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Biomedical subjects

T Bergh

Publications and source records attributed to T Bergh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Return of menstruation and normalization of prolactin in hyperprolactinemic women with bromocriptine-induced pregnancy.

Fifty-eight hyperprolactinemic women were followed up for 13 to 108 months after at least one bromocriptine-induced pregnancy for investigation of whether the pregnancy had any adverse long-term effects on the hyperprolactinemic state. Fifteen women had two term pregnancies. The prolactin (PRL) level decreased greater than 50% in 20 women after the pregnancy. Only two women showed a PRL level increase. Spontaneous uterine bleedings returned in 16 women, whereas 42 remained amenorrheic. Thus, bromocriptine-induced pregnancy in women with hyperprolactinemia has no negative long-term effect on PRL secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pulsatile GnRH therapy--an alternative successful therapy for induction of ovulation in infertile normo- and hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoeic women with pituitary tumours.

Pulsatile treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was given to induce ovulation in 3 infertile, amenorrhoeic women with pituitary tumours not suitable for conventional therapy with human gonadotrophins or dopamine agonists. Two of the women had prolactinomas and the third a non-secreting adenoma. The GnRH therapy resulted in ovulations in all the 3 women, in 2 of them despite marked hyperprolactinaemia. Two women conceived and had term pregnancies. One pregnancy was uneventful while the woman with the non-secreting tumour developed symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. These symptoms rapidly disappeared when bromocriptine therapy was instituted. Chronic pulsatile GnRH administration is an effective alternative treatment for induction of ovulation in some amenorrhoeic women with pituitary tumours.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Bromocriptine-induced regression of a suprasellar extending prolactinoma during pregnancy.

A 21-year-old amenorrheic woman with hyperprolactinemia had rapid pituitary tumor enlargment during a bromocriptine-induced pregnancy. Before treatment the sella turcica was normal. In the 31st week of pregnancy she developed bitemporal hemianopsia and markedly decreased visual acuity. Computerized tomography showed a pituitary adenoma with suprasellar extension. Reinstitution of bromocriptine therapy resulted in rapid recovery of normal vision and radiologically verified tumor regression. Pregnancy continued to term and a healthy child was born. If pituitary tumor complications should occur during pregnancy, reinstitution of bromocriptine is the primary treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Photosensitivity in South Africa. IV. Pathological changes in the liver in ovine photosensitivity caused by the plant Asaemia axillaris (Thunb.) Harv. Ex Jackson.

Hepatic lesions in 4 field cases of ovine hepatogenous photosensitization caused by the plant, Asaemia axillaris (Thunb.) Harv. Ex Jackson, are described. The liver was usually swollen, friable and yellowish-brown, with distinct lobulation. Microscopically, the lesions ranged from peripheral coagulative necrosis in 1 animal to others with scattered single cell or small foci of necrosis as well as hepatocellular degeneration and unrest, ductular proliferation, portal fibroplasia and cholestasis. The liver lesions are compared with those of previously reported experimental cases of A. axillaris poisoning in sheep. The significance of zonal necrosis and factors that may have a bearing on their production in different hepatotoxic plant poisoning in sheep and cattle in South Africa are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Bromocriptine-induced pregnancies in women with large prolactinomas.

Fourteen women with large prolactinomas experienced a total of nineteen bromocriptine-induced term pregnancies. None of the women had received prior pituitary tumour therapy. Post-partum sellar X-ray examinations showed signs of tumour enlargement in two women. Only one of them had clinical symptoms of tumour expansion with visual field defects during the pregnancy. The visual impairment improved when bromocriptine treatment was reinstituted and the pregnancy continued to term. The other twelve women had a total of seventeen uneventful pregnancies without symptoms or signs of pituitary tumour expansion. Thus, medical therapy with dopamine receptor agonists is the primary treatment for most infertile women with prolactinomas. The risk of serious pregnancy-induced tumour expansion is very small in properly investigated and carefully supervised patients with large PRL-secreting pituitary adenomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Menstrual function and serum prolactin levels after long-term bromocriptine treatment of hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea.

