PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Berner

Publications and source records attributed to T Berner.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Spiral trocar--a new trocar concept].

INTRODUCTION: We would like to introduce a new trocar technique for minimal invasive surgery. The new trocar is a spiral whose coil becomes ever increasingly stronger towards the centre. Because of this, there is a smooth transition between spiral, screw and rod. The outer diameter remains the same. The spiral-trocar is screwed through the abdominal wall like a corkscrew. Because of this, the primary channel of puncture runs spirally. Furthermore, the channel is dilated and centralised so that the trocar's rod together with its sleeve can be pushed through the abdominal wall. This trocar design demonstrates the following advantages: The trocar can be screwed through the abdominal wall in a controlled manner without having to apply axial pressure. This prevents any unintentional perforation of organs. Because different layers of the tissue are penetrated at different places, they overlap, thus sealing one another after removal of the sleeve. The puncture channel was minimal, thus leaving very little risk of trocar site hernia. METHODS: The spiral-trocar was examined and compared with other types of trocars in vivo and vitro. RESULTS: During these tests, the spiral-trocar demonstrated a high level of safety and good usability. DISCUSSION: The spiral-trocar is an easily cleanable, reusable product without a mechanical sealing device and can be used together with most sleeves. This makes it very cost effective.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Short-term oral toxicity study of FAVOR PAC in rats.

A short-term rat feeding study was conducted to evaluate the oral toxicity of FAVOR PAC (CAS Registry No. 9003-04-7), one member of a family of cross-linked sodium polyacrylate polymers developed by Stockhausen GmbH & Co KG (Krefeld, Germany). FAVOR polymers are classified as superabsorbent polymers because of their ability to absorb and retain large volumes of fluid. In this short-term study, three groups of 10 male and 10 female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 0 (control), 1, or 5% FAVOR PAC in the diet daily for up to 32 days. No significant changes in clinical signs, body weight and food consumption, functional observation battery results, ophthalmoscopy, hematology and clinical chemistries, or absolute and relative organ weights were observed. Significant differences between treated and control animals were limited to increases in water consumption and modifications in urinary ionic excretion. Both findings were likely the result of the relatively high concentration of sodium in the test article, and thus consistent with adaptive physiologic changes, not overt toxicity. In conclusion, levels of up to 5% FAVOR PAC in the diet produced no treatment-related toxicity in rats under the conditions of this short-term test (i.e., a NOAEL of 5% FAVOR PAC in the diet was identified).

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2000

Single-dose oral toxicity study of a cross-linked sodium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol copolymer in chickens (Gallus domesticus).

A single-dose oral toxicity study of a grafted copolymer of cross-linked sodium polyacrylate with polyvinyl alcohol was conducted in chickens (Gallus domesticus) to demonstrate this copolymer's safety for use as a hydration medium in recently hatched poultry chicks. Three experimental groups, each composed of 25 male and 25 female 1-day-old chicks, were administered a one-time dose of 0, 3, or 6 g of the hydrated test article by gavage. All chicks were monitored daily for mortality and morbidity during their typical grow-out period of approximately 8 weeks. Interim sacrifices of one animal of each sex from each treatment group were made at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. All surviving animals were necropsied at the end of the study. A single dose of up to 6 g of hydrated copolymer did not adversely affect these animals during their grow-out period. Mortality was comparable across all experimental groups, as no statistically significant survival differences were found. Body weights were also comparable across the three experimental groups at all time points during the study, and no statistically significant differences were detected in mean terminal body weights among the groups. Finally, lesion frequencies were similar across the three experimental groups, with none of the lesions deemed related to administration of the test article. Thus, the safety of this cross-linked sodium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol copolymer has been demonstrated for its intended use.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1996

A benchmark concentration for carbon disulfide: analysis of the NIOSH carbon disulfide exposure database.

A statistical analysis of the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) carbon disulfide (CS2) exposure database was conducted for purposes of establishing a benchmark concentration (BMC) for CS2. The analysis addressed the effects of CS2 exposure on the peripheral nervous system and on ischemic heart disease risk factors. The BMC is based on models relating response to exposure determined from statistical analysis of the continuous exposure data for individuals recorded in the NIOSH database. The results demonstrate that changes in the responses associated with increases in CS2 exposure at levels represented in the NIOSH database are relatively small after adjustment for confounders. The only response variables that had statistically significant relationships with CS2 were the peroneal nerve MCV (motor conduction velocity) and the peroneal nerve amplitude ratio. Based on these results, BMCs of 16.2 and 18.5 ppm were derived for MCV and amplitude ratio, respectively.

Carbon Disulfide↗