Biomedical subjects

T Adrian

Publications and source records attributed to T Adrian.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Genome type analysis of adenovirus 31, a potential causative agent of infants' enteritis.

DNA restriction analysis with 7 endonucleases was performed on 21 adenovirus type 31 strains, isolated from faeces of infants from 1974 to 1987 in different parts of Germany. The strains could be grouped into five genome types, differing from the prototype in two to four endonucleases. BglII was the most discriminative enzyme. The D2 genome type was found 16 times; all others only once or twice. No serological differences were found between the strains.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1989

Genome type analysis of adenoviruses: isolates from one year from the Hannover area.

Adenoviruses (AV), isolated from 138 children during the year 1981 in the Hannover area, were studied by DNA restriction analysis with the enzymes BamHI, BglII, BstEII, EcoRI, HindIII, KpnI, and SmaI and compared with the respective prototypes. Varying fragment patterns were depicted and genome types analyzed. Prototype-like strains of AV1 and 5 were not found. Types 2, 5, 1, 3, and 7 showed decreasing genetic variation in that order. Altered restriction sites were physically mapped on the genome; they appeared to be randomly distributed. The high genetic variability of AV2 and 5 is remarkable for this study population, limited in time and space. Clinical and epidemiological data were also presented in relation to serotypes.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1989

Genome type analysis of certain adenovirus serotypes of subgenus D.

The DNA of 19 wild strains of adenovirus types 10 (AV10), 13, 19, 24, and 27 was analysed by five restriction endonucleases (BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, and SmaI) for their genetic variability and compared with their respective prototypes. Six "AV19a" strains were identical among each other, even with five additional enzymes, but widely different from the prototype. Strains of AV10, 24, and 27 were identical or only slightly different from the respective prototypes. In contrast, three AV13 strains differed in all enzyme patterns from those of the prototype and from one another.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMed1989

Nosocomial and endemic infections with a genome type of adenovirus type 5.

A unique genome type of adenovirus 5 was isolated from 37 specimens of 25 patients. DNA restriction analysis was performed with seven endonucleases. Part of the patients were treated at a bone marrow transplantation unit in Munich. Nosocomial spread, rather than activation of endogenous adenovirus infection, was likely for many of them. In addition, sporadic cases suggested an endemicity of this genome type in Bavaria.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMed1989

Molecular epidemiology and restriction site mapping of adenovirus type 3 genome types.

One hundred thirty-eight strains of adenovirus type 3 isolated from patients in the United States, West Germany, and other regions between 1961 and 1984 were analyzed with six restriction endonucleases; 18 genome types were found. BglII was the most discriminative enzyme. Mapping of altered restriction sites was also performed for all six enzymes. The genome types D1 (like the prototype) and D3 prevailed among 45 and 47 strains, respectively. All genome types could be divided into two groups related to D1 or D3. Several clusters of infections by strains with the same genome type were observed. Only hints of differences were found in the pathogenicities of individual genome types. D1 strains were present in the United States and in Europe; group D3 prevailed almost exclusively in the United States.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMed1989

Chimpanzee adenoviruses are related to four subgenera of human adenoviruses.

Nine adenovirus strains isolated from chimpanzees were studied with regard to their relatedness to each other and to human adenovirus prototypes by neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition. The strains belonged to six serotypes, and all of them were clearly related to, but not identical to human adenoviruses of subgenus A, B, C, or E respectively. DNA restriction analysis corroborated these relationships.

Adenoviridae↗

PubMed1989

Restriction site mapping of adenovirus types 9 and 15 and genome types of intermediate adenovirus 15/H9.

Physical maps were established for seven genome types of the intermediate adenovirus (AV) 15/H9 and for the serologically related prototypes AV15 and 9 using the enzymes BamHI, BglII, and HindIII. The polarity of the fragment order was determined by hybridization with known AV2 fragments. AV15/H9 strains showed more restriction sites in common with AV9 than with AV15. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that intermediate AV15/H9 strains have emerged by recombination.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1988

Molecular epidemiology of two consecutive outbreaks of adenovirus 8 keratoconjunctivitis.

