Hepatitis in acquired toxoplasmosis.
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Hepatitis↗
Biomedical subjects
T C Jones
Publications and source records attributed to T C Jones.
Autonomic neuropathy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Patients with seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and age-matched controls were investigated for the presence of autonomic neuropathy. Significantly more patients with RA had abnormal autonomic function, suggesting that autonomic neuropathy occurs more commonly in RA than hitherto suspected. The existence of an autonomic neuropathy may be an important complicating factor in rheumatoid disease and may lead to increased morbidity and mortality.
Adult↗
Eosinophilia, elevated immunoglobulin E level and chronic enteritis due to intestinal helminthiasis.
Recurrent urticaria, abdominal pain, peripheral eosinophilia, hyperimmunoglobulin E and small bowel abnormalities on roentgenograms prompted evaluation of a 36 year old man for intestinal parasitism. Evidence for helminthiasis as the cause of his symptoms included changing antibody titers to helminth antigens and a dramatic response to therapy. Helminth larvae or eggs were not recovered. Diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, the most likely cause of the illness, is discussed.
Adult↗
The interaction in vitro of Pneumocystis carinii with macrophages and L-cells.
A model was developed for studying the interaction between Pneumocystis, rat-derived cells, and humoral factors. Pneumocystis were obtained in large quantity by bronchial lavage of steroid-treated rats. The trophozoite was the predominant form obtained, and it could readily be recognized by phase contrast microscopy. Organisms maintained a typical morphology for at least 3 days in culture, and 10-20% took up radiolabeled nucleotides. Pneumocystis readily adhered to cell surfaces in a similar manner in alveolar macrophages from steroid-treated or normal rats, mouse peritoneal macrophages, and L-cells. Adherent organisms were not interiorized to a significant degree in the absence of antipneumocystis serum. After addition of rabbit antipneumocystis serum, rapid interiorization of organisms occurred from the surface of macrophages but not L-cells. Organisms appeared to be promptly destroyed within macrophages after interiorization. Persisting or multiplying intracellular forms were not seen. Antipneumocystis serum did not morphologically alter Pneumocystis. These observations suggest a role for antibody and mononuclear phagocytes during the immune response to Pneumocystis.
Animals↗
Outbreak of toxoplasmosis in a family and documentation of acquired retinochoroiditis.
An outbreak of toxoplasmosis in one household is described. It demonstrates the potential for a common source infection with Toxoplasma gondii to cause multiple cases. Six of seven members of a household investigated for toxoplasmosis demonstrated high antibody titers consistent with recent infection; five of these members (83%) were symptomatic. The most common manifestations were fever and lymphadenopathy, which developed from seven to 18 days (mean 11 days) after a common source ingestion of infected meat. Since inadequately cooked lamb, pork and beef are probably the most common sources of infection in the United States, outbreaks of multiple cases may occur more frequently than is generally appreciated. As more outbreaks of febrile illnesses are examined, especially in families and closed communities, it is likely that more common source epidemics of toxoplasmosis will be recognized. Retinochoroiditis is an unusual manifestation of adult acquired toxoplasmosis. In the index case in this epidemic the patient manifested vision threatening retinochoroiditis 129 days after infection with toxoplasmosis. He represents the ninth well-documented case of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis associated with adult acquired disease.
Adolescent↗
Chromosome banding patterns and nucleolar organizing regions in three species of Callithricidae (Saguinus oedipus, Saguinus fuscicollis, and Callithrix jacchus).
Chromosome complements of three species of Callithricidae, Saguinus oedipus, Saguinus fuscicollis and Callithrix jacchus, were analyzed by various banding techniques. Morphometric data are presented. A diploid chromosome number of 2n = 46 is reconfirmed for all three species. Several interesting interspecies chromosomal variations were demonstrated by G- and C-band patterns. Active nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) were revealed by the Ag-AS silver histochemical stain.
Animals↗
Banding patterns of the chromosomes of two new karyotypes of the owl monkey, Aotus, captured in Panama.
Two new chromosome complements of Aotus trivirgatus griseimembra are described making a total of five different karyotypes observed in this subspecies inhabiting Panama and the northwestern part of Colombia, South America. Detailed comparisons of the G-banded chromosomes of these five karyotypes suggest that the polymorphism of chromosome numbers 56 and 55 in Panamanian Aotus and 54, 53, and 52 in Colombian Aotus stems primarily from a Robertsonian translocation mechanism involving pairs B13 and B14 (or A1). A second Robertsonian translocation mechanism involving pairs B28 and B29 (or A2) constitutes the karyotypic differences between the two chromosomal races.
Animals↗
Proposed knobs-into-holes packing for several membrane proteins.
We investigated the possible side chain/side chain interactions of four potential transmembrane proteins. The basic assumptions are that the proteins are alpha-helical, and that the proteins aggregate with knobs-into-holes packing. It was found that these four proteins can be assembled into stereochemically feasible bundles of alpha-helices with hydrophobic exteriors and with hydrogen bonds between the side chains of one alpha-helix and the side chains of its knobs-into-holes packed neighbors.