Long-term bromocriptine treatment was discontinued in thirty-seven women with hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea. After cessation of therapy thirty of the thirty-seven women became hyperprolactinaemic again with amenorrhoea or anovulatory bleeding. Seven of the women continued to have regular ovulatory menstruation but only three were normoprolactinaemic 3 months after stopping treatment. Two of the seven women had evidence of pituitary tumour regression. After the discontinuation they had nearly normal prolactin levels but during 2 years of follow up the serum prolactin levels slowly increased. In the twenty-seven women with pre treatment prolactin levels below 100 micrograms/I there was no difference between the prolactin levels before starting and 1 month after stopping treatment, while the women with pretreatment prolactin levels above 100 micrograms/l had lower levels after therapy. Bromocriptine treatment seldom results in permanent cure of hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Rapid regression of pituitary tumours during bromocriptine treatment of women with hyperprolactinaemia.

Four hyperprolactinaemic women with large pituitary adenomas with suprasellar extension were given primary tumour therapy with bromocriptine. The treatment resulted in rapid tumour regression in all the women, as verified by repeated computerized tomography (CT) scans. Pronounced visual field defects were present in three of the four women before treatment. All of them had marked improvement of vision within a few days after the initiation of bromocriptine therapy and they regained normal or nearly normal visual fields during the treatment. The raised serum prolactin concentrations decreased to normal levels in all the women. Thus, medical treatment with bromocriptine can induce rapid tumour regression in patients with hyperprolactinaemia and large pituitary tumours.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Effects of bromocriptine-induced pregnancy on prolactin-secreting pituitary tumours.

Twenty-eight women with hyperprolactinaemia and amenorrhoea received bromocriptine treatment which resulted in 31 term pregnancies. Bromocriptine treatment was stopped as soon as pregnancy was established. Nineteen of the women had radiological signs of a pituitary tumour. The pregnancies were clinically uneventful in all cases except one who developed headache. Post-partum sellar X-ray showed pregnancy-induced enlargement of the pituitary fossa in 4 of the 28 women. Regression of the radiological changes occurred in 3 of the 4 women within 2 years after the delivery. The women with abnormal sellar X-rays had no difference in the mean prolactin levels before treatment and after pregnancy and lactation while all the women with normal sellae had lower prolactin levels after pregnancy than before. Three women resumed regular spontaneous menstruations after pregnancy and lactation but only one conceived again. Thus, serious pituitary tumour complications are rare in hyperprolactinaemic women with bromocriptine-induced pregnancies. The pregnancy does not worsen the condition. Resolution of hyperprolactinaemia after bromocriptine-induced pregnancy is an unfrequent finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Bromocriptine treatment of seven women with primary amenorrhoea and prolactin-secreting pituitary tumours.

Seven women with primary amenorrhoea and hyperprolactinaemia were treated with bromocriptine. All the women had started to develop secondary sex characteristics at normal age but pubertal development stopped and menarche did not occur. Radiological signs of a pituitary tumour were found in all the women. Before the pituitary tumour was diagnosed, four women had been given longterm cyclical oestrogen replacement therapy. Three women had received primary tumour therapy with surgery and/or irradiation but had persistent hyperprolactinaemia. The basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were low in four of the women while all the women had normal basal levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and normal or exaggerated gonadotrophin responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). None of the women had evidence of endogenous oestrogen production before treatment. Bromocriptine treatment normalized the raised serum prolactin levels (46-2900 microgram/l) in all but one woman, in whom the prolactin level decreased from 160 to 38 microgram/l. Regular ovulatory menstrual cycles appeared in four women, one of whom had previously been treated by transsphenoidal adenomectomy followed by external irradiation. Two other women with persistent hyperprolactinaemia after previous surgical and/or irradiation treatment of large pituitary tumours did not menstruate after more than one year of treatment with bromocriptine. One infertile patient with a microadenoma conceived at the first ovulation on therapy and developed symptoms and signs of tumour growth during pregnancy.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1979

Inhibitory effects on gonadotrophin secretion and gonadal function in men during chronic treatment with a potent stimulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue.

