PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Bougerol

Publications and source records attributed to T Bougerol.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide compared with fluvoxamine in depressive disorder (DSM III). A French/Swiss double-blind trial.

The efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide and fluvoxamine, two new types of antidepressant agents, were compared in a multicentre, double-blind prospective study of patients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode (DSM III). Patients were randomized to receive either moclobemide (150 mg) or fluvoxamine (50 mg) twice daily for 7 days, immediately following a washout period of at least 1 week. Dosages were increased where necessary on day 8, to a maximum of moclobemide 450 mg or fluvoxamine 200 mg and in most cases were maintained at these levels for the remainder of the study period (4-6 weeks). Both treatment groups showed a marked antidepressant effect. While both treatments were well tolerated, moclobemide showed a more favourable side-effect profile than fluvoxamine. Of the 126 patients eligible for evaluation, 34 withdrew from therapy, 22% in the moclobemide group and 30% in the fluvoxamine group. Adverse events were reported in 41.8% of patients treated with moclobemide compared to 60.3% of patients in the fluvoxamine group. Reports of dry mouth and other anticholinergic effects were more frequent among those treated with fluvoxamine. A greater number of gastrointestinal complaints, especially nausea, also occurred in the fluvoxamine-treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Schizophrenia: diagnosis, classification, course and prognosis].

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness usually considered as one of the most disabling. Its clinical manifestations are characterized by a mental splitting which is a loss of the unity and cohesion of mental activity. A paranoid state or psychomotor disturbance are, sometimes, associated with this mental splitting. The course of the disease may be continuous or oscillating with acute exacerbations. The outcome of schizophrenia is often characterized by a chronic defect state but may be quite good for one half of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Semiological and psychological predictive factors of response to antidepressive agents].

Since the discovery of the first antidepressive compounds, very few progress have been made for the efficacy of these drugs. All the antidepressants, even the more recent of them, are efficient only in 60 to 75% of the depressive disorders treated. Many studies have been conducted to define clinical or psychological predictive factors of the response to antidepressants. Emphasis was carry mostly on the clinical characteristics of the depressive disorder and the importance of "endogenous" features for the response to treatment, have been well established. Some works have also emphasized the importance of personality disorders and environmental disturbances for the issues of treatment. More recent works aim to define the characteristics of the best responders to more selective antidepressive compounds. But, it is still very difficult today to define precisely what are the clinical or psychological features which are specifically responsive to antidepressive drugs.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Visual evoked potentials and attention processes in depression].

The study of the attention process during depression has been realized with the recording of visual evoked potential (VEP) by simple pattern reversal checkerboard and in sequences where a rare stimulus appears randomly, with or without task. The recordings obtained on fifty patients have been compared to the VEP obtained on fifteen reference subjects. The results indicate that some perturbations, characteristic of the depressive state, should happen at the both levels of attentional selection, early (P1 and N1 components) and late (P3 component). The responses of the depressive patients appear to reflect rather an intervention of automatic attention process.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Erythrocyte membrane transport of tyrosine and tryptophan and plasma level of MHPG in depressive disorders].

Both plasma MHPG level and red blood cell membrane transports (TM) of L-tyrosine (L-TYR) and L-tryptophan (L-TRY) were evaluated in 29 depressed patients and compared to 16 control subjects. On the basis of MHPG plasmatic levels, we were able to define two subgroups in the depressed population showing a biological homogeneity: in the first one, both MHPG level and TYR TM decreased, while in the second one neither of these indices were disturbed. These biological features were not related to the nosographic subgroups. Bipolar depressed subjects showed a decrease in both MHPG and TYR TM; unipolar depressed subjects exhibited a decrease in both MHPG and TYR TM associated to an increase in TRY TM, whereas no change was found in dysthymic disorders. The time course of MHPG and MT were desynchronized if followed during the antidepressant treatment. At day 7, MHPG level increased significantly, while clinical improvement showed a normalisation of MHPG and TYR TM.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma levels of metapramine and its 3 major metabolites in patients with depression. Results and preliminary interpretations].

Metapramine (Timaxel) and his three major metabolites (19148 RP, 23669 RP, 19749 RP) have been determined in the plasma of 18 depressed inpatients treated by the antidepressant drug (12 women and 6 men; 7 are smokers and 11 non-smokers). In a steady state, interindividual variability is very important, especially for 23669 RP. No significant correlation exists between normalized doses (mg.kg-1) and normalized plasma concentrations (ng.ml-1/dose mg.kg-1) of metapramine or anyone of its metabolites. The plasma metabolic ratios reveal also important intraindividual and interindividual variability. Two populations of patients seem to exist: extensive metabolizers and relatively poor metabolizers, without apparent clinical consequence because 23669 RP shows an antidepressant activity. Women seem, with equal normalized doses, to exhibit higher plasma levels of unchanged metapramine than men, due to a lower protein-binding rather than to a more active metabolism. In patients who received a poly-medication smoking seems not to induce desmethylation of metapramine. The plasma metabolic ratios, compared by the analysis of variance and the Wilcoxon distribution-free test, are significatively influenced by sex and not by tobacco-smoking.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Visual potentials evoked by a pattern reversal checkerboard in 50 depressed patients].

The pertinency of the visual evoked potentials (VEP) was studied as an index of depression in a group of 50 depressed patients (according to DSM III criteria). The VEP recordings were realized before an antidepressive treatment (D0) and 4 weeks after the beginning of the treatment (D28). Identical recordings were realized with 15 healthy and voluntary reference subjects. Stimulations were reversal checkerboard. The analysis of the results indicate at D0 a reduction of P1 and N1 latencies in the depressed people compared to the reference subjects, and an increase of the P1-N1 amplitude. These differences disappear at D28 (after the antidepressive treatment), as we don't notice any significative difference between D0 and D28 with the reference subjects. The interpretation of these results leads to the hypothesis of a neurophysiological modification of the attentional processes during the depression state. The antidepressive treatment seems merely to produce a normalization of the evoked responses in the depressed patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multidisciplinary approach to depression. Preliminary results].

In the present study, clinical interview, Visual Evoked Potentials, psychological tests, TRH test, plasmatic MHPG dosage were investigated in 30 depressed patients with major depressive disorders. All the explorations were realised before and after 28 days of an antidepressant treatment. Thanks to analysis we found out the value of psychological tests. The study of evoked potentials brings to light the existence of electrophysiological variables, subordinate to the clinical state. On the contrary, "TRH Test" does not give us any useful indication, and plasmatic MOPEG dosage, although it confirms the existence of two groups of depressed patients, does not suggest any relationship with evolutive types.

Adult↗