Biomedical subjects

Sung Ok Chang

Publications and source records attributed to Sung Ok Chang.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Exploring ego-integrity in old adults: a Q-methodology study.

BACKGROUND: Achieving ego-integrity involves fully accepting oneself and is important in quality of later life, but the concept of ego-integrity in old adults has not yet been well articulated in nursing practice. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to elucidate the concept of ego-integrity in late adulthood in terms of the range of meanings this concept embraces within contemporary Korean society. DESIGN: Q-methodology was applied, which represents a method for measuring subjectivity. SETTINGS: The study was performed in a community setting in the Republic of Korea. PARTICIPANTS: The participants were 26 old adults, aged 65-70 years, living in the community in Korea. Two inclusion criteria were applied: (1) the participants had to be literate and competent to ensure that they were able to sort the cards stating the Q-samples in a forced distributive manner, and (2) the participants were regarded by researchers as having achieved ego-integrity in late adulthood as described in the literature. METHODS: Data obtained from June 2004 to December 2004 from a sample of 26 older adults were analyzed by PCQ software (a factor analysis program for the Q-technique) to delineate the factors of ego-integrity in late adulthood. RESULTS: A four-factor solutions for the study subjects indicates that there were differences in the frames of reference in achieving ego-integrity in late adulthood. The frames of reference of the four factors were: (1) a satisfactory connection between the generations, (2) enjoying a peaceful life, (3) peace through acceptance, and (4) achieving a praiseworthy life in spite of adversity. CONCLUSION: The projected property of ego-integrity in late adulthood is closely related to cultural and psycho-social environmental influences throughout the life span. Culturally sensitive life-reviews methods need to be developed to intervene in the specific ways that individual older adults achieve their own ego-integrity throughout their life experiences.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Concept analysis of coping with arthritic pain by South Korean older adults: development of a hybrid model.

This study was conducted to clarify and conceptualize the phenomenon of coping with arthritic pain by older adults. The Hybrid Model of concept development was applied to develop a conceptual structure of coping with arthritic pain by older adults. A refined definition of coping with arthritic pain by older adults emerged that identified the attributes and structure of the concept. This study reveals the characteristics of the ways that older adults cope with arthritic pain, such as how they experience themselves, how pain affects their daily life, and how they perceive the meaning of coping with arthritic pain. These characteristics indicate the complexity of the concept regarding the coping of older adults with arthritic pain. This area needs to be clarified when nursing staff assess coping with pain and plan pain management for older adults.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2006

[Comparison of influential variables for smoking temptation between adolescent and adult smokers].

PURPOSE: This study attempted to identify influential variables on smoking temptation between groups: adolescent smokers and adult smokers. METHOD: A survey was conducted with 376 adolescent smokers in 4 high schools and 451 adult smokers in community settings in South Korea. Univariate statistics and regression were used for data analysis. RESULT: The most powerful predictor of smoking temptation for adolescent smokers was nicotine dependency. On the other hand, the most powerful predictor of smoking temptation for adult smokers was self-efficacy for smoking abstinence. In the high smoking temptation group, depression and nicotine dependency were the predictors for smoking temptation for adolescent smokers and nicotine dependency and pros for smoking were the predictors for smoking temptation for adult smokers. In the low smoking temptation group, cons for smoking and process of change for smoking abstinence were the predictors on smoking temptation for adolescent smokers and self-efficacy for smoking abstention and pros for smoking were the predictors on smoking temptation for adult smokers. CONCLUSION: There were different influential variables on smoking temptation according to age groups and level of smoking temptation. Smoking-cessation interventions should be tailored to the level of smoking temptation of the individual smokers.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

A prediction model for patient classification according to nursing need: Using data mining techniques.

The purpose of this study was to construct a prediction model for patient classification according to nursing need. The results were assessed from the classification of the hospitalized cancer patients by three different data mining techniques: logistic regression, decision tree and neural network. Among these three techniques, neural network showed the best prediction power in ROC curve verification. The prediction model for patient classification developed by neural network based on nurse needs produced a prediction accuracy of 84.06%.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[An evaluation study of dementia information providing websites in Korea].

PURPOSE: The present study purposed to investigate and analyze domestic websites providing information about dementia and to suggest future directions for the development of dementia-related websites. METHOD: For this purpose, the researcher selected 13 domestic websites that were available in November and December 2004, and evaluated them in terms of construction, operation, accessibility and contents on a scale 4 point (0~3). RESULT: The construction of dementia-related websites got 6-13 out of 18 points, which suggests that management policies for the operation of dementia-related websites are inadequate. The operation of dementia-related websites got 7-15 out of 24 points. In particular, all 13 sites got a low score in the aspect of continuance. With regard to accessibility, the sites were evaluated on how easily users could access the sites and they got 2-8 out of 15 points. In evaluating contents, the sites got 9-18 out of 21 points with regard to the purpose and appropriateness of the contents. CONCLUSION: This shows that most sites did not provide diverse types of dementia-related information. Because it is highly advantageous to perform primary dementia-preventing management through websites, this study proposes to develop a website evaluation system in order to provide high quality dementia-related information.

