Sounding board. An injury is no accident.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T C Doege.
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Health sciences students should understand the fundamentals of epidemiologic methods that can lead to major advances in the treatment of disease. To this end, the research process is defined and a three-dimensional model that considers some basic elements of epidemiologic research--time, place, and strategy--is described. The strategies available to the investigator (descriptive, analytic, and experimental) and the possible time frames (retrospective, concurrent, and prospective) are illustrated in terms of field investigations that involve problems of infection, nutrition, dysplasia, metabolism, and cancer. It is believed that epidemiologic studies, no matter where they are performed, have certain features in common, especially those related to the elements of strategy and time.
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Crash and injury-crash rates increased significantly on segments of an Illinois superhighway undergoing major construction, compared to crash rates of preceding years and to crash rates on segments not undergoing construction. Maintaining separation of traffic on segments under construction resulted in smaller increase in injury-crash rates than crossover diversion of traffic from lanes under construction into previously one-way roads.
Rates of crashes, crashes with injuries, and crashes with fatalities were lower during the 6 months of March 1-August 31, 1974, following a 5-15 mph (8-24 kph) decrease in speed limits on the Illinois Tollway, than the corresponding rates for any of the 6 preceding years, 1968-1973. During the same months of 1968-1974, rates of crashes and of crashes with injuries showed peaks without consistent trends, but rates and percentages of fatal crashes decreased. The data agree with the hypothesis that reducing speed limits on toll roads may lead to substantial reductions in rate of crashes and injuries.
Participants in the Chiang Mai-Illinois Project had unique opportunities to work toward the goals of medical education in an attractive but alien environment. Concepts concerning public health and preventive medicine did not have high priority as the new medical school at Chiang Mai began, but a growing department made some progress in the teaching of these concepts with discussions, library and record room projects, and limited village investigations. Studies of hospital and clinic patients and of specific diseases disclosed useful data about northern Thai people. A productive experience in the foreign setting is believed to require sound training, energy, adaptability, and an investment of years.
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