PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T C Greiner

Publications and source records attributed to T C Greiner.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Aggressive natural killer cell lymphoma of the small intestine.

We report a case of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the small cell type arising in the small intestine and having a natural killer cell phenotype. Immunophenotyping of frozen tissue sections revealed a lack of reactivity with the pan-T-cell markers CD3 and CD5, and no reaction with B-cell markers. Positive staining was obtained with antibodies to CD2, CD7, and CD56. Molecular studies were negative for clonal T gamma, T beta and immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangements. Natural-killer-cell-associated cytotoxin was demonstrated by positive staining with an antibody to perforin, a protein present in the granules of large granular lymphocytes. Despite its indolent histologic appearance, the aggressive nature of this neoplasm was suggested by the expression of the activation markers CD38 and CD71, and the nuclear proliferation marker Ki67, and confirmed clinically by its rapid recurrence with extensive involvement of the pelvic organs, resistance to chemotherapy, and the short survival of the patient. Distinct from many Asian cases, Epstein-Barr virus genome was not detectable in the tumor. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a natural killer cell phenotype as a distinct entity, both biologically and clinically.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1995

Analysis of T cell receptor-gamma gene rearrangements by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of GC-clamped polymerase chain reaction products. Correlation with tumor-specific sequences.

We describe a modified denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) procedure with a 40-nucleotide GC clamp in the polymerase chain reaction to improve resolution in amplifying T cell receptor-gamma (TCR-gamma) rearrangements. DNA from 46 cases of lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, 5T cell lines, 2 B cell lines, 7 normal lymphocytes, and 3 cases of Hodgkin's disease was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. In addition, 20 cases of paraffin-embedded T cell lymphomas and 5 cases of reactive hyperplasia were also studied. Clonal TCR-gamma rearrangements were identified on DGGE by the presence of a predominant band. Results obtained from 5 T cell lines and 12 lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas containing known TCR-gamma gene rearrangements revealed 100% concordance in detecting clonal rearrangements between DGGE and traditional Southern blot analysis. Of the remaining 34 lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cases studied by DGGE alone, 30 were positive. DGGE analysis of 10 lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cases with known group IV gamma to J gamma 1 or J gamma 2 rearrangement sequences confirmed that the electrophoretic migration was dependent on the tumor-specific rearranged TCR-gamma sequence. In addition, 17 of 20 cases of paraffin-embedded T cell lymphomas were positive by DGGE, 6 of which had the clonal population also identified in fresh tissue DNA. DGGE analysis of GC-clamped polymerase chain reaction products can provide a way to more accurately detect TCR-gamma clonality of lymphoid tumors and can be applied to archival tissues.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Detection of tumor contamination of peripheral stem cells in patients with lymphoma using cell culture and polymerase chain reaction technology.

The important question of whether residual tumor in the bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell graft contributes to relapse in autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can be addressed only if there is an accurate and sensitive measurement of tumor cell contamination of the graft. Assays utilizing DNA amplification based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are highly sensitive. Tumor-specific primers and probes can be designed for the clonally rearranged Ig or T cell antigen receptor genes in the original tumors, and these can then be used to detect minimal residual disease in subsequent specimens. Specific translocations can also be exploited as tumor markers, and the t(14;18) translocation has been widely employed for detecting tumor cells in blood and bone marrow samples. Lymphoma cells have also been grown successfully in tissue culture, and the detection of tumor contamination of autologous grafts has been associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with intermediate- or high-grade lymphoma. It is of interest to compare the sensitivity of tumor detection and the predictive value for patient survival of the PCR-based and culture-based assays. The information obtained may help to determine whether minimal tumor contamination of an autologous graft is clinically significant and, if so, the assay(s) that should be employed.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1992

Fine-needle aspiration findings of the liver in a case of Q fever.

This report describes the cytologic findings in Q fever involving the liver in a 59-yr-old man. The fine-needle aspiration findings are correlated with a surgical needle biopsy performed concurrently. Cytopathologists should include Q fever in their differential diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation. Ring granulomas, which can be seen in an aspiration biopsy, should suggest the diagnosis of Q fever.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1992

Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II diagnosed in a 69-year-old patient with iron overload.

Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II is a rare disorder that is often diagnosed in patients before age 20 years. Patients with this disorder, which is also called hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity associated with a positive acidified serum lysis test, may have symptoms of iron overload. The purpose of this case report is to alert physicians to consider the diagnosis of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II in elderly patients who have anemia and iron overload.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Cytomegalovirus detection in bone marrow transplant patients with idiopathic pneumonitis. A clinicopathologic study of the clinical utility of the polymerase chain reaction on open lung biopsy specimen tissue.