Bacteriophages↗
Giardiasis: association with homosexuality.
Giardiasis is a common gastrointestinal illness among travelers. Recently an increased prevalence of giardiasis in men who had not traveled outside New York City was seen at The New York Hospital and was found to be due to transmission of this disease among homosexuals. Cases of giardiasis for a 5-year period were then reviewed, and it was discovered that 19 male patients who had not traveled or had an immunodeficiency disease were homosexuals. This accounted for 22% of the adult men with giardiasis during that period. Adult women with giardiasis usually were either travelers or had an immunodeficiency disease (96%). It is important to obtain a sexual history in these patients and treat sexual contacts to prevent recurrent infection. Our findings are consistent with venereal transmission of giardiasis.
Adult↗
The effect of phosphonoacetic acid on the ultrastructure of cell cultures infected with simian oncogenic herpesviruses.
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Cell Line↗
Allograft cytotoxicity co-operation between alloimmune T cells and macrophages.
T cells from the spleens of C57BL 10 (H-2b) mice 7-12 days after immunization with P815Y (H-2d) mastocytoma cells have been shown to co-operate synergistically with an adherent component of non-immune starch induced peritoneal cells in the cytostasis of target cells. Although significant values for synergy could be obtained using the (125I) UdR incorporation assay to measure cytostasis, normal peritoneal cells were incapable of co-operating with T cells in cytolysis as measured by 51Cr release from pre-labelled target cells. Initially, the synergistic interaction was immunologically specific, but non-specific activity could be induced by challenge with specific antigen.
Animals↗
Amebiasis. An increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City.
During a five-year period at The New York Hospital, Entamoeba histolytica was identified in the stools of 20 men who had not traveled outside the New York area. All of the patients were found subsequently to homosexual. During this same period amebiasis was diagnosed in 30 men who had traveled; only two were homosexual. Of ten patients with E histolytica infection seen during the first year of this study, none were homosexual whereas eight of 11 patients in the fifth year were homosexual, suggesting a gradual increase during this period of this disease in the homosexual community.
Adult↗
Typhus fever: report of an epidemic in New York City in 1847.
An epidemic of thyphus fever in New York City in 1847 that was associated with massive immigrations from Ireland is described by review of the records of 138 cases admitted to The New York Hospital during a seven-week period. Medical understanding of epidemic diseases, of typhus, and of therapeutics is examined. Most patients (80%) acquired the disease during passage, but 20% of the cases resulted from secondary spread in New York. The illness was characterized by high fever, headache, myalgias, and loss of appetite. Complications, most commonly central nervous system dysfunction and secondary bacterial infections, occurred in 29% of the cases. The mortality rate was 11%. Therapy was directed at cleansing the bowel and diaphoresis. Bleeding was not employed. In spite of mistaken concepts about epidemic diseases, measures were employed that controlled spread of the disease.
Disease Outbreaks↗
In vitro suppression of Herpesvirus saimiri replication by phosphonoacetic acid.
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Acetates↗
Lymphocyte-macrophage interaction during control of intracellular parasitism.
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Animals↗
Allograft cytotoxicity. Two populations of effector cell detectable by cytolytic and cytostatic assays in vitro.
Using both the 51Cr-release assay to measure cytolysis and the [125I]UdR incorporation assay to detect cytostasis of target cells, two different effector populations have been identified in C57BL10 mice primed to P815Y cells. As expected, the cytolytic cells were T cells possessing a specific surface receptor. After elimination of T cells with specific antisera and complement the cytostatic effector was found to be an adherent cell which lacked an immunologically specific receptor, and exerted significant activity against the C57BL lymphoma, EL4.
Animals↗
Attachment and ingestion of mycoplasmas by mouse macrophages. I. Kinetics of the interaction and effects on phagocyte glucose metabolism.
Rates of attachment and ingestion of Mycoplasma pulmonis by mouse peritoneal macrophages and the effect of the organism on phagocyte glucose metabolism were studied in vitro. Antimycoplasma antibody, but not complement, enhances attachment of mycoplasma to macrophages. Antibody-mediated attachment is not affected by the length of time the cell is maintained in culture or its adherence to a glass surface. Adherence of mycoplasma by nonimmunologic means to cell spread on glass is significantly greater than attachment to macrophages in suspension. Mycoplasmas attached to macrophage membrane do not increase glucose metabolism via the hexose monophosphate shunt. Because of this, the rate of glucose metabolism by macrophages is an accurate quantitative correlate of the recognition and ingestion stage of phagocytosis of mycoplasmas. Antibody induces a more rapid rate of particle ingestion than does altering the mycoplasma by proteolysis. Complement does not augment the rate of ingestion induced by antimycoplasma antibody. By analogy with enzyme and absorption kinetics, it appears likely that differences observed between phagocytosis induced by antibody and that induced by trypsin are due to different rates of recognition between particles rather than different ingestion mechanisms.
Animals↗