PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T A Laude

Publications and source records attributed to T A Laude.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Do hair care practices affect the acquisition of tinea capitis? A case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the influences of hair-grooming practices and environmental factors as risk factors for the acquisition of tinea capitis (TC) in children. DESIGN: Case-control study comparing children with culture-proved TC with age-, sex-, and race-matched control subjects without scalp disease. SETTING: A multicenter study involving 3 urban referral centers in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 66 patients aged 12 years and younger presenting to pediatric dermatology clinics with clinical evidence of TC were enrolled as cases. Matched control subjects (n = 68), without known scalp disease, were enrolled from the outpatient pediatric clinics at the same institutions. RESULTS: Significant associations with TC in the conditional logistic regression model were a prior history of TC (odds ratio, 3.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-9.43; P =.04) and exposure to TC (odds ratio, 16.32; 95% confidence interval, 3.55-75.16; P =.001). The use of a hair conditioner was statistically significant in the univariable model but not in the multivariable model (odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-1.08; P =.07). Hairstyling, frequency of washing, use of oils or grease, and other hair care practices were not shown to be associated with the presence of TC. CONCLUSIONS: Hair-grooming practices do not appear to play a major role in the acquisition of TC. Hair conditioners may be protective in children at risk for TC, but further studies are needed to confirm this finding.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2000

Toxic epidermal necrolysis in children--an update.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a relatively rare disease, characterized by generalized erythema, bulla formation, and exfoliation of the epidermis that resembles scalding. It is usually drug-induced and mediated by immune reactions of several types. TEN has to be differentiated from erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. TEN bears a life-threatening potential and a risk for significant complications such as dehydration; secondary infections; pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and renal involvement; and late scarring with cosmetic and functional implications. Therapeutic interventions include admission in a burn center unit, systemic antibiotics and corticosteroids, topical therapy with antibacterial agents and biological dressings, and supportive measures.

Burn Units↗
PubMed1999

Perioral dermatitis in children.

Perioral dermatitis is a unique skin disorder of childhood. Its exact origin is unknown; it is probably an idiosyncratic response to exogenous factors such as the use of a topical fluorinated corticosteroid or other substances on the face. It is uncommon but not rare. The age of affected children has ranged from 7 months to 13 years, with the median being in the prepubertal period. Boys and girls, blacks and whites are equally affected. Clinical features include the following: (1) absence of systemic symptoms; (2) periorificial distribution (perioral, perinasal, periorbital); (3) skin lesions that consist of flesh colored or erythematous inflammed papules, micronodules, and rare pustules; and (4) variable pruritus. Laboratory tests are negative. Histologically, it is indistinguishable from rosacea; there is a superficial perifollicular granuloma consisting of epitheliod cells, and lymphohistiocytic infiltrate, with occasional giant cells. The disease waxes and wanes for weeks and months. Treatment consists of discontinuing topical fluorinated corticosteroid use if any, and using topical metronidazole alone or in combination with either oral tetracycline or erythromycin depending on the child's age. A low-potency topical steroid may also be used to suppress the inflammation and to wean off the strong steroid. Perioral dermatitis in childhood is probably a juvenile form of rosacea.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

Atopic dermatitis in childhood.

Atopic dermatitis is one of the major challenging skin disorders in infants and children. Many flare factors come into play. Treatment is complicated. A simplified approach and overview to the problem is presented here. A parent education handout used in our clinic and reprinted here may be reproduced for patient education purposes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1996

Skin disorders in black children.

Recently, progress and developments have been made in six skin conditions relevant to black children. Infantile acropustulosis may either be idiopathic or may be a sequela of scabies in young infants. The approach to small- or medium-sized congenital melanocytic nevi in black children must be different because the risk for malignant transformation into melanoma is exceedingly small. Keloids and hypertrophic scars in children are effectively treated with silicone gel sheeting. Tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans remains to be a very common infection among black children. The newer systemic antifungal agents have no significant advantage over griseofulvin. Hair problems resulting from grooming practices or hair styling are preventable. For postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, azelaic acid holds promise.

Black People↗
PubMed1995

Neonatal lupus erythematosus: discordant disease expression of U1RNP-positive antibodies in fraternal twins--is this a subset of neonatal lupus erythematosus or a new distinct syndrome?

Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is an uncommon disease that is manifested by cutaneous lesions, cardiac conduction defects, or both, that appear in utero or shortly after birth. In approximately 95% of patients, anti-Ro antibody (Ro[SS-A]) has been identified and has become the serologic marker for NLE. Since 1987 there have been four reported cases of Ro- and anti-La antibody (La[SS-B])-negative, U1RNP antibody-positive, NLE. Our affected twin, as well as all other infants with U1RNP-positive NLE, had cutaneous lesions similar to those in Ro-positive NLE, although they lacked systemic abnormalities, including cardiac conduction defects. HLA typing of mothers with infants with U1RNP-positive NLE revealed the presence of HLA-DR4, DQw1, or DQw3 phenotypes. Our typing confirms these findings. As with Ro-positive NLE, no distinct HLA associations were demonstrated in the infants. Unlike Ro-positive mothers, all mothers with a U1RNP-positive infant with NLE had connective tissue disease at the time of the diagnosis and had a different spectrum of disease. We describe the clinical, serologic, and immunogenetic findings in the first reported case of U1RNP-positive NLE in dizygotic twins in whom the NLE disease expression was discordant.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Approach to dermatologic disorders in black children.

Skin diseases in black children differ because of pigment lability, fibroblastic activity, and folliular predominance. Normal findings may include Futcher's or Voight's line, linea alba, Mongolian spot, and pigmentation of the mucous membranes and nails. Disorders that are more frequent in black children are transient neonatal pustular melanosis, infantile acropustulosis, tinea capitis, pomade acne, traction alopecia, and proximal trichorrhexis nodosa. Disorders that vary in appearance but not incidence include pityriasis alba, vitiligo, and alopecia areata. A knowledge of this helps in the treatment of the black child with a skin disorder.

Black People↗
PubMed1987

Congenital malignant melanoma.

A 6-week-old girl with congenital melanoma of the skin is reported and the literature is reviewed. We believe this to be the first case of congenital melanoma in a black infant who had no underlying giant melanocytic nevus. Because of the significant relationship between the early treatment and prognosis of malignant melanoma, we wish to alert pediatric clinicians to the existence of this rare congenital neoplasm.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1982

Tinea capitis in Brooklyn.

Tinea capitis, a disease of children, occurs throughout the United States. We studied 144 clinically diagnosed cases of tinea capitis within a 12-month period. Ninety-six of them had positive cultures; Trichophyton tonsurans grew in 89% and Microsporum organisms in 11%. Ninety-five (99%) of the patients with positive cultures were black, and one (1%) was hispanic. The peak incidence was in the 4-to-5-year age group. Boys and girls were equally affected. Sixty percent of the 96 culture-proved cases were noninflammatory, and 40% were inflammatory (kerions). In four patients, the initial clinical manifestations were severe diffuse seborrhealike scales and crusting of the scalp with minimal alopecia. Mycologic and clinical cure were obtained by a mean of 4.7 weeks of griseofulvin therapy. Neither systemic erythromycin, topical antifungal agents, nor systemic prednisone resulted in earlier eradication. However, prednisone caused the inflammation of the kerions to subside dramatically.

Black or African American↗