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Biomedical subjects

T B Dodson

Publications and source records attributed to T B Dodson.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Donor site morbidity of greater auricular nerve graft harvesting.

To better understand the risks of obtaining greater auricular nerve (GAN) grafts, a retrospective analysis of 29 patients who underwent GAN graft procurement between 1985 and 1990 was conducted. No short-term morbidity was noted. Thirteen patients developed symptomatic nerve injuries, of which 6 reported spontaneous resolution in an average of 4.6 months. Three patients developed neuromas and 1 formed a hypertrophic scar. Persistent nerve injury symptoms were well tolerated in all but one patient, who developed sympathetic-mediated pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Fetal cleft lip repair in rabbits: histology and role of hyaluronic acid.

This study examines the histologic and biochemical features of wound healing in a cleft lip model in the mid-third-trimester fetal rabbit. At days 1, 2, and 4 after the procedure, control, unrepaired, and repaired fetal heads were obtained, sectioned, and stained for histologic examination. The localization of hyaluronic acid in the wound was documented using a cartilage-derived hyaluronic acid-binding protein. In both repaired and unrepaired wounds, the fetal cleft healed without inflammatory cell infiltration or scar formation. Six months after birth, the repaired cleft showed complete regeneration of muscle across the wound and the collagen fibers were of normal density and orientation. Decreased hyaluronic acid deposition was observed in unrepaired clefts as compared with adjacent tissue; no such difference was detected in repaired clefts. Our findings support the hypothesis that a cleft lip repaired in utero heals without the scarring that accompanies postnatal repair. This may explain the lack of maxillary growth restriction after in utero cleft lip repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A model for fetal cleft lip repair in lambs.

Fetal wounds heal without inflammation and scar formation. This phenomenon may, in the future, be applicable to human cleft lip and palate repair. However, extensive experimental work must first be done to document the benefits of in utero repair. We developed a large animal model for creation and repair of a complete cleft lip and alveolus using fetal lambs. The cleft lip and alveolus deformity was created in eight 75-day-gestation fetuses (term = 145 days) and either repaired in three layers or left unrepaired. There were four sham-operated fetuses, and all animals were alive at harvest. Repaired, unrepaired, and control fetuses were harvested at 7, 14, 21, and 70 days following surgery. The unrepaired fetuses demonstrated a complete cleft lip and alveolus with an oronasal fistula. The maxilla was asymmetrical, with the greater segment deviated toward the cleft and with decreased anterior maxillary width. In contrast, repaired cleft lip and alveolus animals showed no scar, normal thickness of the lip, and a symmetrical maxilla. Histologic analysis of the repaired wounds showed evidence of tissue regeneration without scar formation. The results of this preliminary study indicate that the fetal lamb cleft lip and alveolus model is technically feasible with an excellent survival rate. Healing occurs without scar formation. In the repaired animals, the maxilla was symmetrical. This model will be used to document facial growth following in utero repair of a cleft lip and alveolus.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1992

Risk factors associated with dental implants in healthy and medically compromised patients.

A total of 104 consecutive patients treated with 313 Nobelpharma implants was studied to determine the medical risks associated with dental implants. There did not appear to be an increased implant failure rate or an increase in perioperative morbidity in patients with a compromised medical status. Age; sex; and concurrent use of hypoglycemic agents, supplemental female hormones, or steroids also did not correlate with increased implant failure or perioperative morbidity. Implant procedures using a variety of pain-/anxiety-control agents failed to reveal any increase in anesthetic-related complications. However, the number of implants placed per patient did correlate with implant failure. It appears that implant surgery and the required anesthetic appear to be safe procedures even in the medically compromised patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Predictors of outcome in children hospitalized with maxillofacial infections: a linear logistic model.

The purpose of this study was to determine factors predictive of clinical outcome for pediatric patients with maxillofacial infections. Using linear logistic regression, four important variables, age, admission temperature, admission white blood cell count, and source of infection, were identified. Relevant study variables were abstracted from the records of all children less than 15 years old admitted to San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) with facial infections between 1982 and 1986 (n = 105). An unfavorable clinical outcome was defined as a length of hospital stay (LOS) greater than or equal to 4 days and/or the need for an operation to resolve the infection. A favorable outcome was a LOS less than 4 days and no operation. To develop and validate the linear logistic model, the original group of patients (n = 105) was divided into index and validation sets. The index set was created by randomly selecting 80 of the original patients. The model was then applied to a validation set of the 25 remaining children. The model predicted that 13.95 of the patients in the validation set would have an unfavorable outcome. The actual number of unfavorable outcomes was 16. To further test the model's validity, a third data set was collected. It was composed of pediatric patients admitted to SFGH between January 1, 1987 and June 30, 1989 (n = 24). The model predicted that 15.99 of these patients would have an unfavorable outcome; 17 patients actually did have an unfavorable outcome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

Fetal cleft lip repair in rabbits: postnatal facial growth after repair.

