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Biomedical subjects

T Chujo

Publications and source records attributed to T Chujo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Origin of hematopoietic progenitor cells after bone marrow transplantation: analysis by means of a Y-chromosome specific DNA probe.

To characterize hematopoietic cells in mixed hematopoietic chimeras after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), the authors examined the origin of progenies derived from hematopoietic progenitor cells of male recipients who received a marrow graft from female donors, by use of a Y-chromosome specific DNA (YDNA) probe in combination with an in vitro colony assay. Host-type hematopoietic cells were detected in cultured bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) from 4 out of 6 patients studied, who were all in complete remission. In 2 patients of the mixed chimeras, the relative amount of host-derived YDNA from BMMC increased after methylcellulose cultures for 14 days. Analysis of individual colonies derived from granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units (CFU-GM) from these mixed chimeras, including 2 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), revealed approximately 30% of total colonies were host-type, although no evidence for the existence of residual Ph1 positive cells was obtained by using polymerase chain reaction for detecting bcr-abl chimeric messenger RNA in the 2 CML patients. These findings provide direct evidence that considerable numbers of host-derived normal hematopoietic progenitors survive and persist for a long term in a certain population of marrow recipients, after BMT following supralethal radiochemotherapy.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1990

Acute effects of anticonvulsants on brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in rats.

Acute effects of various anticonvulsants on brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in rats were tested. A high dose of phenytoin abolished all BAEP waves. Carbamazepine increased all 4 wave latencies. Phenobarbital and clonazepam increased the latencies of waves IV and III. Therefore, if BAEPs are to be used as an ancillary test for brain death, the possibility of significant effects of high dosages of anticonvulsants on BAEPs must be considered.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Mycotic liver and spleen abscesses successfully treated by intraportal and intrahepatosplenic arterial administration of antimycotic drugs in two cases with acute leukemia].

Case 1. A 34-year-old male was admitted in July, 1986 with a diagnosis of AML (M2). Two courses of BHAC-DMP regimen induced complete remission in October, while marked pyrexia resistant to antibiotics remained. An ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple liver and spleen abscesses suspected of mycotic etiology. Administration of amphotericin B (AMPH-B) by intravenous injection was difficult owing to its severe side effect. Multiple abscesses increased in the size and number despite treatment with Miconazole (MCZ) and Ketoconazole. Exploratory laparotomy was performed with splenectomy, and splenic specimens were found to contain Candida organisms. Soon AMPH-B was administered through a catheter inserted into the portal vein at the same time. A side effect by AMPH-B was tolerable and his fever resolved to normal in 2 weeks after institution of this therapy, and the sizes of abscesses were markedly reduced. The patient remained in remission through 23 months, free of fungal infection. Case 2. A 23-year-old female was admitted for relapse of ALL (L2), in April, 1987. Reinduction therapy with BHAC-L-AVP achieved again in May but fever unresponsive to antibiotics occurred. Since multiple liver-spleen abscesses were showed by US and CT suspected mycotic etiology, antimycotic therapy with Miconazole and AMPH-B was performed but clinical findings were deteriorated. AMPH-B was administered through a catheter inserted into the hepatic artery for two weeks, following into the splenic artery for a week. Splenic abscesses were resolved in a week and liver abscesses were markedly reduced at three weeks after initiation of intra-arterial antifungal treatment. Through the analysis of these case studies we confirmed the usefulness of intraportal and intrahepatosplenic arterial administration of AMPH-B.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of human natural killer activity by antiserum against vitamin D-binding protein, a group-specific component (Gc).

An anti-Gc antiserum (anti-Gc) was prepared by immunizing rabbits with purified Gc, a major vitamin D-binding protein in human serum. Gc is expressed on the surfaces of a small proportion of resting T cells and almost all B cells are natural killer (NK) cells. We investigated the effects of anti-Gc on NK activity of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Both anti-Gc and purified IgG isolated from anti-Gc prominently inhibited human NK activity in vitro. Inhibition of anti-Gc was dependent on the concentration of the antiserum employed. Competition assay showed that purified Gc significantly blocked the inhibitory effect of anti-Gc. The inhibition of NK activity in the cells treated with anti-Gc was restored time-dependently by being cultured in anti-Gc free medium. Anti-Gc-treated NK cells retained their capacity to bind to target cells. These findings suggest that mGc is associated with the process of the NK cytolysis on the post-binding cytolytic phase.

Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

[Malignant melanoma in the anorectal region--a report of two cases].