Long-term treatment with the potent and long-acting stimulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) analogue D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH was given to 4 healthy men to study its effects on pituitary gonadotropin secretion and gonadal function. Five micrograms of the LRH agonist was self-administered sc once daily over 17 weeks. Weekly basal blood samples were obtained for determination of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolacting (PRL) and testosterone. The gonadotrophin responses to the LRH analogue were also determined during the treatment period. LRH tests were performed after treatment. Seminal fluid specimens were collected during and after treatment. A reduction of the basal serum gonadotrophin and testosterone levels were observed during the treatment period. The FSH and LH responses to the analogue were also diminished. After discontinuation of treatment the gonadotrophin and testosterone concentrations returned to pre-treatment levels within a week. The PRL levels and the seminal fluid specimens did not show any significant changes during the study period. The results suggest that chronic treatment with D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH has an inhibitory effect on the pituitary gonadotrophin secretion in healthy men. It seems likely that the reduced testosterone level is secondary to the diminished gonadotrophin secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A specific form of abomasal phytobezoar in goats and sheep.

A specific form of phytobezoar in goats and sheep is described with regard to epizootology, symptomatology, gross pathology, and gross morphology of the bezoars. The probable mode of formation and control measures are also discussed.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1978

Clinical course and outcome of pregnancies in amenorrhoeic women with hyperprolactinaemia and pituitary tumors.

Seventeen term pregnancies occurred in 14 amenorrhoeic women with hyperprolactinaemia and radiological evidence of pituitary tumour. The abortion rate was high (32%). All but one of the term pregnancies occurred after ovulation-inducing treatment with human gonadotrophins and bromocriptine (four and 12 pregnancies respectively). Two of the 14 women had visual complications during pregnancy, but neither had serious residual visual impairment. Two patients had possible pituitary enlargement during pregnancy.Bromocriptine may be the most suitable primary treatment for many infertile women with prolactin-secreting tumours. Tumour complications during pregnancy are a definite risk, but most pregnancies went uneventfully to term. Patients with pituitary tumour should be carefully evaluated before starting ovulation-inducing treatment with bromocriptine alone, and they should be told of the possible risks and of the advantages and disadvantages of pretreatment with irradiation or surgery. Patients should be carefully monitored during pregnancy and have their visual fields checked frequently. If visual complications due to tumour enlargement occur during a pregnancy, reinstituting bromocriptine may be the treatment of choice. If this fails, other forms of treatment such as induction of labour, high-dose corticosteroid treatment, pituitary implantation of yttrium-90, or surgery may be effective.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Regression of a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor during long-term treatment with bromocriptine.

A nulliparous woman with 12 years of amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and hyperprolactinemia and radiologic evidence of a pituitary macroadenoma was treated with large doses of bromocriptine. During treatment the greatly increased prolactin levels normalized and ovulatory menstrual cycles were regained after 48 weeks of treatment. A transsphenoidal surgical exploration of the pituitary fossa was performed after 27 months of treatment. The findings at surgery suggested that regression of the pituitary adenoma had occurred during the prolonged treatment with bromocriptine. After discontinuation of the therapy, the patient continued to ovulate and subsequently conceived.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Serum prolactin and gonadotrophin levels before and after luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the investigation of amenorrhoea.

An intravenous luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) test was performed in 287 women with amenorrhoea. Prolactin, progesterone and oestrogens in serum were also measured. Twenty-four women with premature ovarian failure and 9 with gonadal dysgenesis had raised basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Neither the basal luteinizing hormone (LH) level nor the gonadotrophin responses after LRH gave a better separation of this group of women with irreversible ovarian failure. Measurement of prolactin levels were valuable in that 15 of 42 patients with hyperprolactinaemia had a radiologically abnormal pituitary fossa, whereas pituitary fossa abnormalities were found in only 11 of 245 normoprolactinaemic women. It was thought that 181 women had functional amenorrhoea; 54 per cent of these women had developed amenorrhoea in relation to weight loss and 32 per cent in relation to discontinuation of oral contraceptives. A strong correlation was found between the body weight and the basal gonadotrophin levels. The basal LH levels were correlated with serum oestrogen levels, the basal FSH level and the LH response to LRH. Most of the patients with low basal LH values had developed amenorrhoea in relation to self-imposed weight-loss. The responses to LRH were often impaired in the underweight patients but became normal after weight gain. The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) could not be diagnosed by measuring either basal or LRH-stimulated gonatrophin levels. Single FSH and prolactin determinations in serum seemed to be the only indispensible hormone assays in the routine clinical evaluation of amenorrhoea.

Adolescent↗