Biomedical subjects

T Aikou

Publications and source records attributed to T Aikou.

222 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Risk prediction using histology of noncancerous liver before hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study is to elucidate the feasibility of the risk assessment of hepatic resection by histological evaluation of noncancerous liver in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: The study involved 78 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who had undergone a needle biopsy of noncancerous liver before hepatic resection. The histological activity index score which consists of four categories indicating the inflammatory activity and the degree of fibrosis was determined, and its association with complications after hepatic resection was examined. RESULTS: Postoperative complications occurred in 26 of the first 52 patients that underwent hepatic resection. A logistic analysis selected histological activity index score as an independent factor related to postoperative complications (Odds ratio 1.31, P < 0.02). Postoperative complications occurred more frequently in patients with a histological activity index score > or = 6 that had undergone resection of two or more segments (P < 0.05), and also in those with histological activity index score > or = 10 that had undergone segmentectomy or subsegmentectomy (P < 0.05). When the histological activity index score was taken into consideration in deciding operative procedures for a further 20 patients, the incidence of postoperative complications reduced considerably to 10%. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative histological evaluation of noncancerous liver by a needle biopsy may be helpful in deciding the operative procedure to avoid complications after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatocyte growth factor promotes liver regeneration and protein synthesis after hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatocyte growth factor, a potent mitogen for hepatocytes has been reported to be a hepatrophic factor in normal livers. In this study, the effect of exogenous hepatocyte growth factor on liver regeneration in cirrhotic rats was investigated, in vitro and in vivo. METHODOLOGY: Liver cirrhosis was induced by intraperitoneal injections of an emulsion, carbon tetrachloride and olive oil, twice weekly for 10 weeks. In vitro, various amounts of exogenous hepatocyte growth factor; 0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 ng/mL; were added to the hepatocytes isolated using in situ perfusion method. In vivo, partial hepatectomy (Hx), according to the procedure described by Higgins and Anderson, was performed on cirrhotic rats. Saline solution (control group) or 3 micrograms/kg of exogenous hepatocyte growth factor (HGF group) was then injected through the tail vein at intervals 12 hours after Hx. RESULTS: In vitro, DNA synthesis in hepatocytes obtained from cirrhotic livers increased following exogenous hepatocyte growth factor in dose-dependent fashion. In vivo, the labeling index of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine at 24 hours after Hx was markedly increased by exogenous hepatocyte growth factor (control, 10.0 +/- 3.1%; hepatocyte growth factor, 25.8 +/- 9.8%; P < 0.01). Furthermore, serum albumin at 24 and 72 hours and a normotest at 24 hours after Hx, were significantly higher in the HGF group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that exogenous hepatocyte growth factor may promote DNA synthesis and protein synthesis during liver regeneration after Hx with cirrhosis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Eosinophilic granuloma of the stomach mimicking gastric cancer, report of a case.

We report a rare case of eosinophilic granuloma of the stomach mimicking gastric cancer. A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital to undergo surgery for gastric tumor. Radiologic and endoscopic examination showed a protruding tumor with a deep ulcer at the anterior wall of the pylorus. Although malignant cells were not histologically confirmed in the biopsy specimens, subtotal gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed because gastric cancer was strongly suspected. The gross appearance of the tumor seemed to be that of a gastric cancer, but the histological diagnosis was eosinophilic granuloma. If submucosal tumor of the stomach is suspected, eosinophilic granuloma should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses. Endoscopic removal of the tumor may be useful to make a precise diagnosis before surgery.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Loco-regional treatment for esophageal cancer with bleomycin adsorbed to activated carbon particles.

Bleomycin (BLM) was adsorbed to activated carbon particles (BLM-CH), and the effective distribution of BLM in the regional lymph nodes and surrounding connective tissues was studied in 10 patients with mid-thoracic esophageal cancer. One ml of BLM-CH was injected submucosally into the tumor and normal esophageal wall endoscopically one or three days prior to operation. BLM activity was found both in the lymph nodes and connective tissues, not only in the mediastinal region but in the cervical and abdominal regions. Degenerative or inflammatory changes were microscopically observed in 6 out of 23 lymph nodes with metastatic foci. BLM-CH could be a useful tool in targeting chemotherapy for esophageal cancer.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Controlled release of cisplatin incorporated into biodegradable poly-d, l-lactic acid.

Using a melt-pressing technique, we produced a small solid cylinder containing cisplatin (CDDP) embedded in poly-d, l-lactic acid (CDDP-PLA). The in vitro release of CDDP from the polymer was examined in an immersion system. CDDP was released continuously for more than four weeks with no initial burst. Drug distribution for CDDP-PLA was compared with CDDP solution (CDDP-SOL) by subcutaneous administration into the back of rats. In the CDDP-PLA group, a high concentration of CDDP was maintained in the subcutaneous tissues near the implants for 20 days. However, in the CDDP-SOL group, the concentration of CDDP was low by 10 days after drug administration. CDDP-PLA may become a useful tool in locoregional chemotherapy as a solid type of drug delivery system with longlasting release.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and pathologic features of early gastric cancer in elderly patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this study was to review the Clinicopathologic features of early gastric cancer in elderly patients. METHODOLOGY: Three hundred and seventy-two patients who underwent resection for early gastric cancer were divided into groups of patients younger and older than 70 years. The clinical and pathologic findings surgical treatment, and perioperative complications in the group of elderly patients with early gastric cancer were reviewed and compared to those of the younger group. RESULTS: Gastric cancer involving the lower third of the stomach, as well as histopathologically well-differentiated carcinomas, were significantly more prevalent in the older group. Pre-operatively, the older patients had a higher incidence of respiratory dysfunction and hypertension. D1 lymph node dissections were chosen frequently for older patients. Six older patients died within 2 months of hospitalization, while no younger patients died within this period. The mortality rate mas 11% in older patients undergoing D2 or greater extents of node dissection, although the mortality rate was only 2% in older patients undergoing a D1 or less dissection. The 5-year survival rate for older patients, including deaths unrelated to cancer, was 71%, which was significantly lower than that in the younger group. However, when only mortality from gastric cancer was considered, patient survival did not differ according to age. CONCLUSION: Given the high mortality in elderly patients unrelated to early gastric cancer, we concluded that node dissection should be limited to perigastric nodes according to tumor location in such patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