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Biomedical subjects

T Asoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Asoh.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of beta-receptor blockade on the development of resistance to trauma in rats.

To study the mechanisms of the development of resistance to trauma, we examined the survival of a tumbling trauma using a Noble-Collip drum (40 rpm) by rats conditioned by sublethal drummings with and without prior administration of propranolol. The drum conditioning that consisted of four consecutive sublethal drummings (200, 350, 500, and 650 revolutions) induced increased resistance to an otherwise lethal drumming (800 revolutions) in rats without pretreatment of propranolol. Rats administered with propranolol 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip) prior to each sublethal drumming showed a mortality of 22% after the lethal drumming which was significantly less than the mortality of 92% in nonconditioned rats pretreated with propranolol. This increased resistance to a lethal trauma in rats conditioned by drummings with concurrent administration of propranolol was confirmed in another lot of rats. These results indicated that prior administration of propranolol 4 mg/kg ip did not inhibit the induction of trauma resistance by repeated sublethal drummings, suggesting the existence of a mechanism unaffected by this dose of propranolol.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1983

[Intra-arterial infusion through 2 routes in liver (primary and metastatic cancer].

Patients with unresectable liver cancer (primary and metastatic) were treated with a newly-devised arterial infusion chemotherapy using Cis-DDP and its antidote Sodium thiosulfate (STS). The patients consisted of 4 with primary hepatoma and 1 with metastatic liver cancer originated from intestinal cancer. For the purpose of reducing unfavourable side effects without changing anticancer effect, Cis-DDP was infused into hepatic artery through the catheter while STS being administered systemically. According to Koyama and Saito's criteria, 2 of 5 patients showed partial response (PR) and the others showed no change (NC). The median survival time after onset of therapy was 6.6 months ranging from 2 to 11 months in all the patients. The myelosuppression and renal toxicity, which were considered to be the most serious side effects of Cis-DDP, were not found and liver function was not affected in all the patients. However, all the patients complained of nausea and vomiting. Thus, our experience has indicated that this newly devised infusion chemotherapy is a promising method for treating unresectable liver cancer, although further efforts are necessary for reducing the gastrointestinal toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A new therapeutic antibody removal method using antigen positive red cells. Application to M-incompatible pregnant women.

A study was made for the therapeutic removal of red cell antibodies using antigen positive red cells. With preliminary experiments in vitro, the criteria for the optimal absorption of anti-M with O MM red cells were estimated to be the following: an incubation time of 10 min, an incubation temperature of 0-4 degree C (in an ice-water bath), and a red cell-to-plasma ratio of 1:2.5. On the basis of these in vitro experiments, the following procedure was designed. One unit (about 90 ml) of O MM packed red cells was added to a bag containing 250 ml of patient's plasma, the mixture was incubated in an ice-water bath for 10 min. Following centrifugation, autologous plasma from which the antibodies were removed was reinfused. After absorption the titer of anti-M fell from 512 to 4. No variation in the level of other plasma components was detected and no hemolysis was seen. After 2.51 of patient's plasma was treated using the above described method, the antibody titer usually decreased one log2 unit. When this method was compared with exchange plasmapheresis, no significant abnormalities in the immunoglobulin and hemostatic factors could be detected, but a moderate decrease in platelet count was seen after plasmapheresis. Thus, it appears that our method provides a rational therapeutic modality for specifically removing antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Preoperative physical training for cardiac patients requiring non-cardiac surgery.

Clinical significance of preoperative physical training was studied in 29 patients with cardiovascular diseases who were to undergo elective abdominal surgery. The exercise testing on admission revealed that 11 of the 29 were in inadequate physical condition. These 11 underwent a preoperative physical training program which proved to be effective in 7. The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the 4 patients with inadequate physical fitness than in the 25 patients who were fit. Two cardiac deaths occurred postoperatively in the former group, while no cardiac complication or death was found in the latter group. These results indicate that preoperative physical training is a useful adjunct to regular methods for estimating cardiac risk and also to reduce the risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of metabolic responses to surgery with beta-adrenergic blockade.

Glucose, lactate, non-esterified fatty acid and insulin levels in plasma were measured in two groups of 12 patients undergoing gastrectomy under general anaesthesia. Propranolol in a dose of 0.3 mg/kg body weight was intraoperatively infused in one of the two groups. Surgery under general anaesthesia elicited a significant rise in blood glucose, lactate and NEFA concentrations. These metabolic responses were significantly inhibited by intraoperative infusion of propranolol without producing any undesirable side effect. Plasma insulin levels showed a slight decrease during the operation and no significant difference was noted between the two groups. The results suggest that beta-adrenergic activity is playing a major role in these metabolic responses, promoting the mobilization of substrates. Possible benefits of inhibiting beta-adrenergic activation in surgical stress are discussed.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The feasibility of epidural anesthesia without endotracheal intubation for abdominal surgery in patients over 80 years of age.

To evaluate the efficacy of a single application of epidural anesthesia without endotracheal intubation for elderly patients over 80 years of age, the data on 108 patients who underwent abdominal surgery were analyzed for the occurrence of postoperative complications. These patients were classified into two groups according to the type of anesthesia performed: 66 received epidural anesthesia alone (Group I) and 42, general anesthesia under endotracheal intubation (Group II). There were no lethal pulmonary complications in Group I, whereas 2 patients (4.8%) died of respiratory failure resulting from pulmonary complications in Group II. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in Group I was 6.1%, which was significantly lower than the 28.6% observed in Group II (p < 0.005). The occurrence of pulmonary complications in Group I was not related to the operating time, while pulmonary complications frequently occurred in patients who underwent lengthy operations in Group II. These findings suggest that a single application of epidural anesthesia would improve the overall safety in performing abdominal surgery in elderly patients over 80 years of age.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The feasibility of epidural anesthesia without endotracheal intubation for abdominal surgery in patients with collagen diseases.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Patients with collagen diseases are generally regarded as high-risk surgical candidates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To evaluate the feasibility of epidural anesthesia and to determine the risk factors in abdominal surgery for patients with collagen diseases, 20 patients with collagen diseases who underwent elective abdominal surgery were examined for their surgical outcomes and clinical characteristics. Among the 20 cases, 12 received epidural anesthesia alone without endotracheal intubation, 3 received general anesthesia only, 4 received general anesthesia with epidural anesthesia and one received lumbar anesthesia. RESULTS: Only one patient receiving epidural anesthesia died after operation. The mortality in patients receiving epidural anesthesia was 8.3% (1/12) while the overall mortality was 5.0% (1/20). No significant difference was observed either in the mortality or incidence of postoperative complications among the 4 groups according to the method of anesthesia. Patients with a dysfunction of the vital organs more often had postoperative complications than those without a dysfunction of the vital organs (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: Although only a small number of patients were included in this study, these results suggested that 1) elective abdominal surgery can be as safely performed under epidural anesthesia alone as with general anesthesia even for patients with collagen diseases, and 2) the patients with collagen diseases, who preoperatively showed a dysfunction of the vital organs, might be at a higher risk for abdominal surgery.

Adult↗