Rupture of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon of the little finger.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
T A Creagh
Publications and source records attributed to T A Creagh.
Emphysematous cystitis in an elderly patient with ulcerative colitis.
Emphysematous cystitis is a rare complication of lower urinary tract infections. The disease is characterized by air within the bladder wall and lumen and commonly occurs in middle-aged diabetic women. Intramural bladder gas seen on imaging is pathognomonic for this condition. The severity of the illness varies widely from cases diagnosed incidentally to patients presenting with life-threatening sepsis. We report the case of an 80-year-old non-diabetic man presenting with emphysematous cystitis after a total colectomy for ulcerative colitis.
Aged, 80 and over↗
Presentation of malignant melanoma metastases as a testicular lump.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
The source of urinary nitrosamines in patients with enterocystoplasties.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the factors influencing urinary nitrosamine production in patients with enterocystoplasties. PATIENTS, SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study comprised 100 patients with an enterocystoplasty, 20 patients with interstitial cystitis, 30 with infective cystitis and 120 control subjects drawn from hospital staff and out-patients. Urinary nitrosamine levels were measured and the urine samples cultured for microorganisms. RESULTS: Nitrosamine levels were significantly higher only in patients with enterocystoplasties who also had higher urinary white cell counts or significant bacteriuria. CONCLUSION: Patients with an enterocystoplasty and significant bacteriuria are most at risk from potential nitrosamine-induced epithelial injury.
Bacteriuria↗
Obstructive renal failure requiring surgical intervention in an AIDS patient being treated with sulphadiazine.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
AIDS Dementia Complex↗
Is there a role for in vivo methylene blue staining in the prediction of bladder tumour recurrence?
OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of in vivo staining with intravesical methylene blue in predicting tumour recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients (27 men and 12 women, age range 43-75 years) newly diagnosed with bladder tumours were prospectively studied and followed for a minimum of 2 years. Potential biopsy sites were identified by staining intravesically with a 1% methylene blue solution and compared with random biopsy sites. RESULTS: Biopsy directed by methylene blue staining detected carcinoma in situ more often than random biopsy. Rates of recurrence were similar in both stained and unstained groups. CONCLUSION: Methylene blue staining does not add significantly to the management of patients presenting with bladder tumours.
Adult↗
Pregnancy after lower urinary tract reconstruction in women.
PURPOSE: We determined if pregnant women with reconstructed lower urinary tracts experience complications related to the urological reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 27 women (34 pregnancies) with reconstructed lower urinary tracts underwent regular urinalysis, blood biochemistry studies and ultrasound examinations during pregnancy and for a minimum of 1 year after delivery. RESULTS: There were 28 normal, full-term vaginal deliveries without complication. A total of 6 patients underwent cesarean section, with injury to the vascular pedicle of the cystoplasty without sequelae occurring in 1. Temporary postpartum incontinence occurred in 6 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with reconstructed lower urinary tracts can experience normal deliveries but require close surveillance. The route of delivery should be determined by obstetrical indications.
Female↗
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen: a new prognostic indicator in renal cell carcinoma.
Renal cell carcinoma is a tumor, the prognosis and behavior of which remain poorly understood. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen levels have been shown to act as an independent prognostic variable in a variety of malignancies. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen was evaluated in 59 cases of renal cell carcinoma, and the results were correlated with existing clinicopathological variables and survival. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen index (percentage of tumor cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen) did not correlate with stage, grade or ploidy. To assess survival, tumors with proliferating cell nuclear antigen indexes of greater than and less than 60% were compared. The 24 patients with a high index (greater than 60%) had a significantly worse survival than did 35 with a low index (less than 60%, p < 0.001). Therefore, the prognostic potential of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in renal cell carcinoma is promising and may be of clinical value in the management of patients with renal cell carcinoma.
Adult↗
Older donors and kidney transplantation.
Reluctance to use kidneys from older donors (> 50 years of age) is based on reports of inferior results. We reviewed our experience with 45 kidneys transplanted from older donors. Primary nonfunction, immediate graft function, and 1-, 2- and 3-year graft survival rates were similar to those obtained with kidneys transplanted from donors aged between 20 and 40 years. Renal function at 1 year (as measured by serum creatinine) was poorer in kidneys from older donors. No beneficial effect with respect to graft survival was noted with cyclosporin therapy compared to conventional immunosuppression; however, the numbers are small. We conclude that kidneys from older donors are a valuable source for transplantation.
Adult↗
In situ ESWL for ureteric calculi: the optimum treatment?
