Barrett's esophagus after total gastrectomy.
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Barrett Esophagus↗
Biomedical subjects
T B Halvorsen
Publications and source records attributed to T B Halvorsen.
Influence of mucinous components on survival in colorectal adenocarcinomas: a multivariate analysis.
Of 534 resected colorectal adenocarcinomas, 165 (31%) contained some mucinous components; these represented the main part of the tumour in 67 (13%). Of the mucin containing tumours, 63 (38%) were in the right colon compared with 50 (13%) of the non-mucinous ones (p less than 0.001). Patients with predominantly mucinous tumours were significantly older than those with non-mucinous tumours, and they tended to present with tumours at a more advanced stage. A multivariate analysis did not show any significant independent prognostic influence of the mucinous component except when this had a predominantly signet ring cell pattern.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Degree of differentiation in colorectal adenocarcinomas: a multivariate analysis of the influence on survival.
Three hundred and sixty eight resected colorectal adenocarcinomas were graded (WHO) retrospectively and the results correlated with estimated length of patient survival. In 30 (82%) of the tumours more than one degree of differentiation was found. Histological grade significantly influenced survival time when other explanatory variables such as tumour site and stage, age, and sex were adjusted for. The results suggested that three degrees of differentiation (well, moderate, and poor) are sufficient for the grading of colorectal carcinomas, and that grading should be based on the predominating degree of differentiation represented in the primary tumour.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Epithelial ovarian tumor in a phenotypic male.
Laparotomy in a 41-year-old married man with non-treated left cryptorchidism revealed female internal genitals on the left side, and an epithelial ovarian tumor of intermediate malignancy. Germinal malignancies are frequent in intersexes, but non-germinal gonadal neoplasms are rare. This is the second reported case of epithelial ovarian tumor in intersexes, and the first case of epithelial ovarian tumor in an intersex registered as male.
Adult↗
Tumour site: a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer? A multivariate analysis.
Data from 753 patients with single adenocarcinomas of the large intestine diagnosed and treated at Trondheim Regional and University Hospital between 1964 and 1978 were studied to determine the influence of tumour site on survival by adjusting for tumour stage, age, and sex. The Cox regression model was used. Although the clinicopathologic stage had the strongest association with prognosis, the tumour site independently influenced the mortality, which increased from the right colon via the transverse/left part of the colon to the rectum.
Adult↗
The penetration of ceftazidime into the inflamed rabbit eye.
Acute endophthalmitis was unilaterally induced in 8 rabbits by intravitreal injection of 5 micrograms Escherichia coli endotoxin. A reproducible increase in aqueous humour polymorphonuclear neutrophils and total protein content was observed after 24 h (mean +/- SD: 2400 +/- 274 X 10(6)/l and 3.7 +/- 0.4 g/l, respectively). In the opposite eye only minor changes occurred, making it suitable as a paired control. The intraocular penetration of ceftazidime was then studied in 30 rabbits after i.v. injection of 50 mg/kg body weight. The mean penetration into aqueous humour of the eyes with and without endophthalmitis was 64 and 10%, respectively. In the vitreous body the corresponding penetration was 5 and 1%. The concentration of ceftazidime achieved in the intraocular structures was sufficient to inhibit the growth of pathogens, i.e. Enterobacteriaceae, commonly responsible for intraocular infections.
Animals↗
Statistical analysis of clinicopathological features, radiotherapy, and survival in 170 cases of oligodendroglioma.
The postoperative survival time of 170 nonrandomized patients treated for cerebral oligodendrogliomas in Norway from 1953 to 1977 was studied. Survival times were significantly prolonged if postoperative irradiation was performed in addition to surgery (median survival time 26.5 vs. 38 months, p = 0.039). In the group without postoperative radiotherapy, the 5-year rate of survival was 27% compared with 36% in the irradiated patients. The respective survival rates after 8 years were 14% versus 17%; thus, there was little effect on long-term survival. Irradiation appears not to be of benefit after "total" removal. Patients with partly resected lesions appeared to benefit from postoperative radiotherapy; the median survival period after subtotal tumor resection was 37 months with and 26 months without radiotherapy (p = 0.0089). The findings also indicate that irradiation doses between 40 and 50 Gy were as effective as doses between 50 and 60 Gy in increasing the patients' probability of surviving 5 years after subtotal tumor resection. Since the risk of radiation necrosis is proportional to the dose applied, the lower dose is recommended. These conclusions were also valid when adjustments were made for prognostically significant histological and clinical features.