The morbidity and mortality rates of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, including pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant patients, are well documented and yet no rapid, sensitive diagnostic tool is available. To test the polymerase chain reaction as such a diagnostic tool, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded open lung biopsy material was selected from post-bone marrow transplant patients in whom pulmonary parenchymal changes were evident but viral inclusions were not seen. As a control, other immunosuppressed (non-bone marrow transplant) patients and low-risk nonimmunosuppressed patients were studied in a similar manner. Viral culture results and clinical data were available on all the high-risk patients. Two of 15 high-risk patients were found to have amplifiable CMV DNA despite the lack of histologic viral inclusions. One of these patients had been treated recently for CMV pneumonia, and the other had a positive culture of the lung specimens for CMV 13 days after biopsy. None of 12 control patients had amplifiable CMV DNA. These data indicate that the polymerase chain reaction is more sensitive than histologic examination and at least as sensitive as viral culture without evidence of false-positive results.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

An efficient method for the extraction of DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue by sonication.

A method was developed for fast and efficient isolation of DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections for subsequent use in PCRs and DNA hybridization assays. The method relies on the use of a sonicating water bath to disrupt tissue samples to which a small amount of micro-sized glass beads have been added. The sonicating glass beads provide fast and efficient physical shearing of fixed tissue sections, allowing for quick release and solubilization of the DNA. The extraction process from paraffin section to amplifiable target DNA takes 30 minutes. The method eliminates the need for repetitive solvent extractions and exhaustive proteinase K digestion. PCR amplification of human genomic and viral target sequences was successfully carried out on DNA isolated from a number of different types of normal and infected tissues.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Adenoid cystic carcinoma. A clinicopathologic study with flow cytometric analysis.

Forty-five patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary glands were retrospectively studied to determine the prognostic use of DNA ploidy analysis compared with clinicopathologic features. Nuclear suspensions were prepared from 37 of these tumors by the Hedley technique on paraffin-embedded material. The DNA content was analyzed by flow cytometry after propidium iodide staining. Thirty-five tumors were diploid and 2 were tetraploid. Mean survival was 117 and 52 months for the diploid and tetraploid patients, respectively. The median S-phase fraction (Spf) of the 35 diploid tumors was 4.45%. Of the 17 diploid patients who died of disease, there were 11 tumors with high Spf (greater than 4.45%) and 6 tumors with a low Spf (P less than 0.05 chi-square test). The presence of more than 30% of a solid pattern in the tumor was strongly associated with poor median survival in Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis (P less than 0.05 log rank test). Grade, stage, recurrence, and metastases were also found to be important prognostic factors. Because few tumors were nondiploid, these results suggest that S-phase fraction analysis may be a more useful prognostic indicator than ploidy classification.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Relationships of bovine leukemia virus prevalence in dairy herds and density of dairy cattle to human lymphocytic leukemia.

A case-control study was conducted to examine possible relationships between human acute lymphoid leukemia and exposure to dairy cattle and drinking of raw milk. Two hundred twenty-three persons with acute lymphoid leukemia, diagnosed during the years 1969 to 1971 and 1973 to 1980 from the 87 most rural Iowa counties, were accessed from case records at the Iowa State Health Registry for participation in the present study. Each person and 2 matched controls were interviewed for history of residence, exposure to dairy cattle, and consumption of nonpasteurized dairy products. Two types of comparisons between affected persons and controls were done: the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus infection (as measured by serologic study) in dairy herds with which the affected persons and controls had either occupational contact or from which they had consumed raw milk and the density of dairy cattle in the townships where affected persons and controls lived. The bovine leukemia virus infection prevalence in dairy herds with which affected persons had contact was 20%, whereas the infection prevalence in the herds with which the controls had contact was 38%. The density of dairy cows in townships where affected persons resided was generally less than that in townships where controls resided. However, there was one exception; the density of dairy cows at 20 years before diagnosis was higher (589) in townships where affected adult female persons resided, compared with that in townships where controls resided (567).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the atria of the heart.

A rare case of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the heart is described. The large space-occupying tumor in the atrial wall and its associated significant pericardial effusion caused marked impairment of cardiovascular function. The diagnosis was made via intravenous biopsy. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated CD45 and kappa light chain expression. Other B-cell- and T-cell-specific lymphoid markers were negative. Elevated kappa light chain was detected in serum by immunofixation electrophoresis. The differential diagnosis of plasmacytoma should be considered in cardiac tumors when routine screening is negative with lymphoid (CD20, CD3) and soft tissue immunohistochemical markers.

Aged↗