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Biomedical subjects

T Conroy

Publications and source records attributed to T Conroy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Combination of 5-FU, high dose methotrexate, epirubicin and cisplatin (FEMTX-P protocol) in non surgical or locally recurrent metastatic gastric cancers].

In this phase II study, fifty patients with unresectable locally advanced and/or metastatic gastric carcinoma were treated with methotrexate 1.5 g/m2 iv and 5-fluorouracil 1.5 g/m2 iv on day 1; leucovorin rescue 15 mg/m2 orally every 6 h for 8 doses on day 2 and 3; epirubicin 60 mg/m2 iv and cisplatin 50 mg/m2 iv on day 15, q 4 weeks. The median age of the patients was 59 years and their median performance status 1. In forty-eight patients evaluable for response, five (10.4%) of the patients achieved a complete response and seventeen (35.6%) obtained a partial response (total response rate 46%; 95% confidence interval: 32%-60%). The median duration of response was 8+ months (range: 5-25 months). The median duration of survival of all patients was 10 months (range: 1-25+ months). Toxicities > grade 2 included vomiting grade 3 (31%), leucopenia grade 4 (18%) and thrombocytopenia grade 4 (4%). Treatment postponement or dose reduction for hematologic toxicity was necessary in 54% of patients. Median survival was 10 months. In conclusion, the FEMTX-P regimen is an active treatment in advanced gastric carcinoma with acceptable toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Long term continuous combination of cisplatin and 5 fluorouracil in advanced breast neoplasms. A retrospective study of 77 patients].

Seventy-seven pre-treated patients with advanced breast cancer were administered a combination chemotherapy with cisplatin 50 mg/sqm d1, 5-fluorouracil 300 mg/sqm/d protracted continuous infusion d1-d28, allopurinol 600 mg/d po d1-d28, q29d. Overall response rate was 26%, median survival time 46 weeks, survival rate 43.3% at 1 year, 20.2% at 2 years, 10.6% at 3 years. Response rate was rather high in CNS and meningeal involvement (6/10).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Late cardiopulmonary toxicity after treatment for Hodgkin's disease.

Cardiac and pulmonary functions were evaluated in 75 patients aged 50 years or under, treated for Hodgkin's disease by mantle radiotherapy at least 3 years earlier; all received the same mantle field radiotherapy: radiotherapy alone, MOPP chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, MOPP and ABVD chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. No patient had any symptom of heart disease. Only borderline abnormalities of ECG or echocardiogram were observed in 12 patients. One of them showed a moderate aortic stenosis which was known before the treatment; apical or septum hypokinesia were present in four patients and one patient had a slightly right ventricular dilatation. Twelve (16%) chest radiographs showed moderate or severe abnormalities, but there was no significant correlation between the results of pulmonary function tests and Xenon ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy, the clinical examination and the intensity of the radiological sequelae. Twenty-nine (64%) Xenon scintigraphies showed a reduction of lung perfusion in the irradiated areas without any symptom. The resting mean pulmonary function test was significantly lower for the patients than for the control group with regard to Total Capacity and Vital Capacity. The exercise tolerance, as indicated by analysis of blood gases, was below the one expected for only two patients who were dyspneic during the low level of exercise. We did not find any significant difference between the three treatment groups. We conclude that the treatment with mantle field under good technical conditions (high energy photons, moderate doses...) can result in minimal cardiopulmonary dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Sequential high-dose methotrexate and fluorouracil combined with doxorubicin--a step ahead in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer: a trial of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Tract Cooperative Group.

In a prospective phase III multicenter trial, 213 patients with advanced measurable or nonmeasurable gastric cancer were randomized to receive methotrexate (MTX), fluorouracil (5-FU), and Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Milan, Italy) (FAMTX) or 5-FU, Adriamycin, and mitomycin (FAM). The results show a significantly superior response rate (41% v 9% [P less than .0001]), and survival (median, 42 weeks v 29 weeks [P = .004]) for FAMTX. There was a cumulative thrombocytopenia in FAM and not in FAMTX. The FAMTX protocol should be the reference treatment in future clinical trials that seek to improve the therapeutic outcome in advanced gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with hypercalcemia: complete remission 5 years after surgical excision and chemotherapy.

A 45-yr-old man who presented with hypercalcemia was found to have an abdominal mass that was a pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. Although clinical features were suggestive of primary hyperparathyroidism, his parathyroid hormone level was not elevated. The patient underwent a radical resection of the pancreatic neoplasm which was situated in the tail of the gland. After surgery, the serum calcium fell within the normal range, suggesting that the tumor was responsible for production of a parathyroid hormone-like substance. Because of malignant histologic features of the lesion, a chemotherapeutic regimen including 5-fluorouracil and streptozotocin was indicated. Five years later, the tumor has remained in total remission.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Abnormal tricuspid flow in carcinoid heart disease. A case report].

A case of the carcinoid syndrome with right heart involvement is reported. Echocardiography showed diffuse right ventricular disease with a pathological tricuspid valve. Doppler recordings of forward tricuspid blood flow showed changes suggesting abnormal right ventricular filling, the mechanisms of which are discussed.

Carcinoid Heart Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Immediate hematological toxicity during combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy of Hodgkin's disease].