We have previously described a model for in utero cleft lip repair in rabbits. Cleft lip and alveolus (CL) were created in fetal rabbits at 24 days gestation (term, 31 days). In this study, postnatal maxillary growth was evaluated in three groups of animals: 1) unoperated controls, 2) unrepaired CL, and 2) repaired CL. The animals were killed at 4, 12, and 26 weeks after birth. Direct cephalometry was performed on dry skulls to evaluate premaxillary width, anterior maxillary length and width, and posterior maxillary width. The results of this study indicate that rabbits that undergo an in utero CL procedure, with or without repair, exhibit no significant decrease in maxillary length and width when compared with controls.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1990

A rabbit model for fetal cleft lip repair.

Recent clinical and experimental data indicate that fetal wound healing occurs without the accompanying inflammation and scar formation typical of postnatal wounds. The lack of scar tissue may have significant implications for craniomaxillofacial surgery. This report documents the development of a model for fetal cleft lip repair in rabbits. The survival rate for the first 47 fetuses was 76.6%.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Fixation of mandibular fractures: a comparative analysis of rigid internal fixation and standard fixation techniques.

This study used a prospective design to compare standard therapy (closed or open reduction with 4 weeks of maxillomandibular fixation) to rigid internal fixation (RIF) for the treatment of mandibular fractures. Ninety-two patients with 143 fractures were evaluated and treated. There was no statistically significant difference in the treatment results between the two groups, despite a bias in the distribution of study variables that favored the standard therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pediatric maxillofacial infections: a retrospective study of 113 patients.

This is a retrospective review of 113 hospitalized children with maxillofacial infections. The upper face (orbits, paranasal sinuses, maxillary teeth, and cheeks) was affected most frequently in younger children (mean age = 4.03 years), and the source of infection was often unknown. The patients were treated empirically with a second-generation cephalosporin. Lower-face infections (mandibular teeth, submental, sublingual, and submandibular structures) occurred more frequently in older children (mean age = 5.56 years) and were likely to be of odontogenic origin. Empiric therapy in lower face infections usually consisted of penicillin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Postoperative pulse oximetry of patients in maxillomandibular fixation.

Following oral and maxillofacial surgery requiring maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), patients are at risk for respiratory problems that may result in decreased arterial oxygen saturation. As a pilot study, oxygen saturation was continuously monitored for 36 hours in 34 patients having 37 procedures requiring MMF. There were 28 hypoxic episodes in 12 patients. These observations emphasize the need for continuous respiratory monitoring during the postoperative period for patients in MMF, even when supplemental oxygen is used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Liquid crystal thermography as a diagnostic aid and objective monitor for TMJ dysfunction and myogenic facial pain.

Liquid crystal contact thermography was used to assess both normal control patients and patients with temporomandibular joint and myofascial pain. The technique appears capable of detecting temperature changes around the TMJ and muscles of mastication. Patients with painful internal derangements of the TMJ have warm areas over the joint, and those with myogenic facial pain symptoms have areas of variable temperature over the masseter muscle. After successful nonsurgical treatment of these conditions, the thermograms return to normal.

Facial Pain↗
PubMed1988

California mandatory seat belt law: the effect of recent legislation on motor vehicle accident related maxillofacial injuries.

This study evaluated the effects of the California mandatory seat belt law on prevention of motor vehicle accident (MVA)-related maxillofacial injuries. The records of 950 MVA-related injury victims treated at San Francisco General Hospital during comparable 3-month periods in 1985 (451) and 1986 (499) were reviewed to assess the effect of seat belt legislation on reduction of maxillofacial trauma. No significant difference was found in the injury severity scores between the two study periods. In addition, this study did not confirm the reported beneficial effect of seat belt legislation on reduction of MVA-related facial injuries in California. This finding was attributed to poor compliance with the law (50.3% compliance rate).

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

Ibuprofen in the treatment of UV-B-induced inflammation.

Ibuprofen and placebo were compared in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study of 19 psoriatic patients receiving UV-B phototherapy to evaluate the symptomatic relief of UV-B-induced inflammation. Signs and symptoms of UV-B-induced inflammation (erythema, pruritus, skin pain, general discomfort, and nocturnal restlessness) were assessed for each treatment. An evaluation of 104 treatments disclosed that, although ibuprofen significantly reduced technician-observed erythema, it was not significantly different from placebo for the five other end points studied. Separate evaluations of higher dose UV-B treatments showed a small, but statistically significant, reduction with ibuprofen for four of the six end points evaluated. The data suggest that ibuprofen is more effective than placebo for the relief of symptoms associated with UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis, but the drug has limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses.

Adult↗