Case 1. A 61-year-old male, suffering from an anorectal tumor with anal bleeding, underwent an abdominoperineal rectal amputation with an R3 lymphadenectomy. The tumor was a Stage I (H0, P0, N0, S0) malignant melanoma. Despite DAV (DTIC, ACNU, and VCR) therapy, liver metastasis was detected 1 year later and the patient died 1.5 years after the operation. Case 2. A 80-year-old female, complaining of bloody stool, was diagnosed to have an anorectal malignant melanoma. She was at Stage IV and underwent an abdominoperineal rectal amputation with an R3 lymphadenectomy. The tumor 4.5 X 2.7 X 1.2 cm in size, was diagnosed to be at Stage IV (pm, n2+). She is still alive 4 years later without having received sufficient chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of Gc protein (vitamin D binding protein) on the surfaces of normal human lymphocytes and leukemic lymphocytes.

Distribution of membrane-bound Gc protein (mGc) in normal lymphocyte subpopulations and leukemic lymphocytes was studied using a rabbit antiserum specific to Gc protein. Forty to fifty percent of the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with anti-Gc antiserum by membrane immunofluorescence, and almost all of the B cells (B1+) and NK cells (Leu 11+) were mGc-positive. Only a few resting T cells (T3+) reacted with anti-Gc, but mGc appeared in a significant number of the T cells after activation by PHA. The distribution of mGc on leukemic lymphocytes of various types nearly corresponded to that in normal lymphocyte subpopulations.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1986

Acute effects of phenytoin on brainstem auditory evoked potentials: clinical and experimental study.

In a patient with phenytoin (PHE) intoxication, the brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were lost except for wave I and wave V. The patient recovered. In rats given PHE, we found changes in amplitude, morphology, and latency of BAEP. Within 5 minutes, all waves disappeared except for wave I, and soon thereafter all waves were lost, with PHE plasma concentration between 45.8 and 52.1 micrograms/ml or above. Ninety minutes after infusion, waves gradually reappeared. Loss of BAEP cannot be used as a criterion for brain death unless PHE intoxication is ruled out.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Neuronal mechanisms of the late N-wave induced in vitro in thin sections of the olfactory cortex of rats.

Experiments were done to elucidate properties of the late N-wave which was induced in vitro in thin sections of the olfactory cortex of the rat in response to stimulation of the lateral olfactory tract. The late N-wave decreased in size at a stimulation rate of more than once every 90 sec or at temperatures higher than 27 degrees C. The late N-wave was suppressed in the presence of GABA, picrotoxin or bicuculline or in the Cl-free medium. Penicillin or pentylenetetrazol, which blocked actions of GABA on the presynaptic potential, also suppressed the late N-wave. The late N-wave first appeared at postnatal ages of 18--25 days. The late N-wave reversed in polarity when recorded from the deep layers of the sections or from the cut surface of the sections. Single cells in the deep portions of the sections discharged during the late N-wave. Cells in the superficial layers fired just before or after the late N-wave. In order to explain these observations, a neuronal model for generation of the late N-wave was presented.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition and excitation induced by glutamic acid on cerebellar interneurons.

Thin sections of guinea pig cerebellum were incubated in an artificial medium and responses of neurons in the granular layer to glutamic acid were studied. About half of these neurons were inhibited by glutamate administered electrophoretically (GI cells) and others were excited (GE cells). The GI cells were also inhibited in a medium containing glutamate. Gamma-amino butyric acid inhibited the GI as well as the GE cells. The inhibition in the GI cells induced by glutamate was not susceptible to picrotoxin or strychnine medication, and was not blocked in a CI-free medium or in a medium containing CA2+ in low concentrations and Mg2+ in high concentrations. Some GI cells showed high-amplitude spikes which were recordable at distances of tens of micrometer from the cell. These observations indicate that at least some of the GI cells were large Golgi cells and that the inhibition induced by glutamate in the GI cells was not mediated by inhibitory interneurons.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

Analysis of serum immunoglobulins in hereditary sensory radicular neuropathy.

Serum and salivary immunoglobulins were studied in 11 members of a family including 3 patients with hereditary sensory radicular neuropathy (HSRN) in 1 of whom serum immunoglobulins were measured over a period of about 6 years. It was confirmed that serum IgA and IgG levels rose as the disease progressed. Although our results do not agree, in part, with the findings of Whitaker et al. (1974) who reported an increase in IgA alone, the present study suggested that such dysimmunoglobulinaemia deserves further study. Whether dysimmunoglobulinaemia is a primary phenomenon related to the development of HSRN or simply a secondary change remains to be further explored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Sensitivity of Purkinje cell dendrites to glutamic acid.

The distribution of glutamate sensitive site was studied in vitro in thin cerebellar sections from guinea-pigs, in which Purkinje cell bodies and some of the principal dendrites were identified microscopically. Glutamate administered near the cell body induced firing. Stronger excitation, however, was produced when glutamate was administered to the molecular layer along a strip of tissue extending from the soma of the cell under study towards the pial surface of the slice. Excitation induced by glutamate slowly declined in some cells during prolonged administration. D-Glutamate was a weaker excitant than the L-isomer. These results suggest that the dendrite of the Purkinje cell is more sensitive to glutamate that the cell soma.

Animals↗