Biomedical subjects

Steven P Broglio

Publications and source records attributed to Steven P Broglio.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Balance performance with a cognitive task: a dual-task testing paradigm.

PURPOSE: Athletic performance demands simultaneous use of cognitive and postural control capabilities. Decrements to both systems have been observed following concussion. This study evaluated a dual-task methodology to establish the tenability of using this testing model in concussed athletes. METHODS: Nonconcussed subjects were assessed over 2 d. Subjects were introduced to the task-switching cognitive assessment test and a NeuroCom Smart Balance Master postural control assessment protocol on day 1. In the following session, subjects were evaluated on postural control and cognitive function tests independently (single task), and then concurrently (dual task). RESULTS: Significant improvements were seen in three of the four balance conditions and in three of the four reaction times when the cognitive and balance task were performed simultaneously (P<0.05). No significant balance by cognitive task interaction was revealed (P>0.05); however, significant differences existed in reaction time based on stimulus position and increasing balance demands (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Combining the cognitive and balance assessments resulted in healthy subjects showing improved performance when compared with individual task performance. The dual-task methodology brought about systematic changes to reaction time in relation to increasing balance demands. The ability of this protocol to detect changes in postural control or cognitive function following concussive injury requires further study.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Dose-dependent effect of caffeine on reducing leg muscle pain during cycling exercise is unrelated to systolic blood pressure.

This double-blind, within-subjects experiment examined the effects of ingesting two doses of caffeine on perceptions of leg muscle pain and blood pressure during moderate intensity cycling exercise. Low caffeine consuming college-aged males (N=12) ingested one of two doses of caffeine (5 or 10 mg.kg(-1) body weight) or placebo and 1 h later completed 30 min of moderate intensity cycling exercise (60% VO2peak). The order of drug administration was counter-balanced. Resting blood pressure and heart rate were recorded immediately before and 1 h after drug administration. Perceptions of leg muscle pain as well as work rate, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen uptake (VO2) were recorded during exercise. Caffeine increased resting systolic pressure in a dose-dependent fashion but these blood pressure effects were not maintained during exercise. Caffeine had a significant linear effect on leg muscle pain ratings [F(2,22)=14.06; P < 0.0001; eta2=0.56 ]. The mean (+/-SD) pain intensity scores during exercise after ingesting 10 mg.kg(-1) body weight caffeine, 5 mg.kg(-1) body weight caffeine, and placebo were 2.1+/-1.4, 2.6+/-1.5, and 3.5+/-1.7, respectively. The results support the conclusion that caffeine ingestion has a dose-response effect on reducing leg muscle pain during exercise and that these effects do not depend on caffeine-induced increases in systolic blood pressure during exercise.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

No evidence of impaired neurocognitive performance in collegiate soccer players.

A high incidence of cerebral concussion has been reported among soccer players. We studied whether long-term or chronic neuropsychological dysfunction was present in collegiate soccer players. Two hundred forty subjects from a National Collegiate Athletic Association division I institution were stratified into three groups: soccer athletes (91), nonsoccer athletes (96 women's field hockey, women's lacrosse, and baseball players), and controls (53 college students). Subjects completed a concussion history questionnaire and underwent preseason baseline neuropsychological testing before the start of either the freshman or sophomore year. Data were collected on the results of six neuropsychological tests and from a concussion history questionnaire for number of previous concussions, Scholastic Aptitude Test results, and exposure to soccer and heading. Despite an average of 15.3 seasons of soccer exposure and a higher prevalence of previous concussions, the soccer athletes did not demonstrate impaired neurocognitive function or scholastic aptitude when compared with the nonsoccer athletes or the student nonathletes. Additionally, there was no significant relationship between a history of soccer-related concussion and either neurocognitive performance or scholastic aptitude. Neither participation in soccer nor a history of soccer-related concussions was associated with impaired performance of neurocognitive function in high-level United States soccer players.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Exertional heat illness and environmental conditions during a single football season in the southeast.

CONTEXT: Recommendations for heat illness prevention provided by sports medicine associations do not always account for sex differences, specific age populations, regional environmental conditions, equipment worn during activity, or the athlete's size or preexisting level of fitness. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate of exertional heat illness (EHI) among collegiate football athletes and to monitor environmental conditions during American football practice for a 3-month period. DESIGN: Epidemiologic study in which we reviewed the occurrence rates of EHI and wet bulb globe temperature readings during a 3-month period of American collegiate football practice sessions. SETTING: Five universities in the southeastern region of the United States. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Collegiate football players at the 5 universities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Wet bulb globe temperatures were recorded from August through October 2003, at the beginning, middle, and end of each practice session. The EHIs were identified and recorded, and athlete-exposures (AEs) were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 139 EHIs and 33 196 AEs were reported (EHI rate = 4.19/1000 AEs). The highest incidence of EHIs was in August (88%, EHI rate = 8.95/1000 AEs) and consisted of 70% heat cramps (6.13/1000 AEs), 23% heat exhaustion (2.06/ 1000 AEs), and 7% heat syncope (0.58/1000 AEs). No cases of heat stroke or hyponatremia were identified. The highest risk of EHI occurred during the first 3 weeks of the study; mean wet bulb globe temperature declined significantly as the study continued ( P < .001). Temperatures in the final 5 weeks of the study were significantly cooler than in the first 5 weeks ( P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Heat cramps were the most common EHI and occurred most often during the first 3 weeks of practice. Athletic trainers should take all necessary preventive measures to reduce the risk of EHI.

Journal Article↗