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Biomedical subjects

T Abdullah

Publications and source records attributed to T Abdullah.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

The surgical treatment of adrenal diseases.

Between January 1978 to December 1993, 130 cases of adrenal diseases were diagnosed and surgically treated at the National University of Malaysia. They were 58 cases (44.6%) of Conn's syndrome, 40 cases (30.7%) of Cushing's syndrome, 20 cases (15.3%) of phaeochromocytoma and 12 cases (9.2%) of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). The commonest cause of Conn's syndrome was an adenoma (96.5%) which affected the left gland four times more than the right gland. Cushing's syndrome was caused by adrenocortical adenoma (32.5%), diffuse bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (40.0%), pigmented macronodular hyperplasia (20.0%) and adrenal carcinoma (7.5%). Twenty-five percent of the phaeochromocytomas were extraadrenal in origin arising mainly from the abdominal sympathetic chain. More than 50% of ACCs were non-functioning tumours. Fifty percent of the patients with ACC had inoperable tumours. The prognosis was poor even with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The main surgical approach was the anterior transabdominal route. There was no operative mortality or morbidity in all operated cases.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Antigenic determinants of the OmpC porin from Salmonella typhimurium.

The antigenic determinants of Salmonella typhimurium OmpC were investigated by the analysis of cyanogen bromide (CNBr)-generated porin peptides with antiporin monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). We identified six bands (f1 to f6) with estimated molecular masses of 35.5, 31.0, 25.0, 22.5, 13.8, and 10.0 kDa, respectively. In addition, two small fragments (f7 and f8; 3.0 to 6.0 kDa) were detected only infrequently. The OmpC monomer or its CNBr-generated peptides were electrophoretically transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane and then subjected to amino acid composition analysis and N-terminal sequencing. A comparison of the amino acid composition data with known compositions of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi OmpC showed some differences; however, the amino acid sequences of 71 residues identified in S. typhimurium showed 88 and 98% identity with OmpC from E. coli and S. typhi, respectively. The screening of CNBr peptides with the 12 anti-(S. typhimurium) OmpC MAbs by Western blot (immunoblot), in conjunction with the prediction of the OmpC folding pattern based on the known three-dimensional structure of E. coli OmpF, showed that four MAbs reacted with surface-exposed epitopes on loops L2, L8, and L4 to L7, four MAbs reacted with a region in the eyelet structure on loop L3, and four MAbs reacted with the buried epitopes on transmembrane beta strands. The MAbs reacting with surface-exposed loops showed no cross-reaction with E. coli OmpC, whose sequence has diverged extensively from that of S. typhi and (probably) S. typhimurium OmpC only in regions of the externally exposed loops. In contrast, MAbs reacting with transmembrane beta strands, whose sequence is strongly conserved, showed strong cross-reaction with E. coli OmpC. These results show that comparison with the E. coli OmpF structure predicts the folding pattern of S. typhimurium OmpC rather accurately and that evolutionary divergence in sequences is confined to the external loops. The possible roles of these surface-exposed and buried epitopes as potentially useful antigenic regions for diagnostic assays and vaccine development are discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Primary lymphangiomyomatosis with chylous ascites.

Primary lymphangiomyomatosis is a benign tumour of lymphatic channels and lymph nodes, clinically manifested by chylous ascites. This disease is usually progressive and unresponsive to surgery, chemotherapy or irradiation. A case of a 36-year-old lady with chylous ascites due to underlying primary lymphangiomyomatosis is reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis with chylous ascites.

A 41-year-old Malay housewife presented with recurrent chylous ascites and progressive cachexia over 17 years. A diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) was established by laparotomy where biopsy of the liver, peritoneum and adhesions from previous surgery showed smooth muscle proliferation in the blood vessels and lymphatics. Clinically and radiologically, there was no evidence of pulmonary involvement. She was treated with dietary fat restriction and medium-chain triglycerides. This is the first case of LAM reported in Malaysia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Structural relatedness of enteric bacterial porins assessed with monoclonal antibodies to Salmonella typhimurium OmpD and OmpC.

The immunochemistry and structure of enteric bacterial porins are critical to the understanding of the immune response to bacterial infection. We raised 41 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to Salmonella typhimurium OmpD and OmpC porin trimers and monomers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunoprecipitations, and/or Western immunoblot techniques indicated that 39 MAbs (11 anti-trimer and 28 anti-monomer) in the panel are porin specific and one binds to the lipopolysaccharide; the specificity of the remaining MAb probably lies in the porin-lipopolysaccharide complex. Among the porin-specific MAbs, 10 bound cell-surface-exposed epitopes, one reacted with a periplasmic epitope, and the remaining 28 recognized determinants that are buried within the outer membrane bilayer. Many of the MAbs reacting with surface-exposed epitopes were highly specific, recognizing only the homologous porin trimers; this suggests that the cell-surface-exposed regions of porins tends to be quite different among S. typhimurium OmpF, OmpC, and OmpD porins. Immunological cross-reaction showed that S. typhimurium OmpD was very closely related to Escherichia coli NmpC and to the Lc porin of bacteriophage PA-2. Immunologically, E. coli OmpG and protein K also appear to belong to the family of closely related porins including E. coli OmpF, OmpC, PhoE, and NmpC and S. typhimurium OmpF, OmpC, and OmpD. It appears, however, that S. typhimurium "PhoE" is not closely related to this group. Finally, about one-third of the MAbs that presumably recognize buried epitopes reacted with porin domains that are widely conserved in 13 species of the family Enterobacteriaceae, but apparently not in the seven nonenterobacterial species tested. These data are evaluated in relation to host immune response to infection by gram-negative bacteria.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Treatment of bleeding gastroesophageal varices: a report of forty-four cases.

