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Biomedical subjects

T Bowers

Publications and source records attributed to T Bowers.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Rotational atherectomy or balloon angioplasty in the treatment of intra-stent restenosis: BARASTER multicenter registry.

The BARASTER registry was formed to evaluate the initial success and long-term results of rotational atherectomy in the management of in-stent restenosis. Rotational atherectomy was used in 197 cases of in-stent restenosis: 46 with stand-alone rotational atherectomy or at most 1 atmosphere of balloon inflation (Rota strategy), and 151 with rotational atherectomy and adjunctive balloon angioplasty <1 atmosphere (Combination strategy). These were compared with 107 episodes of in-stent restenosis treated with balloon angioplasty alone. In this observational study, the use of Combination therapy was associated with a slightly higher initial success rate (95% vs. 87% with the Rota strategy and 89% with Balloons, P = 0.08). There was a reduction in one year clinical outcomes (death, myocardial infarction or target lesion revascularization) in the combination group (38% vs. 60% with Rota and 52% with balloons, P = 0.02). These data support a benefit of the strategy of debulking with rotational atherectomy followed by adjunctive balloon angioplasty, in the management of in-stent restenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Supporting special needs in the mainstream classroom: children's perceptions of the adult role.

Inclusion of children with significant special educational needs within the ordinary classroom frequently involves additional human resources. In the UK, specialist teachers and classroom assistants (teachers' aides) are now a regular feature of many classrooms. Their purpose is to provide advice and support to the teacher and/or specifically to assist the child with special educational needs in accessing the mainstream curriculum. There has been little research into the impact of these additional adults on children not designated as having special educational needs, although their attitudes and responses are likely to prove critical to the success of any policy of inclusive education. This study examines the responses of 713 children (ages 7-14+) attending 27 schools in London to questions relating to the role of adults supporting special educational needs (SEN) children in their classrooms and to the social desirability of being singled out for support. The findings suggest that the majority of those responding saw the support being directed towards the teacher's needs. The recognition of pupils' needs was less frequently expressed. The desirability of support became challenged by some children in the upper age range of the sample. Reasons for this and the implications for inclusive education are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Parents, partnership and education officers: a study of attributions.

Thirty-five parents of children with special educational needs were interviewed to ascertain their experiences of dealing with education officers involved in the assessment and placement of their children. They were found predominantly to make internal attributions for negative behaviours, and external attributions for positive behaviours. The implication of these results for new United Kingdom government initiatives to reduce conflict between parents and education authorities are examined.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Safety and immunogenicity of meningococcal A and C polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in adults.

A meningococcal vaccine containing group A and C polysaccharides conjugated to CRM197 was evaluated in 50 adults. Vaccinees were entered into one of five groups: 30 adults received a single dose of either 22, 11, or 5.5 micrograms of the conjugated A-C vaccine; 10 received an approved meningococcal vaccine; and 10 received saline injections. Local and systemic reactions to vaccines were recorded, and immune responses were determined. The experimental meningococcal vaccine was well tolerated, with the most frequent reaction being pain at the injection site. Both A and C polysaccharide components of the experimental vaccine were highly immunogenic, and total antibody concentrations 1 month postvaccination were not significantly different from the mean antibody concentrations among adults given the approved meningococcal vaccine. In addition, significant rises in immunoglobulin G, A, and M antibodies to both A and C polysaccharides occurred. Antibody concentrations measured at 6 and 12 months postvaccination had declined but remained significantly higher than prevaccination concentrations. Postvaccination meningococcal group C functional antibody activity increased more than 600-fold for both the polysaccharide and the conjugate vaccines. Further studies of this conjugated meningococcal vaccine are indicated for young children and infants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Can an intracoronary Doppler wire accurately measure changes in coronary blood flow velocity?

The purpose of this study was to compare a newly developed Doppler guide wire in the measurement of coronary blood flow velocity (CBFV) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) when compared to a previously extensively validated Doppler catheter. Sequential measurements of Doppler signals from the Doppler catheter and wire were obtained in response to graded doses of intracoronary adenosine in the left circumflex of 10 anesthetized dogs. The Doppler catheter signal was recorded on a standard physiologic chart recorder; that from the Doppler wire was recorded both on the chart recorder and the commercially available spectral analysis recording system. High correlations were obtained between the change in coronary velocity and CFR which were independent of the recording system used. Peak flow reserve in response to maximum intracoronary adenosine (24 micrograms bolus) ranged from 3.7-5.6 x basal. These results are similar to those obtained in normal humans. In spite of major differences between engineering specifications of the Doppler wire and Doppler catheter, under optimal conditions these two techniques yield similar results. The Doppler wire may facilitate measurements of CFR during diagnostic angiography in small or diffusely diseased vessels.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1983

Work in progress: transcatheter management of primary carcinoma of the liver.

Twenty-four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma were treated with hepatic artery infusion (HAI) of chemotherapeutic agents (14 patients) or hepatic artery embolization (HAE) (11 patients). One patient had a combination of the two treatments. Ten of the 14 (71%) patients who underwent HAI demonstrated partial remission. The median survival time was 12.3 months. Six of the 9 patients (67%) who underwent HAE and for whom follow-up was available responded to treatment. The median survival time for those patients was 17.4 months.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1982

Angiographic appearance of recurrent malignant melanoma before and after intra-arterial chemotherapy.

Intra-arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents (CDDP alone or combined with DTIC) was used to treat recurrent melanoma in 22 patients. In 17 cases, sequential arteriograms were obtained before and after infusion to monitor the procedure. Pre-treatment angiograms usually demonstrated rounded nodules with a homogeneous, hypervascular stain. In 3 patients, additional deep-seated lesions which were not palpable clinically were detected by angiography. Arteriograms of those patients who responded to chemotherapy revealed partial or complete disappearance of tumor stain. A 46% response rate was observed. The authors feel that angiography is valuable in pre-treatment diagnosis and post-treatment evaluation of recurrent melanoma.

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

Angiographic classification of hepatic arterial collaterals.

Hepatic artery collaterals in 40 patients who had had hepatic artery occlusion following peripheral or central embolization, surgical ligation, intra-arterial chemotherapy, or intimal injury from catheterization were studied. The collaterals were classified as intrahepatic or extrahepatic collaterals. Intrahepatic arterial collaterals develop in the portal triads and subcapsular area between the lobes of the liver. Extrahepatic arterial collaterals develop in the ligaments that suspend the liver in the peritoneal cavity and through the structures that are closely attached to the liver. A simplified angiographic classification of hepatic arterial collaterals is presented.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1982

Therapeutic Ivalon embolization of hepatic tumors.

Ivalon particles were used for 80 hepatic artery embolizations in 50 patients who had either primary or metastatic hepatic neoplasms. Ten patients died within 1-5 months and the remaining 40 patients were still alive. The post-hepatic embolization syndrome was identical to that following Gelfoam embolization. Follow-up hepatic angiography in 20 patients revealed tumor response to embolization in 17 patients. Ivalon particles were easier to use and caused more peripheral and persistent occlusion than Gelfoam. The results suggest that Ivalon particles were safe and feasible for hepatic artery embolization.

Adult↗