Biomedical subjects

T Baguley

Publications and source records attributed to T Baguley.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Long-term memory for spatial and temporal mental models includes construction processes and model structure.

There is a strong case that people construct and manipulate mental models in working memory but relatively little evidence that mental models are preserved in long-term memory. Instead people may remember an episodic construction trace: a record of the operations used to construct a mental model (Payne, 1993). Experiment 1 investigated memory for determinate spatial descriptions (which describe a single configuration of objects) and indeterminate spatial descriptions (which describe two equally plausible configurations). Recognition performance was impaired when the overlap between the episodic construction trace of a description at learning and at test was disrupted by reordering the sentences within a description. Participants were better at remembering the gist of determinate descriptions than that of indeterminate descriptions. For indeterminate descriptions, provided differences in gist recognition were controlled, participants showed better memory for the original description. Experiment 2 showed a similar pattern of results with temporal descriptions. A third experiment manipulated the similarity between foils in the recognition test and the original descriptions to provide further evidence for both episodic construction trace and remembered mental models. In combination, these results favour a hybrid account of memory for mental models, which includes information about both construction processes and model structure.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Recognition memory for sentences from spatial descriptions: a test of the episodic construction trace hypothesis.

Many researchers believe that when people read spatial descriptions, they construct mental models of the configurations described. Payne (1993) proposed that reading a spatial description produces a memory of the operations used to construct a mental model, an episodic construction trace. The episodic construction trace hypothesis predicts that memory for a spatial description will be influenced by the degree of overlap between the construction processes required by the original description and the construction processes prompted by an item in a recognition test. The two experiments reported here show that readers of spatial descriptions are more likely to accept sentences in a recognition test that are consistent with the operations used to construct a mental model than to accept sentences that are inconsistent. Consistency with the episodic construction trace leads to both correct recognition of verbatim sentences from the original description and false recognition of sentences that were not present in the original descriptions.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Resolving semantically induced tip-of-the-tongue states for proper nouns.

Three experiments are reported in which tip-of-the-tongue states (TOTSs) were induced in subjects by reading them pieces of item-specific information. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects attempted to name famous people. These experiments showed that, in a TOTS, seeing a picture of the face of the target person did not facilitate naming, whereas the initials of the person's name did. In Experiment 3, a similar result was obtained with a landmark-naming task. The results of the experiments are discussed with reference to current models of memory structure and name retrieval.

Adult↗