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T Bocklage

Publications and source records attributed to T Bocklage.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Specimen fine-needle aspiration cytology of littoral cell angioma with histologic and immunohistochemical confirmation.

We performed a specimen fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of a littoral cell angioma (LCA) from a 33-yr-old male who underwent elective splenectomy due to thrombocytopenia secondary to Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome. Gross examination revealed a 420-g, diffusely enlarged spleen which contained two moderately well-circumscribed, soft brown lesions measuring 0.3 and 1.0 cm, respectively. Benchtop aspiration of the lesions following splenectomy yielded a cellular sample composed predominantly of dispersed single cells, which ranged from columnar to spindle to circariform in shape. Nuclei were round to oval with even chromatin, and many contained single longitudinal grooves. A majority of the cells contained abundant, granular hemosiderin pigment, a key cytologic feature. Immunohistochemical staining revealed reactivity for antibodies to CD68 and factor VIII-related antigen with no reactivity for S-100 protein and CD8. Littoral cell angioma must be differentiated from splenic hamartoma, hemangioma, angiosarcoma, littoral cell angiosarcoma, and epithelioid and spindle cell hemangioendothelioma. A combination of cytologic features and immunohistochemical results should enable an accurate diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit with a t(9;22)(q31;p13).

Solitary fibrous tumors are well-described neoplasms found predominantly in the subpleural region but also in many other body sites. They generally behave in a benign fashion, although a few cases that exhibit a malignant course have been reported. Genetic information on solitary fibrous tumors is sparse. This case illustrates a previously unreported finding of a tumor-specific t(9;22)(q31;p13) in a solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit of a 58-year-old man.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMed1998

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the salivary glands: presentation of two cases, literature review, and differential cytodiagnosis of high-grade salivary gland malignancies.

Primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the salivary glands is a rare, high-grade neoplasm which accounts for a very small number (1-5.5%) of malignant salivary gland tumors. The large-cell variant (LCU) is less well-characterized than the small-cell form. We report on the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy findings of 2 cases of LCU, one arising in the parotid gland, and the other in a buccal mucosa accessory salivary gland. The 2 cases were similar in composition: isolated and loosely cohesive large cells with abundant cytoplasm, and variability pleomorphic nuclei with prominent nucleoli. One case also featured multinucleated tumor giant cells and macrophage polykaryons; the latter has not previously been described in FNA biopsies of LCU. There was no evidence of squamous, myoepithelial, or widespread mucinous differentiation by morphological, cytochemical, or immunohistochemical analyses (focal rare mucin production identified on special stains in one case). The differential diagnosis is lengthy and consists of other high-grade primary salivary gland malignancies as well as metastatic lesions, including melanoma. The pattern of immunohistochemical reactivity (positive keratin, negative S-100, and HMB-45 antigens), and lack of conspicuous mucin production of significant lymphoidinfiltrate, were useful in establishing the correct diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Signet-ring squamous cell carcinoma: a case report.

A-50-year-old Hispanic man presented to the dermatology clinic with a 0.6-cm eroded, erythematous, scaly plaque on the left side of his neck. On shave biopsy, the lesion was composed of intra-epidermal and invasive dermal cells characterized by a signet-ring appearance. One area suggestive of typical squamous cell carcinoma prompted the inclusion of that entity in the differential diagnosis. Mucicarmine stains were negative, while the extra-vacuolar cytoplasm focally reacted with periodic acid-Schiff staining, the positive reaction for which was abolished by diastase, consistent with glycogen. Malignant cells expressed keratins by reacting to antibodies, Mak6, AE1/AE3, Ker 903, and CAM5.2. Additionally, weak reactivity occurred with antibodies to CEA and EMA. Tumor cells did not express S-100, HM-B45, Leu M1, or actin. By ultrastructural examination, the large vacuoles corresponded to markedly dilated endoplasmic reticulum. A diagnosis of signet-ring squamous cell carcinoma, a rare form of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma which has been described in only one case report in the last 10 years, was made. Immunohistochemical staining provided information useful in differentiating this lesion from other clear cell and signet-ring cell tumors which involve the skin.

Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell↗
PubMed1997

Tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: cytologic features and differential diagnostic considerations.

