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Susan Schneider

Publications and source records attributed to Susan Schneider.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Malignant mesenchymoma of the orbit: case report and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: Malignant mesenchymoma are rare tumors of the orbit. From 1961 using English-language literature, we present the sixth such case and the first case with three malignant components. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: The clinical presentation, workup, surgical treatment, and pathology of a case of malignant mesenchymoma of the orbit are presented. RESULTS: Although very rare, these tumors should be in the differential diagnosis of any tumor of the orbit. The prognosis is unknown because of the lack of follow-up of reported patients. CONCLUSIONS: This malignant orbital mesenchymoma, an entity not accepted by all pathologists, was more complex than cases previously reported in the English literature in demonstrating rhabdomyosarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, and osteogenic differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit: is it rare? Report of a case series and review of the literature.

PURPOSE: The real incidence of solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the orbit is unknown, but it seems that since it was first described in 1994, orbital SFT has been increasingly recognized. We believe that the orbital SFT is a relatively common tumor and that it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any orbital tumor. DESIGN: Interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Four new cases of orbital SFT. METHODS: Four patients affected by solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit are described. One patient experienced a recurrent SFT shortly after initial surgical excision performed elsewhere. Thirty-eight cases have been reported in the literature in 7 years. RESULTS: The number of orbital SFTs reported has been increasing, reaching an average of more than five tumors reported per year. Since the first orbital SFT was described in 1994, 37 cases have been reported in the literature. We add four new cases in our series, including a recurrent tumor. A total of 42 cases have now been described, eight with recurrences. Malignant transformation occurred in one case. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that before 1994, the diagnosis orbital SFT was confused with other benign orbital tumors, such as fibrous histiocytoma and hemangiopericytoma because of a lack of use of immunohistochemical techniques. This entity should now be considered relatively common and should be included in the differential diagnosis of orbital tumors in any age group. Local recurrences of SFT are possible and usually follow an incomplete initial excision. Recurrent tumors in the orbit have shown the tendency to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and the bone, rendering complete secondary excision more difficult. Recurrent orbital SFT also has the potential for malignant transformation. The treatment of choice of orbital SFT is complete surgical excision and careful follow-up. Considering the more aggressive course followed by recurrent tumor, correct diagnosis and management is essential.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Thinning of the anterior capsule associated with congenital aniridia.

PURPOSE: To report the unusual finding of intraoperative fragility of the anterior capsule in some patients with congenital aniridia and determine the histopathologic etiology of this finding. SETTING: Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. METHODS: Anterior lens capsule specimens were obtained from aniridic and nonaniridic patients during cataract surgery. The intraoperative behavior of each capsule was noted, after which the specimens were submitted for histopathologic evaluation. RESULTS: All anterior capsule specimens from the nonaniridic patients were of normal thickness. Some, but not all, anterior capsule specimens from the aniridic patients were remarkably thin. Thin capsules were associated with extreme intraoperative fragility. CONCLUSIONS: Greater awareness of anterior capsule fragility in some aniridic patients may reduce the risk of capsule complications and lead to safer surgical outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Visualizing vitreous using Kenalog suspension.

We developed and evaluated a method of visualizing vitreous gel in the anterior segment. In this study, 0.2 mL of injectable triamcinolone (Kenalog) 40 mg/mL was captured in a 5 microm filter and rinsed with 2 mL of balanced salt solution (BSS). It was then resuspended in 5 mL of BSS and recaptured to thoroughly remove the preservative. The Kenalog particles were ultimately resuspended in 2 mL of BSS and injected into the anterior chamber through a 27-gauge cannula. Kenalog particles were trapped on and within the vitreous gel, making it clearly visible. The visualization provided direct observation of vitreous behavior in various experimental settings and assisted surgeons intraoperatively in the identification and removal of vitreous in the anterior segment.

Acetates↗
PubMed2003

Effects of leukocyte depletion filters on matrix metalloproteinase activation in an extracorporeal circulation circuit.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of endopeptidases that function to remodel tissue during both normal physiology and pathology. Research performed by the Medical University of South Carolina found an increased release of several MMP species during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), including the subtype MMP-9, but whether and to what degree the extracorporeal circulation circuit (ECC) induces the release of MMPs has yet to be determined. Human bank whole blood scheduled for discard was obtained and exposed to an ECC. The first set of studies (N = 8) was performed with a loop circuit using a standard arterial line filter. A leukoreduction filter was incorporated during the first 30 min of the pump run for the second set of trials; the leukoreduction filter was then bypassed and a standard arterial filter used for the remaining 60 minutes on pump (N = 8). Blood samples were drawn at four time points for analysis (baseline, 30, 60, and 90 min). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance with between-subjects factors, and a p value of less than .1 was considered statistically significant. The MMP-9 level increased by 130.44% at 90 min on pump in the standard arterial filter group and decreased by 34.62% at 90 min on pump in the leukoreduction group. There was a significant difference between the baseline MMP-9 level and the MMP-9 concentrations at 30, 60, and 90 min for both groups (p = .0348); there was a significant difference in MMP-9 levels between the two filter groups (p = .0611). The present study found a significant increase in MMP-9 levels when blood was exposed to an ECC with a standard arterial filter. The use of a leukoreduction filter significantly reduced MMP-9 concentrations as compared to baseline levels in this study. Leukocyte depletion filtration may serve to benefit CPB patients by attenuating the inflammatory response and disrupting pathways that govern such mediators as the MMPs.

Enzyme Activation↗
PubMed2002

Diagnostic transvitreal fine-needle aspiration biopsy of small melanocytic choroidal tumors in nevus versus melanoma category.

PURPOSE: To report an experience with fine-needle aspiration biopsy of selected small melanocytic choroidal tumors during the interval from April 13, 1983, through January 19, 2001. METHODS: Retrospective descriptive case series report of 34 patients with a small melanocytic choroidal tumor (maximal diameter, < or = 10 mm; thickness, > or = 1.5 mm but < or = 3 mm) evaluated diagnostically by transvitreal fine-needle aspiration biopsy prior to treatment. None of the tumors had invasive features at the time of biopsy. RESULTS: Patients ranged in age from 26 to 73 years (mean, 50.9 years). The evaluated choroidal tumors had a mean maximal basal diameter of 8.0 mm and a mean maximal thickness of 2.4 mm. Eighteen of the 34 tumors (52.9%) had been documented to enlarge prior to biopsy. Biopsy was performed in all cases using a 25-gauge hollow lumen needle and a transvitreal approach via a pars plana puncture site. The biopsy yielded a sufficient aspirate for cytodiagnosis in 22 of 34 cases (64.7%). In these cases, the tumor was classified as malignant melanoma in 16 (47.1% of total), intermediate lesion in 4 (11.8%), and benign nevus in 2 (5.9%). The 12 tumors that yielded an insufficient aspirate and the four lesions that yielded intermediate cells continued to be classified as "nevus versus melanoma" and were monitored periodically for growth or other changes. Four of the 12 tumors that yielded an insufficient aspirate for cytodiagnosis and all four lesions that yielded intermediate cells were eventually reclassified as small choroidal melanomas and treated. The remaining eight tumors that yielded an insufficient aspirate and the two tumors that yielded benign nevus cells were classified as benign nevi at the most recent follow-up evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy showed that a substantial proportion of small melanocytic choroidal tumors likely to be classified clinically as small choroidal melanomas in many centers were in fact benign nevi or intermediate lesions.

Adult↗