Brain Neoplasms↗
Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in patients with biliary tract disease.
After administration of ceftazidime as a 1 g i.v. bolus injection, its concentration was measured by HPLC at frequent intervals in serum, bile and tissue from different parts of the biliary tract in 32 patients undergoing operation for biliary tract disease. In bile from the functioning gallbladder and common bile duct, a high concentration of ceftazidime was found, mean 18.5 and 26.6 mg/l, respectively. In bile from the non-functioning gallbladder, a very low concentration was found (less than 1.5 mg/l). Ceftazidime in the gallbladder wall varied considerably with the type and degree of inflammation judged histologically; the mean level was 21.3 mg/kg. The elimination half-life of ceftazidime was 1.74 h, apparent volume of distribution 20.01 and total plasma clearance 133 ml/min. In bile from T-tube specimens a high concentration was found, the mean peak values being 27.2 mg/l. However, biliary excretion of the drug was low at less than 0.5% of the administered dose. These concentrations of ceftazidime were sufficient to inhibit the in-vitro growth of pathogens, namely the Enterobacteriaecae commonly responsible for biliary tract infection.
Adult↗
Oligodendroglioma. Histologic evaluation and prognosis.
All oligodendrogliomas registered in Norway during a 25-year period (1953-1977) were studied to establish the frequency of different histologic features and to compare them with survival data of the patients. The minimum observation time was five years. The original tumor specimens from 208 patients were independently reexamined by two pathologists. The characteristic oligodendroglioma of this series was of medium cell density (53% of lesions), with moderate nuclear atypia, with vascular endothelial proliferation (53%), calcification (56%), with from one to five mitotic figures per ten high power fields, and without microcystic degenerative changes (58%). Subpial tumor cell infiltration, perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and local leptomeningeal invasion were present in a minority of cases. In 11 cases autopsy material was the only source of diagnosis. Microcysts, necrosis, and cell density were the only histologic features of prognostic significance. Subpial infiltrative growth was of suggestive prognostic value. There was no significant association between the number of mitotic figures and survival. Vascular endothelial proliferation, calcification, pronounced nuclear atypia, perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and local leptomeningeal invasion were of no significant prognostic value. Age at operation did not alter these conclusions, neither did sex nor duration of preoperative symptoms.
Cell Nucleus↗
Site distribution of colorectal adenocarcinomas. A retrospective study of 853 tumours.
The site distribution of 853 histologically verified colorectal adenocarcinomas diagnosed at a Norwegian regional hospital from 1964 through 1978 was studied retrospectively. There was a notable increase in the annual number of diagnosed tumours from the first to the last 5-year period of the study. No significant change in site distribution could be found. Men had a higher proportion of rectal cancer than women (43% versus 31%) and a lower proportion of tumours of the right and transverse colon (29% versus 38%). Significant differences in site distributions between men and women, however, were found only in the age group above 60 years. Of the colorectal tumours in the present series 20% were within the reach of the examining finger on rectal examination.
Adenocarcinoma↗
ABO blood groups, rhesus types, and colorectal adenocarcinoma. A retrospective study of 747 cases.
The distribution of ABO blood groups and Rh types was studied retrospectively in 747 patients with single adenocarcinomas of the large intestine. The distributions were similar to those of healthy blood donors. Rh- patients had a more favourable stage distribution than Rh+ patients. The proportion of patients with localized disease was higher for Rh- patients than for Rh+ patients (66% versus 46%), whereas metastases into regional lymph nodes were more common among Rh+ patients (23% versus 9%). The observed relationship between Rh type and stage distribution suggests that Rh+ patients with colorectal cancer are less protected against tumour spread than Rh- patients, especially with regard to regional lymph node metastases.
ABO Blood-Group System↗
Oligodendroglioma: incidence and biological behavior in a defined population.