The cytologic features of the tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma may be confused with those of other thyroid neoplasms with different prognoses and treatment modalities. Elucidation of the cytomorphology of this variant would be useful in planning treatment for this fairly aggressive variant of papillary carcinoma. The cytologic features of 20 cases of TCV were compared with those of 23 cases of the usual variant (UV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma and of 10 Hürthle-cell neoplasms (HCN). After a set of features was defined, the efficacy of employing it to distinguish TCV from UV and HCN was assessed by three cytopathologists (J.D.T., I.R., and M.O.), was independently examined 15 unknown cases selected by the first author. Aspirates of TCV showed some specific cytologic features which included large cell size with abundant granular cytoplasm and variably sized nuclei with granular chromatin. The cells were sometimes columnar, but more often were polygonal, and prominent cytoplasmic borders were present in 50% of cases. Intra-nuclear inclusions were more prominent in TCV than in UV. There was some overlap in the cytomorphology of some TCV and UV cases, and variable numbers of cells with UV features were encountered in TCV cases. Employing the cytologic features of TCV listed above, three cytopathologists examined the unknown cases, which included 7 cases of TCV, 4 cases of UV, and 4 cases of HCN. TCV was recognized as such by all three cytopathologists in 6 of 7 cases, and all UV and HCN were correctly typed by all three examiners. The cytologic features of TCV are sufficiently distinctive to enable separation from HCN and most cases of UV. Although the diagnosis of TCV may be rendered employing fine-needle aspiration biopsy, material, this diagnosis should be limited, in our opinion, to specimens which contain at least 30% of cells with typical TCV features.

Adenoma, Oxyphilic↗
PubMed1997

Force sensor for laparoscopic Babcock.

UNLABELLED: GENERAL: A force sensor has been designed and fabricated that will fit to existing laparoscopic grasping forceps (Babcocks) from Ethicon Endosurgery Inc. The goal of the sensor development is to provide tool-tissue force information to the surgeons so that surgeons can regain the sense of touch that has been lost through laparoscopy. Eventually, force sensing will provide feedback for robotic laparoscopic surgical platforms. OBJECTIVE: We have developed a prototype force sensor system with ATI Industrial Automation. This tool is provided as an in-line transducer with six degrees of freedom that can retrofit current Babcocks. The sensor is currently being used in clinical trials with animals to determine the benefits. The sensor system utilizes industry proven technology in combination with a custom transducer and user interface. A GUI is part of the system and provides resolved force magnitude data in a graphical format for case of interpretation. Sterilization, size, and ease of use are addressed by the current design. Operating room reliability and safety are currently being investigated. CLINICAL TRIAL: A three phase experimental trial using a porcine model is being completed that will test the hypothesis that force information can be used to minimize tissue trauma during laparoscopic surgery. RESULTS: Based on our research, there is strong evidence that surgeons would benefit from information regarding the levels of force applied to tissues. In the future, robotic surgery will require force sensing. Surgical simulators could provide force feedback during simulated surgical procedures by using a sensor platform such as this. In addition, tool tip design in the future will benefit from the application of this technology and data base.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Intra-abdominal lymphangiomas in children and adults. Assessment of proliferative activity.

OBJECTIVE: Intra-abdominal lymphangiomas are rare in children and even more exceptional in adults. Because these lesions occasionally progressively enlarge, we analyzed seven adult and four pediatric cases for evidence of proliferative activity. DESIGN: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed retrospectively on representative tissue sections using antibodies to the following antigens: Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and p53 gene product (eight cases). DNA ploidy was examined in five cases. PATIENTS: The study group consisted of seven adult women (aged 24 to 73 years), a 3.5-year-old girl, and two boys, aged 3.5 and 9 years, the last with a recurrence at age 15. The lymphangiomas ranged from 1.7 to 23 cm in maximum size. RESULTS: Ranges of percentages of cells staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, and p53 were similar between the pediatric and adult cases. Antibody to Ki-67 stained from 0.5% to 17% of the stromal and endothelial components of the lymphangiomas. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen activity was noted in 16% to 52% of lesional cells. Reactivity was noted almost exclusively in areas of inflammation and fibroplasia. For comparison, 10% to 50% of intermixed lymphocytes stained for Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. There was no labeling with p53. DNA content was uniformly diploid. CONCLUSIONS: The scant staining for Ki-67 in the majority of the lesions, combined with proliferative rates that were only focally elevated, suggests that lymphangiomas in children and adults are quiescent lesions whose enlargement is due to engorgement by chyle and localized secondary inflammation rather than primary tumoral growth.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

p53 PCNA, and Ki-67 in hydropic molar and nonmolar placentas: an immunohistochemical study.

