Biomedical subjects

Suhkneung Pyo

Publications and source records attributed to Suhkneung Pyo.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Effect of Holotrichia diomphalia larvae on liver fibrosis and hepatotoxicity in rats.

Holotrichia diomphalia larvae, one of the most widely used Korean folk medicinal preparations, have long been used for the treatment of chronic liver cirrhosis. The present study was undertaken to clarify whether extract of Holotrichia diomphalia larvae could prevent acute liver damage and liver fibrosis in rats. A single administration of Holotrichia diomphalia protected rats from acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (200 micro l/kg, i.p.) and beta-D-galactosamine (600mg/kg, i.p.). This was evidenced by the lowered serum aminotransferase (ALT, AST) activities in rats treated with Holotrichia diomphalia. The hepatic cirrhosis was induced by 28 days of bile duct ligation/scission in rats. The four-week treatment with Holotrichia diomphalia reduced the serum ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase activities, and hydroxyproline content in the liver and improved the histological appearance of the liver sections. The present results led us to conclude that Holotrichia diomphalia larvae can reduce the degree of hepatocellular damage and may become a promising antifibrotic agent for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed2002

Modulation of macrophage function activity by ethanolic extract of larvae of Holotrichia diomphalia.

Macrophages play a central role in determining the host response to tumor, in part through the secretion of several potent products. In this study, our work is directed toward studying the in vitro effects of extract from the larvae of Holotrichia diomphalia (HD-EX) on the ability to induce cellular and secretory responses in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Macrophages were treated with various doses (0.1, 1, 10 microg/ml) of HD-EX for 20 h. This treatment induced tumoricidal activity and increased the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO) by macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. However, HD-EX had a little effect on phagocytosis and the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and IL-10 were very low in HD-EX treated macrophages. Thus, the tumoricidal effect of HD-EX appeared to be mainly mediated by NO and TNF-alpha production from macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that HD-EX is a differential immunomodulating effect on macrophage secretory and cellular activities.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

The immunomodulatory effects of the herbicide simazine on murine macrophage functions in vitro.

We examined the immunomodulating effects of simazine, a triazine herbicide, on murine peritoneal macrophages after in vitro pre-exposure. When thioglycollate-elicited macrophages pre-exposed to simazine were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the antitumor activity induced by LPS was suppressed by simazine. Simazine also inhibited poly I:C-induced antiviral activity and interferon (IFN) production in macrophages. In addition, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) which have been known to be major effector molecules in macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity was decreased by simazine pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. However, simazine had little effect on phagocytosis and the level of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Taken together, these data indicate that simazine has a differential immunomodulating effect on macrophage secretory and cellular activities.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2002

Involvement of protein kinase C and tyrosin kinase in tumoricidal activation of macrophage induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae type II capsular polysaccharide.

Capsular polysaccharide type 2 (PS) from Streptococcus pnemoniae induced the secretory and cellular macrophage response. However, the exact mechanism by which PS regulates the macrophage functions remains unclear. In this study, we examined signal molecules which may participate in PS-elicited responses by macrophages. Our data demonstrated that tumoricidal activation of macrophages induced by PS was inhibited by either protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, H7 or protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor, genistein. In addition, these inhibitors blocked the production of TNF-alpha and NO in PS-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, PS-induced cell activation is possibly mediated by Toll-like receptor 2. These data suggest that PKC and PTK are involved in the activation of macrophages with PS.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗

PubMed2002

Immunostimulating effects of acidic polysaccharides extract of Panax ginseng on macrophage function.

The root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is one of the most popular natural tonics in oriental countries. In this study, we have isolated polysaccharide fraction of Panax ginseng (ginsan) and examined its effect on the function of murine peritoneal macrophages. When macrophages were treated with ginsan, cytotoxic activity against B16 melanoma cells was significantly induced. In addition, the levels of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6 and Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were increased and the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen components such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was enhanced. Moreover, phagocytic activity was induced in ginsan-treated macrophages compared to the control. The expression of CD14 and 1-Ab on murine peritoneal macrophages was increased by the treatment with ginsan, while the expression of CD11b was decreased. Taken together, these results suggest that ginsan has an immunopotentiating effects on macrophages and these abilities could be used clinically for the treatment of diseases such as cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