Biomedical subjects

T Bock

Publications and source records attributed to T Bock.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Reduction of diabetes incidence in NOD mice by neonatal glucose treatment.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether neonatal glucose treatment influences the incidence of diabetes in NOD mice. Thirty-nine NOD mice (19 males, 20 females) were treated with 8 g glucose/kg BW/day administered by subcutaneous injections twice a day for the first six days of life. Thirty-six untreated NOD mice (20 males, 16 females) served as a control group. In the glucose-treated group, 33% became diabetic compared with 58% in the control group (X2 = 5.3, p = 0.021). Among the glucose-treated males, 16% became diabetic compared with 50% of the untreated males (X2 = 5.5, p = 0.019), whereas 50% of the glucose-treated females became diabetic compared with 69% of the untreated females (X2 = 1.1, NS). We conclude that neonatal glucose treatment can reduce the diabetes incidence in NOD mice. These results could have implications for the prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus in humans.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Subjective perception of psychotic events. Illness concepts of patients, relatives, therapists in comparison].

The study explains, from an academic and psychiatric point of view, the need of qualitative research in the field of self-perception when suffering from an psychosis. It compares illness concepts and the subjective assessment (diagnosis) voiced by patients, their close relatives and the responsible medical staff. Surprising conclusions, which are carefully discussed, are the result of the study. When looking at future research on this issue, the need of stronger consideration of psychotic matters and the biographical as well as institutionalised context becomes obvious.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1990

Prevention of diabetes mellitus in BB rats by neonatal stimulation of beta cells.

Antigen expression in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes may depend on the functional state of beta cells. At birth, beta cells are immature, produce only a basal amount of insulin, and are unresponsive to glucose--but are sensitive to glucagon and arginine. beta cells of spontaneously diabetic BB rats were stimulated for the first 6 days after birth by glucose with glucagon or arginine to accelerate beta cell maturation, and possibly to induce antigen expression and tolerance. Over the first 200 days of life, only 23% of glucose and glucagon-treated BB rats, and 20% of glucose and arginine-treated BB rats developed diabetes, compared with 65% of untreated controls. This finding may explain the observation that children of mothers who have type 1 diabetes are three times less likely to develop the disease than children of fathers with type 1 diabetes. Earlier maturation of beta cells during the diabetic pregnancy may protect against diabetes in later life.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Increased thromboplastic potential in diabetes: a multifactorial phenomenon.

Coagulation parameters, platelet aggregation, and thromboxane production as well as metabolic parameters were measured in 31 diabetic patients, 12 without and 19 with clinically manifest late complications, and in 14 healthy control subjects. Spontaneous in vitro aggregation as well as ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid induced aggregation were higher in both groups of diabetic patients, without an increase in thromboxane B2 production. In diabetic patients with late complications an increase in fibrinogen, fibrinogen cyanogen bromide peptide, factor VIII related antigen, C1-esterase inhibitor, and antithrombin III was observed in comparison to healthy subjects. Fibrinogen, C1-esterase inhibitor, and factor VIII related antigen were already elevated in diabetic patients without clinically manifest late vascular complications. No strict correlations were found between serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and glycosylated albumin, on the one hand, and coagulation promoting or inhibiting factors, aggregation or thromboxane B2 production, on the other, in either control or diabetic subjects. Also no correlations existed between the coagulation parameters and the aggregation results. In vitro incubation of pooled normal plasma with different glucose concentrations had no influence on the methods by which the coagulation parameters were measured. These data indicate that rather early in the diabetic state many changes take place in different phases of the thrombostatic process, all resulting in an increased hemostatic diathesis.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Central venous oxygen saturation for the control of automatic rate-responsive pacing.

A rate-adjusting pacemaker system is described which uses central venous oxygen saturation (SO2) for the regulation of the pacing rate. This system was tested externally in ten patients with chronically implanted VVI units. There was an average increase in cardiac output of 18% with the SO2-regulated pacemaker as compared to the situation during fixed rate stimulation. Central venous oxygen saturation appears to be an ideal biological parameter for autoregulating the pacing rate. It represents the only sensor suitable for the realization of a closed feedback loop concept.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gluten-free diet prevents diabetes in NOD mice.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological as well as animal studies have shown that environmental factors such as nutrition contribute to the development of diabetes. In this study we investigated whether the early introduction of a gluten-free diet can influence the onset and/or incidence of diabetes, as well as insulitis and the number of gut mucosal lymphocytes, in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. METHODS: Gluten-free and standard Altromin diets (with the same milk protein and vitamin content) were given to breeding pairs of NOD mice as well as to the first generation of NOD female mice, which were then observed for 320 days. RESULTS: A substantially lower diabetes incidence (chi(2)=15.8, p=0.00007) was observed in NOD mice on the gluten-free diet (15%, n=27) compared to mice on the standard diet (64%, n=28). In addition, mice on the gluten-free diet developed diabetes significantly later (244+/-24 days SEM) compared to those on the standard diet (197+/-8 days, p=0.03). No differences in the number of CD3(+), TCR-gammadelta(+), IgA(+), and IgM(+) cells in the small intestine were observed. CONCLUSION: We showed that gluten-free diet both delayed and to a large extent prevented diabetes in NOD mice that have never been exposed to gluten.

Animal Feed↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Crossover study with human insulin (recombinant DNA) in type I diabetic subjects.

The activity of three combinations of regular and NPH human insulin (recombinant DNA) has been compared to that of an intermediate-acting pork insulin in a crossover study in type I diabetic subjects. After a prephase, the patients injected each insulin subcutaneously for 1 wk in different order. During the 5-wk period, daily glucose profiles were self-monitored, except at the end of each week, when blood was sampled for the determination of glucose, HbA1, glycosylated albumin, C-peptide, glucagon, and routine laboratory parameters. Fasting as well as mean daily glucose and mean amplitude of glucose excursions were similar during the treatment with pork and the various human insulin preparations. There was also no significant difference in C-peptide, glucagon, HbA1 or the routine laboratory parameters with each insulin tested. Glycosylated albumin, however, was significantly lower during the test period with intermediate-acting pork insulin and human insulin (25:75 regular:NPH), when compared with the prephase. We conclude that in type I diabetic subjects human insulin in special galenic preparations shows very similar metabolic activity to pork insulin.

Adult↗