Dementia↗

PubMed2005

[Changes in smokers' perception about smoking before and after participation in a hospitalized smoking cessation program].

PURPOSE: This study was done to analyze the changes in smokers' subjectivity about smoking before and after participation in a 5-day hospitalized smoking cessation program. DESIGN: Q-methodology, which provides a scientific method on subjectivity, was applied. FINDINGS: Nine types of subjectivity changes about smoking were identified; Type I, Nicotine craving --> Confident of self control for smoking; Type II, Nicotine craving --> Cognition of the link between habituation and smoking, Type III, Nicotine craving --> Nicotine craving, Type IV, smoking as a social behavior --> Cognition of the link between habituation and smoking, Type V, smoking as a social behavior --> Motive to turn away from being addicted to smoking to being healthy, Type VI, Habitual smoking --> Confident of self control for smoking, Type VII, Habitual smoking --> Cognition of the link between habituation and smoking, Type VIII, Habitual smoking --> Motive to turn away from being addicted to smoking to being healthy and Type IX, Denial of the negative effects of smoking --> Confident of self control for smoking. CONCLUSION: The types of changes in smokers' subjectivity before and after the smoking cessation program in this study suggest a better tailored intervention for individual smokers. The types of changes on smokers' subjectivity provide insight about which factors of the interventions for smoking cessation are especially valued for a particular group of smokers.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Influential variables on intention and action to quit smoking between adolescent smokers and adult smokers-based on the transtheoretical model].

PURPOSE: This study identified and compared influential variables on intention and action to quit smoking between adolescent smokers and adult smokers. METHODS: For the selection of variables, the transtheoretical theory was used. A survey was conducted with 376 adolescent smokers in 4 high schools and 451 adult smokers in community settings in South Korea. Discriminant analysis was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The variables of adolescent smokers that predicted an intention to quit smoking were: smoking temptation, self re-evaluation, counter conditioning and stimulus control. The variables that predicted an action to quit smoking were: self-efficacy for smoking abstinence, pros for smoking, self reevaluation, and self liberation. The variables of adult smokers that predicted an intention to quit were: smoking temptation, pros for smoking, cons for smoking, self reevaluation. The variables that self liberation and predicted an action to quit smoking were: self efficacy for smoking abstinence, smoking temptation, and counter conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Developing stage specific smoking intervention methods based on different ways of how individuals make a decision to quit smoking within their contexts needs to be done.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[The concept analysis of ego-integrity in the elderly].

PURPOSE: Ego-integrity in Erikson's stage theory is used frequently among health team members related to the care of the elderly and has specific meanings within the context of quality of life in later life. However, the concept of ego-integrity in the elderly has not been well articulated in the literature. This study was conducted clarify and conceptualize the phenomena of ego-integrity in the elderly. METHOD: A Hybrid Model of concept development was applied to develop a concept of ego-integrity, which included a field study carried out in Seoul, South Korea using in-depth interviews with old adults who were admitted as a right person for research subject according to attributes of ego-integrity analysed in the theoretical phase. RESULTS: The concept of ego-integrity emerged as a complex phenomenon having meanings in several different dimensions which encompassed several attributes. CONCLUSIONS: Ego-integrity is a concept having needs that should be treated in a specific way and it is possible to enrich the meaning and methods to manage ego-integrity in nursing interventions for promoting quality of life so that its application may have effects that have positive impacts on the elderly's well being.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2003

The nature of touch therapy related to Ki: practitioners' perspective.

Touch therapy related to Ki, a type of healing touch, has been regarded as one of the distinct therapeutic modalities in traditional oriental medicine. The present study attempted to develop a substantive theory about helping patients using touch therapy related to Ki, by exploring the views of practitioners who are using this therapeutic modality within the context of the Korean society. A grounded theory approach was applied during the collection and analyses of data. The core category, main categories and trajectory of helping patients during the use of touch therapy related to Ki was delineated. Helping patients while using touch therapy related to Ki was found to be a dynamic process with each participant actively engaged in increasing the activating, potential power of the human being. These findings have value in understanding the embedded meaning of the healing process through touch therapy within the context of Ki.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Types of smoking temptation.

BACKGROUND: In Seoul, Korea, 70% of all adult males are reported to be smokers, and guidelines to smoking cessation generally include ways to help smokers avoid situations of smoking temptation. However the phenomenon of smoking temptation has been scarcely studied. Therefore, it is critical to acquire a better understanding of smoking temptation for more effective nursing practice. AIM: This study intends to analyze the subjectivity of smoking temptation. DESIGN: Q-methodology, which applies a scientific method to subjectivity, was utilized. FINDINGS: Five distinct smoking temptation modalities, on Q-types, emerged from the Q-sort: 1) Urge to facilitate interpersonal relation; 2) Psychological desire for tranquility; 3) Habituation in social life; 4) Habituation in daily life; and, 5) Nicotine craving combined with daily routine. CONCLUSION: It is hoped that analysis of the five types of smoking temptation identified in this study will contribute to the body of knowledge and a better understanding of why smokers are addicted to smoking.

Journal Article↗