Sixty molar and nonmolar placentas with hydropic features [23 complete moles, 14 partial moles, 8 moles-not further classified, and 15 hydropic, nonmolar placentas] were evaluated immunohistochemically for expression of Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and p53, and the results were compared with DNA ploidy and S-phase fractions derived from flow cytometric analysis. The data were evaluated to determine if proliferation marker staining could aid in distinguishing mole from non-mole and partial from complete mole. PCNA and p53 expression did not discriminate between moles and non-moles. However, the percentage of rimming villous cytotrophoblast nuclei reactive for Ki-67 differed significantly between moles and non-moles (p < 0.001). All molar specimens contained at least one medium-sized villus with > 70% Ki-67-positive cells, whereas the maximum percentage of reactive cells in hydropic abortuses was 22%. These results suggest that percentage Ki-67 positivity in rimming cytotrophoblast nuclei may aid in distinguishing a mole from a nonmolar, hydropic abortion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Unusual mesenchymal and mixed tumors of the salivary gland. An immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analysis of three cases.

Histological, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric characteristics of three unusual parotid gland tumors are described. The patients were adult white men with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, true malignant mixed tumor, and primary parotid gland chondrosarcoma. The carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma showed evidence of simultaneous epithelial, myoepithelial, and mesenchymal differentiation by immunohistochemistry. The true malignant mixed tumor exhibited variable positivity for two keratins, vimentin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki67, and p53. The chondrosarcoma initially stained for vimentin, S100, muscle-specific actin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and Ki67, but it lost actin expression in its first recurrence, accompanied by more extensive Ki67 staining. DNA ploidy varied from diploid to aneuploid with intratumoral variation in the carcinosarcoma. S-phase fractions ranged from 2.43% to 13.9%. The findings underscore the diversity of tumors that may be pathogenetically related to, and at times derived from, pleomorphic adenoma.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1992

Uterine mullerian adenosarcoma following adenomyoma in a woman on tamoxifen therapy.

The clinical and pathologic findings in a 53-year-old woman who developed a uterine adenosarcoma following an adenomyoma are described. During the interval between the diagnosis of adenomyoma and the subsequent diagnosis of adenosarcoma, the patient developed breast carcinoma and received adjuvant chemotherapy that included tamoxifen. The possible stimulatory effects of this drug upon the patient's pre-existing adenomyoma are discussed in view of reports of tamoxifen-associated endometrial carcinoma and uterine sarcomas developing in the setting of estrogen excess.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumors are rare lesions of proposed myofibroblastic origin occurring primarily in infants and children. While the histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings have been well described, cytologic description has been limited. CASE: An 8-month-old, male infant presented with a posterior chest wall mass and decreased use of his left arm. Fine needle aspiration biopsy showed a spectrum of plump fibroblastic spindle cells and histiocytelike cells within a finely granular myxoid background. Osteoclastlike giant cells were also noted. CONCLUSION: We report here the cytologic findings of a plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor from fine needle aspiration biopsy studied using Papanicolaou, Ultrafast Papanicolaou and Diff-Quik stain, with the cytologic differential diagnosis of other spindled and histiocytelike tumors.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspiration cytology features of the warthin tumor-like variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. A report of two cases.

BACKGROUND: Warthinklike tumor of thyroid is a recently described variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma characterized histologically by a papillary architecture, oxyphilic tumor cells and extensive, chronic inflammation. CASES: Fine needle aspiration was performed on solitary thyroid nodules in two females aged 19 and 35 years. Both patients complained of neck lumps, and the older one noted several months of fatigue and weight gain. The specimens were cytologically similar and were characterized by two distinct sets of features, one suggesting the tall cell or oxyphilic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the other suggesting chronic lymphocytic (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis. Neoplastic follicular cell nuclei were divided into those with grooves, pseudoinclusions and hyperlobation consistent with papillary thyroid carcinoma, while other tumor nuclei exhibited a uniform, round contour; hypergranular chromatin; and relatively prominent nucleoli reminiscent of Hürthle cells. Chronic inflammation was abundant and intimately associated with neoplastic cell groups. CONCLUSION: Warthinlike tumor of the thyroid possesses cytoplasmic and nuclear features with overlap with several other thyroid lesions. Although a definitive diagnosis at aspiration biopsy may be very difficult, the lesions are recognizably neoplastic and identifiable as probable or definite papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration of inverted Schneiderian papilloma. A case report.

The cytologic and histopathologic findings in an inverted Schneiderian papilloma of the paranasal sinuses are described. This uncommon neoplasm of the sinonasal region is characterized by a significant recurrence rate and an association with squamous cell carcinoma in 7-13% of patients. Fine needle aspiration of inverting papillomas may allow rapid identification of the lesion when a tissue biopsy is impractical.

Biopsy, Needle↗