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T Anzai

Publications and source records attributed to T Anzai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Identification of the five essential histidine residues for peptidylglycine monooxygenase.

Peptidylglycine monooxygenase (PGM) is a copper-containing monooxygenase that plays a key role in the peptide C-terminal alpha-amidation. Comparative analysis of the amino acid sequences of rat, human, bovine and frog PGMs revealed that ten histidines (residues 107, 108, 172, 235, 242, 244, 279, 364, 366 and 367 in rat PGM) are conserved among the four species. We introduced site-directed mutations to the ten histidines of rat PGM and found that the mutation of His- 107-->Ala, His-108-->Ala, His-172-->Ala, His-242-->Arg or His-244-->Ala abolished the enzyme activity. The five mutant proteins lacking the enzyme activity bound to a substrate, Phe-Gly-Phe-Gly, as did the wild type PGM. These results along with available evidence indicate that the five histidine residues (His-107, 108, 172, 242 and 244) are essential for PGM activity, acting as copper ligands.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Early reduction of neurohumoral factors plays a key role in mediating the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for congestive heart failure.

This study examined the role played by neurohumoral factors in mediating the effects of beta-blocker therapy for congestive heart failure. Fifteen patients with congestive heart failure underwent beta-blocker therapy. Plasma norepinephrine and alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations decreased 2 weeks after initiation of beta-blocker therapy. Decrease in plasma norepinephrine level persisted for 6 months. Lymphocyte beta-adrenoceptor density increased 2 weeks after therapy but was not increased 6 months later. Left ventricular ejection fraction was unchanged 2 weeks after therapy, but it increased 6 months after introduction of beta-blockers. Plasma norepinephrine level decreased 2 weeks after the therapy in the responders (increase in ejection fraction > 0.10) but not in the nonresponders. Thus early reduction of neurohumoral factor levels preceded the late improvement of left ventricular contractile function and may therefore be partly responsible for the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for congestive heart failure.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Sudden hemorrhage of the breast caused by breast cancer without skin invasion: report of a case.

A rare case of sudden hemorrhage caused by breast cancer is herein presented. A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of bleeding from her left breast. On physical examination, a continuous hemorrhage accompanied by an open cavity formation was observed in her left breast. She had no history of breast trauma. Her bleeding profile studies and liver function were both normal. In addition, no anticoagulation medication had been administered. The histological findings of the cavity wall indicated invasive ductal carcinoma without skin invasion. After carrying out chemotherapy, a standard radical mastectomy was performed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Preinfarction angina as a major predictor of left ventricular function and long-term prognosis after a first Q wave myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of preinfarction angina after a first Q wave myocardial infarction. Patients with anterior or inferior myocardial infarction were compared. BACKGROUND: The effect of preinfarction angina on prognosis after anterior and inferior myocardial infarction remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 291 patients with a first Q wave anterior (n = 171) or inferior (n = 120) myocardial infarction were examined to assess the effect of preinfarction angina on short- and long-term prognosis. The relation between predischarge left ventriculographic findings and preinfarction angina was also examined. RESULTS: The presence of preinfarction angina was associated with lower peak creatine kinase activity, a lower in-hospital incidence of sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation and a lower incidence of pump failure and cardiac mortality in patients with either anterior or inferior infarction. Among patients with anterior infarction, preinfarction angina was associated with a lower incidence of cardiac rupture and less need for readmission for heart failure within 1 year after the onset of infarction. In this subgroup it was also associated with a higher ejection fraction, a smaller end-diastolic volume and a lower incidence of aneurysm formation noted on ventriculography during convalescence. In patients with inferior infarction, these variables did not differ significantly in the presence or absence of preinfarction angina. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the presence of preinfarction angina was an independent predictor of development of ventricular aneurysm, late phase heart failure and 1-year cardiac mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of preinfarction angina has a favorable effect on infarct expansion and late phase left ventricular function, especially in patients with anterior myocardial infarction. The mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not known but may be secondary to limitations of infarct size through unidentified mechanisms other than collateralization (e.g., ischemic preconditioning).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of lung cancer complicated with liver cirrhosis, esophageal varices and pancytopenia: a case report].

Left upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection were successfully performed in a 75-year-old man with lung cancer combined with liver cirrhosis, esophageal varices and pancytopenia. No postoperative complications were encountered due to appropriate fluid transfusion, sufficient administration of fresh frozen plasma and well-chosen antibiotics. In lung operations on patients with liver cirrhosis, it is important to determine the operative indication according to natural history of liver cirrhosis and lung cancer, operative risk and prognosis. Furthermore, the management with special attention to complicated conditions of liver cirrhosis is necessary at the time of surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Effect on short-term prognosis and left ventricular function of angina pectoris prior to first Q-wave anterior wall acute myocardial infarction.

