Poliomyelitis: concerns for polio-free countries.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Subhash C Arya.
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Investigations to assess episodes of any natural Japanese encephalitis (JE) infection following prior immunizations with JE inactivated vaccine in Japan are commendable. Employing differential production of nonstructural 1 protein NS1, during a natural infection and not by inactivated JE vaccine [Konishi E, Shoda M, Yamamoto S, Arai S, Tanaka-Taya K, Okabe N. Natural infection with Japanese encephalitis virus among inhabitants of Japan: a nationwide survey of antibodies against nonstructural 1 protein. Vaccine 2006;24:3054-956], natural infection was manifest in eight selected prefectures in Japan. Moreover, it would be possible to detect any foreign pathogenic JE virus (JEV) or any native strains associated with any major shift in JE clinical presentations. On the opposite, any NS1 antibody screen might be invalid among recipients of live JE vaccines.
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The concern about the emerging profile of poliovirus associated morbidity and mortality in the 21st century is legitimate [Paul Y. Clinical presentations of acute paralytic poliomyelitis. Vaccine 2005;23:5283]. Rather than case reports of several thousands, patients number at the most in few thousands. Furthermore, better diagnostic techniques have been offered to those handling patients with clinical syndromes resembling acute flaccid paralysis. Bizarre and unconventional clinical presentations might well be a rule than exception in near future. Furthermore, MRI can be used in the diagnosis of anterior horn infection and would play an important role in diagnosis of poliomyelitis [Kornreich L, Dagan O, Grunebaum M. MRI in acute poliomyelitis. Neuroradiology 1996;38(4):371-2]. Imaging techniques would be important in diagnosis of acute flaccid paralysis.
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