Bleeding gastroesophageal varices is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Forty-four cases of bleeding gastroesophageal varices were treated at the Department of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur over four and a half years. Thirty-two of them had liver cirrhosis. Hepatitis B infection was noted in 13 and alcoholic abuse was present in 14 patients. Five patients had associated hepatoma. Thirty-four percent had gastric fundal varices and a third of these bled from them. A total of 179 endoscopic injection sclerotherapy sessions were performed averaging 4 per person. Rebleeding rate was 4% and mortality was high (50%) in these cases. It was concluded that injection sclerotherapy is a safe and effective means of controlling bleeding oesophageal varices. Operative surgery was employed in those who rebled after injection and would be considered in those in Child's A.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Evolution of the ferric enterobactin receptor in gram-negative bacteria.

Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of iron-deficient and replete cell envelopes, 59Fe-siderophore uptake studies, and Western immunoblots and cytofluorimetric analyses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), we surveyed a panel of gram-negative bacteria to identify outer membrane proteins that are structurally related to the Escherichia coli K-12 ferric enterobactin receptor, FepA. Antibodies within the panel identified FepA epitopes that are conserved among the majority of the bacteria tested, as well as epitopes present in only a few of the strains. In general, epitopes of FepA that are buried in the outer membrane bilayer were more conserved among gram-negative bacteria than epitopes that are exposed on the bacterial cell surface. The surface topology and tertiary structure of FepA are quite similar in E. coli and Shigella flexneri but differ in Salmonella typhimurium. Of the 18 different genera tested, 94% of the bacteria transported ferric enterobactin, including members of the previously unrecognized genera Citrobacter, Edwardsiella, Enterobacter, Haemophilus, Hafnia, Morganella, Neisseria, Proteus, Providencia, Serratia, and Yersinia. The ferric enterobactin receptor contains at least one buried epitope, recognized by MAb 2 (C. K. Murphy, V. I. Kalve, and P. E. Klebba, J. Bacteriol. 172:2736-2746, 1990), that is conserved within the structure of an iron-regulated cell envelope protein in all the bacteria that we have surveyed. With MAb 2, we identified and determined the Mr of cell envelope antigens that are immunologically related to E. coli FepA in all the gram-negative bacteria tested. Collectively, the library of anti-FepA MAbs showed unique patterns of reactivity with the different bacteria, allowing identification and discrimination of species within the following gram-negative genera: Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Edwardsiella, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Haemophilus, Hafnia, Klebsiella, Morganella, Neisseria, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Determinants of OmpF porin antigenicity and structure.

Sixty-six murine hybridomas raised to Escherichia coli B/r porin were used to identify and differentiate the epitopes of this outer membrane protein. Anti-porin monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were raised against outer membrane fragments, purified native trimeric porin (trimer), and purified sodium dodecyl sulfate-denatured monomeric porin (monomer). Immunochemical and flow cytometric methods identified five distinct cell surface-exposed determinants on OmpF. The peptide composition of porin epitopes was determined by analysis of mAb reactivity with cyanogen bromide-generated peptide fragments. Four of 43 anti-monomer mAb reacted with surface exposed sites on OmpF, defining epitopes that consist of residues within CNBr peptides d2, d3, and B. The anti-porin mAb panel was also used to evaluate changes in porin antigenic structure in strains with short ompF deletions. Flow cytometric experiments indicated that despite changes in porin permeability, little if any alteration of surface epitopes occurred in these strains. Western immunoblot analysis of the mutant porins showed loss of reactivity with numerous mAb, which was caused by changes in three spatially distinct epitopes at residues 108-111, 118-123, and 124-129. Our findings indicate that in these ompF mutants the residues responsible for altering porin permeability are not exposed on the cell surface, but are buried within the tertiary structure of the protein. One of these regions, which is apparently involved in the determination of channel permeability characteristics, is conserved among 15 of 16 different porin molecules which were screened with the anti-OmpF mAb panel.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Women's reality: critical issues for program design.

The following article looks at social controls on the behavior of rural women in Bangladesh that need to be considered in project designs if women are to be able to respond to development programs. Rural women in many countries are constrained by analogous social pressures, which usually have an economic basis favoring the more powerful and therefore are resistant to change. Since these pressures on rural women often have a negative effect on the goals of rural development, they need to be understood and addressed.

Adult↗