The prognostic significance of angina pectoris before the development of first Q-wave anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was assessed in 153 patients. A total of 100 patients in this study had angina before Q-wave AMI, whereas 53 patients had no antecedent symptoms of angina. The presence of angina before AMI was associated with a lower incidence of complications including sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (7% vs 25%, p = 0.0022), pump failure (24% vs 47%, p = 0.0035), cardiac rupture (1% vs 17%, p = 0.0001), and a lower in-hospital mortality rate (11% vs 28%, p = 0.0067). The peak creatine phosphokinase activity was lower in patients with than without antecedent angina (1,727 +/- 1,238 vs 2,675 +/- 2,569 IU/liter, respectively, p = 0.023). There was no difference in the prevalence of multivessel coronary artery disease or the presence of collateral circulation between the 2 groups. Left ventriculography revealed a higher left ventricular ejection fraction (54 +/- 13% vs 46 +/- 11%, p = 0.034) and smaller left ventricular end-diastolic volumes (75 +/- 15 vs 86 +/- 18 ml/m2, p = 0.017) in patients with than without antecedent angina. These findings suggest that the presence of angina before AMI may be associated with a protective effect on left ventricular function during anterior wall AMI. Although the precise mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects are unknown, they may be related to the development of collateral channels or ischemic preconditioning.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Guillain-Barré syndrome with bilateral tonic pupils.

A 53-year-old patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome preceded by herpes simplex virus infection developed bilateral tonic pupils with light-near dissociation. Pharmacological tests for pupils suggested postganglionic involvement of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. A demyelinating process of peripheral autonomic nerves was suspected to be the cause of the tonic pupils and autonomic dysfunction.

Epinephrine↗
PubMed1994

[Perforation of the right ventricular wall and extraction into the left thoracic cavity by a permanent endocardial pacemaker lead: a case report].

A 80-year-old woman with right ventricular wall perforation and extraction into the left thoracic cavity by a permanent endocardial pacemaker (PM) lead was presented. The patient underwent an insertion of a permanent endocardial lead into the apex of the right ventricle for the treatment of sick sinus syndrome. The right ventricular perforation of the PM lead was incidentally diagnosed by recognizing it into the left thoracic cavity three months after the operation. Another PM lead could be inserted without removal of the former one.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Myelodysplastic syndrome associated with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma: simultaneous clinical improvement with chemotherapy.

A 75-year-old woman presented with anemia, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly and lingual tumor, but no constitutional symptoms. The laboratory data showed pancytopenia and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. A bone marrow aspirate represented an apparent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) feature, specifically, refractory anemia with excess of blasts. A lymph-node biopsy revealed the disappearance of normal architecture, small arborizing blood vessels, large lymphoid cells with prominent cytoplasm (so-called pale cells) and a clonal proliferation of T-lymphocytes. The patient was diagnosed as having MDS associated with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-like T-cell lymphoma. She was subsequently treated with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone for lymphoma which successfully induced a remission of not only the T-cell lymphoma but also the MDS. The case suggested that MDS might be a paraneoplastic complication of IBL-like T-cell lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A clinical study of the changes of bone lesions after parathyroidectomy in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism].

We evaluated the changes of the bone lesions and their relative bone findings before and after parathyroidectomy in 23 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Before the operation, all patients had bone and/or joint pain. In radiographic findings, subperiosteal bone resorption of the hand and a salt and pepper coloration of the skull were observed in all patients. Rugger jersey spine and the disappearance of the lamina dura were observed in about 90% of the patients. The bone mineral contents measured by single photon absorptiometry and digital image processing method had decreased in all of the patients compared with the mean values in sex- and age-matched controls. After the operation, the bone and/or joint pain had disappeared excluding three patients with recurrent hyperparathyroidism. The bone changes of the hand and the skull had improved in about 90% of the patients. However, the improvement rate was low in the vertebral and dental bone changes. The bone mineral contents increased significantly compared with the preoperative values. In recurrent cases, transient increase of the bone mineral contents was observed postoperatively. However, their values, were decreased gradually with the elevation of parathyroid hormone level. The evaluation of the bone lesions before and after parathyroidectomy not only indicates the effectiveness of the operation but also illustrates the function of the autotransplanted parathyroid tissues. We conclude that regular examination of the bone lesions after parathyroidectomy, paying attention to recurrent hyperparathyroidism and/or graft function, is mandatory.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Electropherotypes, serotypes, and subgroups of equine rotaviruses isolated in Japan.

Electropherotypes (ET), serotypes, and subgroups of equine rotaviruses isolated from foals in Japan were determined. The ETs of 136 isolates from 1981 through to 1991 were divided into six groups: ET-A-ET-F. The ET-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, and -F were present in 3, 1, 121, 9, 1, and 1 strains, respectively. Representative viruses of ET-A, -B, -C, and -D were identified as serotype G3. Viruses of ET-E and -F were identified as serotypes G 10 and G 5, respectively. The four representative viruses of serotype G 3 did not belong to either subgroup I or II. The two viruses of serotypes G 5 and G 10 belonged to subgroup I. Serotype G 3 strains possessing ET-C were prevalent among the foals throughout the study period.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Morphological studies on liver in septic state by mice with E. coli injection into the abdominal cavity].