In situ ESWL for ureteric calculi is associated with good stone clearance rates but is it without significant morbidity? A review of 189 patients with single ureteric calculi (150 upper ureter, 39 lower ureter calculi) revealed an 89% stone clearance for upper ureteral calculi and 80% stone clearance for lower ureteral calculi. However 11% of patients with upper ureteral calculi and 20% of patients with lower ureteral calculi required additional intervention for complications or failed treatment. In situ ESWL may not be the optimum therapy for all ureteric calculi especially those in the lower ureter.
Adolescent↗
Oxygen free radicals and acute pancreatitis: fact or fiction?
The effect of oxygen free radical suppression was studied in the taurocholate model of acute pancreatitis in the rat using systemic allopurinol, superoxide dismutase (S.O.D.) and catalase. None of the treatments were beneficial which suggests that oxygen free radical suppression is unlikely to be clinically beneficial in acute pancreatitis.
Acute Disease↗
Do not treat staghorn calculi by extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy alone!
A review of 84 patients with triple phosphate (staghorn) calculi treated by extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) revealed a 67% stone clearance at 6 months. Classification of calculi according to morphology showed a variation in stone clearance from 47 to 82%. A significant number of patients developed complications (25%) or required additional procedures (27%). ESWL monotherapy is not a suitable treatment option for most patients with staghorn calculi.
Adolescent↗
A novel method of induced renal hypothermia.
When the kidney is removed from cold storage for implantation into the recipient it gradually rewarms (second warm ischaemic time) and a prolonged second warm ischaemic time is a risk factor for delayed graft function. A cooling jacket has been designed to prevent this rewarming during transplantation. This study evaluates the efficacy of this device. Surface and core temperatures of less than 15 degrees Centigrade were maintained for 120 minutes. Renal function was significantly better in cooled than in uncooled kidneys in a single kidney canine model. Induced renal hypothermia, using a device such as this, should be a routine manoeuvre in renal transplantation.
Animals↗
Local beneficial effect of coumarin in experimental peritonitis.
Coumarin, a potent immune stimulant and macrophage activator, has been used to treat brucellosis and as an immune suppressor. The effect of Coumarin and systemic antibiotics on septicaemia, survival and peritoneal contamination in experimental peritonitis was assessed. Four groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated with Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis. Group A received saline alone, Group B received Coumarin alone, Group C received antibiotics (Clindamycin and Cephradine) alone and Group D received both Coumarin and antibiotics. Septicaemia, confirmed by blood culture, occurred in all animals. Coumarin did not improve survival whether given alone or in combination with antibiotics. Animals given Coumarin (Groups B and D) had significantly less peritoneal soiling (54%, 0%) (P less than 0.02, P less than 0.001) than their controls (Groups A and C: 92%; 29%). While Coumarin did not improve resistance to septicaemia it did exert a local beneficial effect.
Animals↗
Transplantation of kidneys from pediatric cadaver donors to adult recipients.
Pediatric donors (less than 12 years old) are a potentially important source of kidneys for adult recipients. Previous reports of decreased graft survival and increased complication rates have made surgeons wary of using such kidneys. In 64 kidneys from younger donors transplanted to adult recipients the delayed graft function rate (41 versus 42%), and 2 and 3-year graft survival rates (67 versus 72% and 61 versus 65%, respectively) were similar to those seen with kidneys from adult donors. Kidneys from donors 24 months old or less experienced an 80% rate of graft loss at 1 year. When these kidneys are excluded the 1-year graft survival rate was similar to kidneys from older and younger donors (70 versus 77%). Mean serum creatinine at 1 year was similar in both groups (155 +/- 21 versus 151 +/- 10). Pediatric kidneys except those obtained from donors 2 years old or less are suitable for adult recipients. However, kidneys from very young donors may be more appropriate to pediatric recipients.
Adult↗
Pararectus retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy.
We describe a new pararectus retroperitoneal approach to the kidney, which allows easy identification and occlusion of the renal vessels before mobilization of the kidney. This approach potentially reduces morbidity, hospital stay and cost. The technique has been used in 4 cases of radical nephrectomy for tumor and in 1 for pyonephrosis.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
A canine model of cyclosporine enhanced ischemic renal injury.
Clinical reports of increased graft primary non function in patients receiving cyclosporine in whom the anastomosis time is prolonged (greater than 30 minutes) suggest a synergism between the nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine and the ischaemia occurring during transplantation. Using unilaterally nephrectomised greyhound dogs, sixty minutes ischaemia and cyclosporine 10 mg./kg./day we have produced an animal model of cyclosporine enhanced ischaemia renal failure. Structural and functional data suggests the proximal tubule is the main site of injury.
Animals↗