Eleven strains of adenovirus 8 (Ad 8) isolated during two consecutive outbreaks of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in the Ophthalmology Department of a University Hospital in France were compared by DNA restriction analysis. The results indicated that isolates from the two outbreaks belong to the same genome type, which is also the most predominant genome type of Ad 8. The usefulness of molecular epidemiology in Ad 8 infections is briefly discussed.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMed1988

Analysis of antigenically intermediate strains of subgenus B and D adenoviruses from AIDS patients.

We carried out detailed antigenic and restriction enzyme (RE) analyses on the subgenus B and D adenovirus isolates from 48 AIDS patients. These isolates were unusual both in the diversity of serotypes and in the number of intermediate strains identified. All unusual isolates were strain-purified and tested by serum neutralization (SN) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests with reference horse and rabbit antisera to all the prototype human adenoviruses; conversely, rabbit antisera were prepared to 16 selected strains from this study and tested by SN and HI with all prototype viruses. Among subgenus B strains, 6 DNA variants of Ad 11 isolates were distinguished by endonucleases BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, and SmaI. The D 2 variant of Ad 11 was prominent with 5 isolates, and 7 other isolates differed from D 2 in only 1 or 2 enzymes. HindIII was the most discriminative endonuclease for Ad 11 and related strains. Within subgenus D, there were 16 isolates of intermediate strains, including 4 intermediate types related to new Ad types 43-47. The RE patterns of subgenus D strains showed fragment distributions typical of subgenus D, with various unique patterns. Particular care was taken to analyze multiple strains from the same patient, recovered as much as 8 months apart, for evidence of genetic changes. The possible long-term infections with these viruses may provide the opportunity for mutations and recombination to occur, with the resultant generation of a variety of new strains of adenoviruses.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1988

Persistent enteral infections with adenovirus types 1 and 2 in infants: no evidence of reinfection.

Isolates of adenovirus types 1 and 2, obtained from 11 infants with prolonged faecal excretion (up to 515 days), were compared by DNA restriction analysis with seven standard endonucleases which recognize hexanucleotides and two additional endonucleases which recognize tetranucleotides. In all instances identical genome types were identified in isolates obtained early and late after infection. Our interpretation of these data is that a chronic persistent infection occurred in these children, and not a reinfection with the same serotype.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMed1988

Adenoviruses from patients with AIDS: a plethora of serotypes and a description of five new serotypes of subgenus D (types 43-47).

We analyzed 67 adenovirus isolates from 48 patients with AIDS. The isolates included 5 of subgenus A (all Ad31), 23 of subgenus B, 4 of subgenus C (all Ad5), and 35 of subgenus D. The subgenus A and C strains were from liver, lung, blood, urine, and stool and were unremarkable in their antigenic characteristics. The subgenus B strains were mostly from urine and were serotyped by neutralization (SN) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) tests as Ad11 (12 isolates), Ad16 (1), Ad35 (3), and Ad21/H21 + 35 (1) plus new intermediate strains 34/H11 (3), 35/H11 (1), and 11 + 35/H11 (2). The subgenus D serotypes from 24 patients were mostly from stool specimens and consisted of 8 isolates of known serotypes, 16 of antigenically intermediate strains, and 11 of five new adenovirus types with distinct antigenic and restriction enzyme characteristics. The new serotypes were described as candidate types 43-47 in accordance with currently accepted taxonomic criteria. Ad45, 46, and 47 showed a major relation by HAI with Ad29, 24, and 20, respectively. Four intermediate types were related to the new serotypes. The plethora of serotypes from patients with AIDS suggests that no epidemiological significance can be attached to any one serotype.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1987

Serologically atypical adenovirus strains of subgenus D are different in their genome from the respective prototypes.

Seven adenovirus strains of subgenus D, related to adenovirus types 8, 10, 13, 19, 23, 24 and 26, but atypical in their serological reactions or in hemagglutinin properties, were characterized by neutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition. DNA restriction analysis with five endonucleases showed that each of the strains was strikingly different from the respective prototype.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1987

Gastroenteritis in infants, associated with a genome type of adenovirus 31 and with combined rotavirus and adenovirus 31 infection.