The cases of 208 patients with histologically confirmed oligodendrogliomas were studied. The incidence represents 4.2% of all primary brain tumors diagnosed in the Norwegian population over a 25-year period. All of these tumors were cerebral and the majority affected the frontal lobe. The patients' median age at diagnosis was 47 years, with a range from 3 to 76 years; 6% of the oligodendrogliomas occurred in children. The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 20.5 months (mean 43 months). Plain skull x-ray films showed calcified deposits in 28% of the tumors. At operation, most of the tumors were poorly defined, without cyst formation, hematoma necrosis, or calcification. The median duration of disease from onset of symptoms until death was 14 months in nine untreated cases. In surgically treated oligodendroglioma patients the median survival time from onset of symptoms was 74 months. The median postoperative survival time was 35 months (mean 52 months). Tumor calcification, as seen on plain skull x-ray films, was associated with a significantly longer survival period. The surgical findings of gross necrosis, gross hypervascularity, and soft tumor consistency were all related to a shorter total duration of disease. Grossly well demarcated lesions were associated with a significantly longer postoperative survival. The length of postoperative survival correlated with the preoperative clinical status. The cumulative proportion of patients surviving 5 years was 0.342. The patient's age and sex did not have a statistically significant influence on survival time. The extent of surgical excision only seemed to play a role when the neurosurgeon considered that he had removed the whole lesion: these patients had a median postoperative survival period 14 months longer than the other oligodendroglioma patients. The ABO blood group of the oligodendroglioma patient was of prognostic value. In particular, patients with blood group A had a distinctly poorer prognosis than patients with O or B blood. The survival data from this unselected series indicate that cerebral oligodendrogliomas have a less favorable prognosis than has generally been believed.
Adolescent↗
Treatment with secretin and a cholecystokinin-like peptide in patients with pancreatic cancer. A pilot study.
Secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) have trophic effects on the pancreas and may therefore have a place in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The present study was performed to examine whether these hormones may cause harm in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving cytostatics. The cytostatics were 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and mitomycin C(FAM). Secretin plus Thr28Nle31CCK25-33, in doses stimulating pancreatic secretion to about 60% of maximal, were given as a continuous 6-day intravenous infusion just before (four patients) or immediately after (five patients) starting treatment with FAM. Five patients received FAM only. When considering symptoms, laboratory findings, abdominal CT scans, and survival, no evidence was found that secretin and CCK may cause serious or unpleasant side effects in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving cytostatics.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Lipomembranous osteodysplasia: a case report.
A case is reported of symmetrical cystic bone destruction in a young woman; in the affected areas bony tissue was replaced by a lipomembranous material and the lesions show unique features on electron and light microscopy. The patient suffered from skeletal pain and spontaneous fractures occurred in weightbearing bones. The bony disease was associated with psychiatric signs of leucoencephalopathy and brain atrophy. The aetiology is unknown, but it is possible that the condition may have a genetic basis. Treatment can only be directed towards the relief of symptoms.
Adult↗
Characterization of immunoglobulins in Hodgkin cells.
Fifteen of 42 formalin-fixed lymph-node biopsies with Hodgkin lesions of different histological types and stages gave positive staining for immuno-globulins by the peroxidase/antiperoxidase method. The immunoglobulins in all the positively stained Hodgkin cells were of IgG type, but staining for IgA, D and E was negative. One of the 15 biopsies was positive for IgM. Thirteen of the 15 positive biopsies were positive for both kappa and lambda. Sequential double staining using two different substrates for peroxidase showed that most of the Hodgkin cells simultaneously contained light chains of both kappa and lambda type. It is concluded that Hodgkin cells do not contain a "monoclonal" immunoglobulin product.
Hodgkin Disease↗
DNA content in adenoid cystic carcinomas.
BACKGROUND: A retrospective study was performed on 51 patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas to see whether DNA ploidy, tumor stage, and histopathologic grading correlated with prognosis. METHODS: Histopathologic grading was performed according to Szanto et al and DNA content was estimated from archived material using the technique by Hedley et al. RESULTS: Thirty-nine tumors were DNA diploid and 12 were DNA aneuploid. Histologic grade III was more often associated with DNA aneuploidy than the lower grades (p = 0.011). DNA ploidy also correlated with clinical stage (p = 0.011). Log-rank analysis and Cox regression analysis of treatment failures revealed significant findings for S-phase value and DNA ploidy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that DNA ploidy estimations, S-phase value, and histologic grading are prognostic factors in adenoid cystic carcinomas. These examinations should therefore be incorporated in the evaluation of patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas.
Adult↗