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Biomedical subjects

T Bergström

Publications and source records attributed to T Bergström.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Treatment of septicaemia in immunocompromised patients with ceftazidime or with tobramycin and cefuroxime, with special reference to renal effects.

Fifty-two immunocompromised patients with suspected septicaemia were randomized on 61 occasions to treatment with ceftazidime or with tobramycin and cefuroxime. Most (90%) of the patients had haematological malignancies and were neutropenic (granulocytes less than 1 X 10(9)/1 in 40 of the 61 episodes). Blood cultures were positive in 22 (39%) febrile episodes and in four other instances positive cultures were obtained from other sources. Clinical cure or improvement was noted in 10 of 12 culture verified infections in the tobramycin and cefuroxime group and 11 of 14 episodes in the ceftazidime-group. The effect on the kidney of the two antibiotic regimens was studied by following the serum levels of creatinine, urea and beta 2-microglobulin and the urinary excretion of alanine aminopeptidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) and beta 2-microglobulin. No clinically important renal side effects were observed. However, an increase in the urinary excretion of AAP was seen in both groups with significantly greater elevation in the tobramycin and cefuroxime group. Urinary beta-NAG increased only in the tobramycin and cefuroxime group.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Impaired production of alpha and gamma interferon in asymptomatic homosexual males.

In vitro production of alpha interferon and gamma interferon was examined in cell cultures from 90 asymptomatic homosexual males and 19 healthy heterosexual male controls. The production of alpha and gamma interferon was significantly suppressed in homosexuals as compared to that in heterosexual controls (p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.001, respectively). Forty-one of the homosexuals produced less gamma interferon than any of the heterosexual controls. Antibodies against the human immune system virus (HIV) were found in eight homosexuals, who produced significantly less alpha and gamma interferon than did the HIV-seronegative homosexuals (p less than 0.02). Neither carriage of Entamoeba histolytica or Giardia lamblia nor serological evidence of infection with cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus or hepatitis B virus was associated with a significantly lower production of interferon than that found in homosexual males seronegative for these infections. No correlation was found between number of partners or practice of passive anal intercourse and production of interferons in homosexual men. It is concluded that the significantly lower production of both alpha and gamma interferon in asymptomatic homosexual males may play an important role in susceptibility to viruses, including HIV.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Symptomatic treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea: loperamide versus placebo in a double-blind trial.

One hundred and twelve patients with acute infectious diarrhoea were entered in a double-blind randomised study in order to compare loperamide with a placebo. Of 82 evaluable patients, 38 received loperamide and 44 placebo for a maximum of 5 days. There were no significant differences in the number of loose stools during the first day of treatment, in the total number of tablets taken or in the total duration of the period of diarrhoea between the two treatment groups. The loperamide-treated patients had significantly fewer loose stools during the observation period of 5 days than did the placebo treated patients, median five vs. seven, a difference of little clinical importance. Excretion of bacterial pathogens was followed weekly in 13 of the loperamide treated patients (median 35.5 days) and in 18 of the placebo treated patients (median 22.5 days). This difference in the duration of excretion was not significant.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Acyclovir versus vidarabine in herpes simplex encephalitis. Randomised multicentre study in consecutive Swedish patients.

127 patients with suspected herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) were entered in a prospective randomised study of acyclovir 10 mg/kg 8-hourly versus vidarabine 15 mg/kg daily for 10 days. The patients were consecutive and nearly all Swedish cases of HSE were included; they were treated in six university infectious diseases departments. The diagnosis of HSE was verified by brain biopsy and/or antibody responses in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Of 53 confirmed cases of HSE (corresponding to 2 X 3 cases per million inhabitants per year in Sweden), 51 (27 acyclovir, 24 vidarabine) were evaluable for analysis of efficacy. The mortality was 19% in the acyclovir-treated group versus 50% in the vidarabine group (p = 0.04). At 6 months of observation 15 (56%) of 27 acyclovir-treated patients had returned to normal life compared with 3 (13%) of 24 vidarabine-treated patients (p = 0.002); and the numbers who died or had severe sequelae were 9 (33%) and 19 (76%), respectively (p = 0.005). No important or new adverse events were recognised.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1984

Severe acute encephalitis--improved outcome after barbiturate treatment?

Six cases of severe encephalitis due to measles, varicellae, mononucleosis, influenza, rubella and pertussis were treated with high doses of barbiturates in combination with steroids and artificial hyperventilation. Four of the patients also received antiviral therapy. They all survived without neurological sequelae. The use of barbiturates in high doses may be of importance for an improved outcome in patients with severe encephalitis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1977

Determination of cadmium in blood by use of atomic absorption spectroscopy with crucibles--and a rational procedure for dry-ashing.

A simple, minimal-reagent procedure for analysis of cadmium in blood is introduced. Blood samples from workers occupationally exposed to cadmium were collected with heparin. Titon X-100 surfactant was added, and 15-mul aliquots of the blood were pipetted into small nickel sampling cups and placed in a holder for 100 cups, which was enclosed in a stainless steel box. After the samples were dried and ashed in a muffle oven at various times and temperatures, cadmium was determined in an air/acetylene flame in an atomic absorption instrument with a deuterium arc background corrector. Absorbance measurements were made by signal-averaging facilities in the instrument. The conditions for analysis are specified. The method appears to be accurate and reproducible, with a CV of about 6% in the range 35-160 nmol/liter. The detection limit was 3.0 nmol/liter of blood. With the new procedure, many blood samples can be dried and ashed in parallel, which favors both simplicity and precision.

Cadmium↗