The purpose of this study is to elucidate morphological changes in septicemic mice induced by an injection of E. coli into the abdominal cavity and to discuss the relationship between the clinical findings and morphological ones. The liver of septicemic mice was morphologically demonstrated, a) Kupffer cells entrapped bacteria and erythrocytes, and large lysosomes were found in Kupffer cells, b) hepatocytes with low dense cytosol increased, and in the hepatocytes, many conglomerations of lysosome and cytolysome, and degeneration of rER, sER and mitochondria were identified, c) intercellular bile canaliculus became narrow. The conclusion is as follows: 1) the increase of the serum level of T. bili is caused by the increase of the phagocyte of erythrocytes by Kupffer cells and by the dysfunction of bile transformation and transportation in hepatocytes, 2) the increase of the serum level of GOT, GPT and LDH is caused by the degeneration of mitochondria in hepatocytes, 3) the decrease of the capacity to synthesize protein and lipid is due to the degeneration of cell organelles in hepatocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Rapid growth of left ventricular thrombus leading to fatal heart failure in six hours.

A left ventricular (LV) thrombus grew rapidly over chronic endocarditis 2 months after anterior myocardial infarction. Echocardiograms demonstrated a rapidly growing LV thrombus an eventual obstruction. Despite anticoagulant/thrombolytic therapy, the patient died of acute LV failure. Histopathologically, a fresh thrombus overlay thickened endocardium with massive T lymphocyte infiltration over healed infarction.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

[A case of long-standing isolated traumatic tricuspid regurgitation with remarkably dilated right cardiac chambers and pancytopenia].

We report a rare case of tricuspid regurgitation due to nonpenetrating chest trauma 33 years previously. A 79-year-old man suffered a blunt trauma due to a piece of wood at work in 1958. He suffered multiple rib fractures on the right side and was admitted. Since then, he began having shortness of breath on exertion and was treated with medication. The patient was transferred to the Division of Cardiology, Hakodate National Hospital in 1984. A chest x-ray film revealed a marked cardiomegaly. Cardiac catheterization showed severe tricuspid regurgitation. Hepatomegaly and pancytopenia was observed. He was readmitted because of general fatigue in July 1991. Two-dimensional echocardiography demonstrated systolic excursion of septal and posterior tricuspid leaflets with ruptured chordae tendineae into the right atrium, and a remarkably enlarged right ventricule, right atrium and vena cava interior. Cardiac catheterization was performed. The right atrial pressure-wave form resembled the right ventricular pressure recording (ventricularization of the atrial pressure). Right ventricular cineangiography revealed severe tricuspid regurgitation, grade 4. Laboratory data showed pancytopenia. Thrombocytopenia progressed (3 x 10(4)/mm3), and a hemorrhagic tendency developed. The liver edge was palpable 4 finger breadths below the right costal margin. Pancytopenia due to congestive hepatomegaly and hypersplenism would have complicated this case.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of forearm flexor muscles in student rowers using an exercise protocol adjusted for differences in cross-sectional muscle area.

To assess exercise energy metabolism of forearm flexor muscles in rowers, six male student rowers and six control subjects matched for age and sex were studied using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS). Firstly, to adjust for the effect of differences in cross-sectional muscle area, the maximal cross-sectional area (CSAmax) of the forearm flexor muscles was estimated in each individual using magnetic resonance imaging. Multistage exercise was then carried out with an initial energy production of 1 J.cm-2 CSAmax for 1 min and an increment of 1 J.cm-2 CSAmax every minute to the point of muscle exhaustion. A series of measurements of 31P-MRS were performed every minute. The CSAmax was significantly greater in the student rowers than in the control subjects [19.8 (SD 2.2) vs 17.1 (SD 1.2) cm2, P less than 0.05]. The absolute maximal exercise intensity (J.min-1) was greater in the rowers than in the control subjects. However, the maximal exercise intensity per unit of muscle cross sectional area (J.min-1.cm-2) was not significantly different between the two groups. During mild to moderate exercise intensities, a decrease in phosphocreatine and an increase in inorganic phosphate before the onset of acidosis were significantly less in the rowers, indicating a requirement of less adenosine 5'-diphosphate to drive adenosine 5'-triphosphate production. The onset of acidosis was also significantly delayed in the rowers. No difference was observed in forearm blood flow between the two groups at the same exercise intensity (J.min-1.cm-2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The hearing loss in Wegener's granulomatosis: relationship between hearing loss and serum ANCA.

We observed the change of hearing for 1 year in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis. We also studied anti-human neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA), which is believed to be specific for this disease and to be associated with disease activity. From these progresses, changes in hearing were considered to be generally related with the general condition and with the ANCA titer level. Because hearing loss in our case was improved by steroids and immunosuppressants, and because ANCA is the autoantibody observed in angiitis syndrome, hearing loss in this case of Wegener's granulomatosis was suspected of being caused by angiitis of the middle and inner ear induced by autoimmune reaction.

Adult↗