In an infants' ward, gastroenteritis occurred in five children in two groups, probably by nosocomial spread of adenovirus 31 (three cases) and adenovirus 31 + rotavirus (two cases). The infants recovered well. The DNA of adenovirus 31 isolates was analysed with ten restriction endonucleases and found identical for all five strains, but different from the prototype.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1987

A new human adenovirus of subgenus D: candidate adenovirus type 42.

A new serotype, candidate adenovirus type 42, a member of subgenus D, was isolated from the feces of a healthy child. It shared its hemagglutinin with adenovirus type 15, but had no relationship in neutralization to other human adenoviruses. It also had a distinct DNA restriction pattern.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1987

Serological and biochemical characteristics of intermediate adenovirus strains of subgenus D.

Ten serologically intermediate strains of subgenus D related to six different serotypes were characterized by neutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition and by DNA restriction analysis with the endonucleases BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, and SmaI. Each strain was a unique genome type. While the serologically identical strains showed only slight variations in their DNA, the comparison of the intermediate strains with the serologically related prototypes resulted in only moderate DNA relationship (53 to 73% comigrating fragments, with one exception). Hence the possibility that the intermediate strains have originated by recombination of two prototype-like strains is unlikely. One strain lost its cross-reactivity with AV19 in hemagglutination-inhibition after terminal dilution.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1986

COMAP: a comigrating analysis program for estimating the relationship of adenoviruses on the genome level.

The computer program COMAP is described that enables one to evaluate the relationship among adenovirus 6 strains by comigration analysis with regard to the genome. The required data were obtained by restriction analysis with several enzymes. The program is also important for identifying further adenovirus strains by DNA restriction analysis and to compare new restriction fragment patterns with stored data of known adenovirus strains. We believe that in this manner the DNA restriction analysis will become a valuable diagnostic procedure.

Adenoviridae↗

PubMed1986

DNA restriction analysis of adenovirus prototypes 1 to 41.

DNA restriction patterns of all known human adenovirus prototypes (1 to 41), ordered according to subgenera A to F, are presented for restriction endonucleases BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, and SmaI. This catalogue is a prerequisite for typing of adenoviruses by DNA restriction analysis in diagnostic laboratories and for strain identification in reference laboratories. To determine the genetic relationship of human adenoviruses within a subgenus and between subgenera, a pairwise analysis of comigrating fragments was performed. Adenoviruses of subgenus C were closely related. Adenoviruses of subgenus B showed two related clusters of four types each, whereas the numerous serotypes of subgenus D did not show any corresponding clustering. Little comigration was observed between DNA restriction fragments from members of subgenus A or F respectively.

Adenoviruses, Human↗

PubMed1986

Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus type 21 in the Netherlands and the Federal Republic of Germany from 1960 to 1985.

After a period of high prevalence in the early 1960s, adenovirus serotype 21 (Ad21) was identified in The Netherlands only very sporadically for more than 20 years. From December 1984 to July 1985, Ad21 was isolated relatively often from hospitalized children living in different parts of The Netherlands. The patients in question suffered from respiratory, gastrointestinal, meningeal, or ocular disorders. An increase in the incidence of Ad21 infections was also observed in the Federal Republic of Germany during this period. The DNAs of 93 isolates of Ad21 were subjected to restriction enzyme analysis with eight endonucleases. All 50 strains isolated in The Netherlands between 1960 and 1963 proved to be DNA variant Ad21/D2/20655/Netherlands/60. This variant has already been described (T. Adrian, R. Wigand, and J. C. Hierholzer, Arch. Virol. 84:79-89, 1985) as typical for the Ad21 strains circulating since 1960. Analysis of the DNAs of the 28 Ad21 strains isolated in The Netherlands or in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1984 and 1985 showed them to belong to two new, closely related DNA variants designated Ad21/D7/1857/Netherlands/84 and Ad21/D8/5398/Netherlands/85. The BglI and KpnI restriction profiles were characteristic for these recent DNA variants.

Adenoviridae Infections↗