The hematologic immediate toxicity during radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease was studied from a series of 72 patients with stage IIB or III who received 3 courses or more of chemotherapy before radiotherapy. The toxicity in the group of 36 of them who received total nodal irradiation (TNI) was the most important. Sixteen of the 28 TNI had irradiation interrupted, 12 of them began with inverted Y type. The blood cells count at the beginning of the treatment was crucial; only 16% of the patients had interruption of irradiation when the blood cells count was normal; on the other side, 63% had interruption when the blood cells count was abnormal (P less than 0.05). Toxicity was due to the daily destruction of the dividing bone marrow stem cells located in the irradiated area, from the first day of treatment; there was a progressive decrease in the pool of these stem cells within a late resaturation. The absence of resaturation of this pool after initial chemotherapy and after the first part of irradiation explained the immediate and durable toxicity; in the same way, inverted Y irradiation destroyed a great part of active bone marrow (40%) and the pool of remaining stem cells with high mitotic index would be located in areas irradiated subsequently. So, waiting for the absolute normalisation of blood cells count before beginning irradiation and start irradiation by mantle field (rather than inverted Y) seem to be the 2 measures able to reduce the number of interruptions of irradiation due to hematotoxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Natural history and development of bone metastasis. Apropos of 429 cases].

The records of 429 patients seen at the Centre Alexis-Vautrin in 1979 and 1980 with bony metastases were retrospectively reviewed to assess their natural history and survival. Breast was the location of primary lesion in 140 patients (32.6%), lung in 95 patients (22.1%) and prostate in 33 patients (7.7%). The primary tumor was of unknown origin in 42 cases (10.9%). The median survival from time of diagnosis was 5 months. Two and 5-year survival rates were 17.5 and 5.1% respectively. According to the nature of the primary tumor, 2 and 5-year survival periods for bony metastases were 36.4 and 7.9% in breast cancer, 33.3 and 15.2% in prostatic cancer, 4.3 and 2.1% in metastases of unknown origin, 2.1 and 0% in pulmonary carcinoma. Multivariate analysis revealed four factors to be of prognostic significance for survival: the nature of the primary tumor, the absence of local relapse, the disease-free interval and the absence of metastases in other sites. Patients with hormone-sensitive lesions or slowly-growing tumors had a better prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Pseudolinitis plastica of breast origin].

The most common type of gastric metastases secondary to carcinoma of the breast is the one showing a linitis plastica appearance. The roentgenologic aspect when performing an upper gastrointestinal examination with barium contrast is typical and allows the differential diagnosis with the primitive linitis. The linitis plastica type of metastatic breast carcinoma results from transmural infiltration of the stomach wall with initial deposit of tumor cells in the submucosal or subserosal regions. CT provide valuable information concerning the metastatic spread.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1984

[Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia and malabsorption with villous atrophy sensitive to a gluten-free diet].

The observation of a 21 year-old man with primary common variable hypogammaglobulinemia and total villous atrophy is reported. Gluten withdrawal induced considerable improvement in malabsorption and mucosal damage. However, protein-losing enteropathy, nodular lymphoid hyperplasia and immunoglobulin deficiency were persistent. To our knowledge, improvement on gluten-free diet has been reported until now in 18 previous cases. This report illustrates the links between immunodeficiency and malabsorption, which are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The spatial distribution of fixed mutations within genes coding for proteins.

We have examined the extensive amino acid sequence data now available for five protein families - the alpha crystallin A chain, myoglobin, alpha and beta hemoglobin, and the cytochromes c - with the goal of estimating the true spatial distribution of base substitutions within genes that code for proteins. In every case the commonly used Poisson density failed to even approximate the experimental pattern of base substitution. For the 87 species of beta hemoglobin examined, for example, the probability that the observed results were from a Poisson process was the minuscule 10(-44). Analogous results were obtained for the other functional families. All the data were reasonably, but not perfectly, described by the negative binomial density. In particular, most of the data were described by one of the very simple limiting forms of this density, the geometric density. The implications of this for evolutionary inference are discussed. It is evident that most estimates of total base substitutions between genes are badly in need of revision.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1981

The estimation of genetic divergence.

We have independently repeated the computer simulations on which Nei and Tateno (1978) base their criticism of REH theory and have extended the analysis to include mRNAs as well as proteins. The simulation data confirm the correctness of the REH method. The high average value of the fixation intensity mu 2 found by Nei and Tateno is due to two factors: 1) they reported only the five replications in which mu 2 was high, excluding the forty-five replications containing the more representative data; and 2) the lack of information, inherent to protein sequence data, about fixed mutations at the third nucleotide position within codons, as the values are lower when the estimate is made from the mRNAs that code for the proteins. REH values calculated from protein or nucleic acid data on the basis of the equiprobability of genetic events underestimate, not overestimate, the total fixed mutations. In REH theory the experimental data determine the estimate T2 of the time average number of codons that have been free to fix mutations during a given period of divergence. In the method of Nei and Tateno it is assumed, despite evidence to the contrary, that every amino acid position may fix a mutation. Under the latter assumption, the measure X2 of genetic divergence suggested by Nei and Tateno is not tenable: values of X2 for a alpha hemoglobin divergences are less than the minimum number of fixed substitutions known to have occurred. Within the context of REH theory, a paradox, first posed by Zuckerkandl, with respect to the high rate of covarion turnover and the nature of general function sites in proteins is resolved.

Amino Acids↗