Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T A Rozanski.
A massive, locally extensive adenocarcinoma of the prostate (2,246 ccm) presenting as constipation and a palpable abdominal mass, was treated with androgen deprivation resulting in a 94 percent reduction in tumor size, and relief of symptoms. Serum prostate-specific antigen was reduced from 4,029 to 0.4 ng/mL, after hormonal therapy was combined with radiation treatments for local disease control.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability, safety and patient satisfaction of transcutaneous Biopty (Bard Urological, Covington, GA, USA) gun testis biopsies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen young men who were referred for evaluation of azoospermia were included in the study. The procedure was performed in an outpatient setting, under local anaesthesia and without sedation. Two passes of the Biopty gun spring-loaded needle were performed unilaterally in each patient. RESULTS: An average of 38.9 seminiferous tubules were evaluable per patient. The procedure was extremely well-tolerated by all patients and most felt that the procedure was no more distressing than simple phlebotomy. CONCLUSION: Transcutaneous testis needle biopsy performed with the Biopty gun is safe, rapid and cost-effective. This technique may represent a viable alternative to the open method of testis biopsy.
Bladder cancer is the most common cancer in the urinary tract, and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) accounts for more than 90% of bladder tumors. Bladder cancer is responsible for 4.5% of all new malignant neoplasms and 1.9% of cancer deaths in the United States. According to 1993 estimates, 52,000 new cases of bladder cancer were diagnosed in the United States, and almost 10,000 deaths were caused by this disease. TCC is a heterogeneous neoplasm with a variable natural history and behavior pattern. Seventy to 80% of bladder cancers are manifested as early stage, superficial papillary lesions; 20% are initially diagnosed as invasive disease. Superficial tumors have a great propensity to recur, and 10-20% progress to invasion of the bladder wall. Patients with invasive tumors are at high risk for disease progression, and despite definitive therapy (frequently cystectomy), the overall 5-year mortality rate is almost 50%. Basic and clinical research have led to a better understanding of bladder cancer and are leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This report summarizes new concepts in the pathophysiology of bladder cancer, focusing on TCC, the most common histologic type of bladder tumor.
A new human prostate tumor cell line (ALVA-31) has been established from a biopsy specimen of primary tumor obtained during prostatectomy. The cell line has been maintained for more than 48 months in stable growth. The in vitro doubling time was determined to be approximately 26 hr. The chromosome number ranged from 24-112, with a modal number of 59 tested over several time points throughout continuous culture. Karyotypic analysis of late-passaged cells demonstrated approximately 70 human chromosomes, 8-14 markers, and two X chromosomes without a Y chromosome. Prostatic origin was confirmed by the expression of both prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase, using specific antisera and immunoradiolabelling techniques. Prostate tumor xenografts were grown in intact male, castrate male, and female athymic mice; however, the rate of tumor growth was clearly dependent upon serum testosterone levels.
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To determine the effects of exercise and activity on serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, we studied an inpatient adult male population, and evaluated the PSA levels before and after a graded exercise stress test. We confirmed a prior finding showing a significant difference between inpatient and outpatient values, yet found that stressful exercise had no definitive effect on serum PSA values.
We report the fourth case of a congenital prepubic sinus extending from the anterior bladder wall through rectus fascia to overlying skin. Intermittent erythema and discharge prompted exploration and excision. This lesion may represent a mild forme fruste of the midline closure defects.
A total of 6 patients underwent a major urological operation with simultaneous elective cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. All patients did well with no morbidity or increased hospital stay attributable to the biliary operation. Numerous articles in the vascular, general and gynecological surgery literature advocate concomitant cholecystectomy when gallstones are present. The complications of nonoperated biliary calculous disease, including postoperative cholecystitis, are well known. A concomitant operation could reduce over-all risks and costs to the patient and health care system.