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Biomedical subjects

T A Cable

Publications and source records attributed to T A Cable.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Lessons from the Oslo Study Diet and Anti-smoking Trial: a qualitative study of long-term behaviour change.

The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with sustainable behaviour change among persons at increased risk for future cardiovascular disease. A qualitative approach based on focus group interviews was used. Twenty-five men aged 62-71 years who participated in the Oslo Study Diet and Anti-smoking Trial were interviewed in four focus groups. The study identified five categories of factors linked to the process of lifestyle changes: the doctor-patient relationship, significant others, motivators, barriers, and empowerment. A strong personal attachment to the principal investigator of the Oslo Study was revealed. The relationship was described as friendly and supportive. The family based approach and the impact of spouses, in particular, was emphasized by the participants. Somatic symptoms and fear often acted as motivators to behavioural change. Individual feedback was also identified as an important motivator. Psychological resistance to external pressure, concerns regarding behaviour change, and benefits from current (unhealthy) behaviour were identified as barriers. Participants reported a process of empowerment and personal control as an important element of sustainable change. The importance of the unique relationship with a certain provider has implications for future healthcare planning. This factor may also limit the external validity of studies of human behaviour.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Preventive medicine matrix as a residency curriculum development tool.

Preventive medicine has become a central issue in health care reform, but how best to teach and implement health promotion/disease prevention (HP/DP) in clinical practice is still undefined. This article describes the Preventive Medicine Matrix as a tool to help organize the complex and broad area of prevention into a workable curriculum for residency programs. The matrix is divided into life-cycle periods and HP/DP curricular topics. Using the matrix, a program can assess the areas it is addressing well and those that require emphasis. A major strength of the matrix is its flexibility, which allows modifications for the different needs of individual programs.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1990

Results of a work-site educational and screening program for hypertension and cancer.

Cardiovascular disease and cancer account for 68% of deaths in the United States each year. Office-based screening efforts to detect early or asymptomatic disease have been modestly successful at best, as neither patients nor physicians routinely follow American Cancer Society guidelines. The work site, representing a captive group of patients, is an alternative screening site. Eight hundred eighty-eight employees at 10 work sites were screened for hypertension and six types of cancer (oral, breast, rectal, colon, prostate, and testicular). Fifty-one employees with new onset or poorly controlled hypertension were identified, along with two early cancers (rectal, breast) and four malignant precursors. Potential dollar savings to employee, employer, and society were three times the cost of the screening program. Screening at the work site represents an efficient, cost-effective approach for the early detection of hypertension and cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Breast-feeding behavioral patterns among La Leche League mothers: a descriptive survey.

Many studies have documented the behavioral patterns of unrestricted breast-feeding among Third World mothers, but knowledge of this behavior among Western women is lacking. La Leche League International is a strong advocate of unrestricted breast-feeding, a feeding behavior more characteristic of women in developing countries than in Western society. To investigate the breast-feeding patterns of La Leche League mothers, a pilot study of 24 active members was undertaken. Utilizing a home diary, a 2-month record of suckling frequency, vaginal bleeding, sexual intercourse, solid food supplements, and six-hour intervals without a suckling episode was maintained. The results show the La Leche League mother in this sample to be an average of 29 years old, white, and well-educated. She fed an infant an average of 15 times per day and frequently slept with her child. Frequency of mother and child sleeping together was inversely related to the frequency of marital intercourse. Prolonged lactational amenorrhea was also found, as 92% of the mothers nursing infants 5 to 16 months old had not regained their normal menstrual flow. La Leche League mothers represent a subset of nursing mothers who have a life-style of which the primary care physician must be aware in order to provide optimal maternal-infant care.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and types of injuries in aerobic dancers.

A sample of 726 aerobic dancers was surveyed by questionnaire to document the prevalence, types, and severity of injuries experienced. Data were gathered on demographics, exercise behavior, and environmental conditions during a 1 week period. Most of the subjects (66%) engaged in aerobic dance classes at least every other day, with a mean exercise time of 195 minutes per week. Twenty-eight percent of the subjects had been exercising 1 to 2 years, and 26% had been exercising 2 years or longer. Forty-nine percent of the subjects reported a history of at least one injury related to aerobic dancing. Most of the injuries were to the shin (24.5%), lower back (12.9%), and ankle (12.2%). Among those subjects injured, 23% reportedly saw a physician because of their injury. The frequency with which subjects exercised was associated with a history of injury. Subjects who exercised fewer than four times per week reported fewer injuries (43%) than those who exercised four times per week (60%) or more (66%). This study is a first step toward providing data to help physicians counsel aerobic dancers regarding injury prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nuchal cord: an unusual manifestation.

This case report describes an unusual manifestation of nuchal cord--significant fetal neck compression without compromised cord blood flow. The physical signs and clinical outcome of this infant are reported.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching preventive cardiology: the consultation clinic.

Atherosclerotic heart disease is the principal cause of death in the United States and other industrial societies. Three major risk factors for developing coronary artery disease (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) are frequently seen in family practice patients. It is therefore important for family physicians to be able to assess an individual patient's overall heart disease risk and provide advice and counseling to reduce that risk. This article describes a teaching-consultation clinic in which family practice residents learn to assess cardiac risk in patients and develop counseling skills to manage that risk. The role of the family physician in relation to the cardiologist is also discussed. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): preventive medicine, cardiology, residency.

Cardiology↗