study on hope. While the structure of the experience of hope was similar, some differences are discussed that enhance nursing practice and guide further study.
This article compares three views of spirituality with specific consideration for persons who live with cancer. These views represent theological, psychological, and nursing perspectives. Three dimensions of theologically inspired spirituality are discussed: institutional religious approaches, intellectual questioning, and mystical experiences. The authors review numerous psychological perspectives on the topic of spirituality, particularly from the analytic, humanistic, and existential schools of thought. A human becoming nursing theory perspective is also offered. The authors, who were friends, one a nurse and the other a person with cancer, suggest that nurses, who are able to offer true presence from a place of hope and fulfilled-emptiness, bear witness to persons in a way that can help them transfigure the experience of living with cancer.
This Parse method phenomenological-hermeneutic study centered on the phenomenon of feeling very tired. It was part of a multisite study on feeling very tired using the human becoming theory and the Parse research method. The purpose of the study was to explore the meaning of feeling very tired as described by a group of high school girls. The finding, which is the structure of the lived experience of feeling very tired, surfaced from the dialogues: Feeling very tired is struggling with being attentively present as calming contentment emerges amid discomforting discordance. The conclusion of the study is that feeling very tired is a complex paradoxical rhythm.
Human science-based research, as defined by Dilthey and later developed by Gadamer, provides a valuable way to uncover what human beings have shared without denying important differences. It assumes that people are self-interpreting beings who seek meaning and purpose in the concrete situations of their lives. Gadamer's hermeneutic method is offered as an approach to do international and cross-cultural studies of relevance to nursing and healthcare. Three examples of human science-based nursing studies, which provide global understanding, are discussed.