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Biomedical subjects

T D Epperly

Publications and source records attributed to T D Epperly.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Counseling patients on proper use of condoms.

The best condoms are made of latex, are lubricated and coated with a spermicide, and have a reservoir tip. Condoms can protect against conception and sexually transmitted diseases, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. When condoms are used properly and in combination with vaginal spermicidal foam, the contraceptive failure rate is as low as 1 percent. Failure is more often due to user error than product defect. Recommendations for the proper use of condoms are presented.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

A hazardous side effect of neuroleptics: diagnosis and treatment.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially fatal disease process characterized by hyperthermia, altered mental status, muscular rigidity, and autonomic instability. This syndrome is most often seen in patients who are taking neuroleptics and other psychoactive medications. Primary care physicians are often the first providers to see patients with this syndrome and must be alert to its potential diagnosis. Treatment should be immediate and consists of discontinuing the neuroleptic medication; supporting pulmonary, cardiovascular, and renal functions, and using bromocriptine and/or dantrolene.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1990

New trends in the management of peritonsillar abscess.

Peritonsillar abscess is the most common complication of acute tonsillitis. Signs and symptoms include fever, unilateral sore throat, odynophagia and trismus. Optimal management consists of antibiotic therapy and drainage of the abscess. Controversy exists about the drainage procedure, which includes needle aspiration, incision and drainage, or acute tonsillectomy. Data indicate that outpatient needle aspiration, antibiotics and pain medication are effective treatment in 85 to 90 percent of patients with uncomplicated peritonsillar abscesses.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

The physical effects of lightning injury.

Several thousand lightning-related injuries occur each year in the United States resulting in nearly 600 deaths. Most incidents involve individual victims; group lightning strikes are rare. Ten soldiers were simultaneously injured in a group lightning strike while on training maneuvers at Fort Benning. Georgia. No deaths or loss of consciousness occurred, although two of the soldiers had amnesia for the event. All of the soldiers were hospitalized and observed for potential lightning-related complications. Ninety percent of the soldiers had first-degree skin burns, and all had focal muscular tenderness. Seventy percent had transient ST segment elevation that resolved. Fifty percent developed creatinine kinase (muscular component) elevation, but none developed myoglobinuria or acute renal failure. No patient had creatinine kinase (myocardial component) elevation. Transient hypertension and tinnitus were noted in 40% and 20%, respectively. No compartment syndromes or ocular manifestations developed. All 10 soldiers recovered uneventfully and returned to full active duty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Efficacy of routine postpartum uterine exploration and manual sponge curettage.

Many physicians feel that manual exploration and sponge curettage of the uterus should be a routine part of all vaginal deliveries. Three hundred twenty uncomplicated routine vaginal deliveries (185 with exploration and sponge curettage, 135 without) were prospectively analyzed for differences in outcome with regard to postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum infection, and the patient's perception of pain. Results revealed there to be no clinically or statistically significant difference between these two groups in postpartum bleeding, postpartum white blood cell counts, and postpartum fever during the three-day postdelivery hospitalization. All patients were followed for six weeks. Five of 185 patients (2.7 percent) in the explored group returned for postpartum bleeding complications, one requiring hospital admission. Three of 135 (2.2 percent) returned for postpartum bleeding in the unexplored group, none requiring hospital admission. No patients in either group had complications with postpartum endometritis in the follow-up period. The patient's perception of pain was significantly higher in the explored and curettaged group as opposed to the unexplored group (P less than .0002). This study reveals that routine elective postpartum manual exploration and sponge curettage of the uterus is a painful procedure that is not clinically indicated for reducing the potential risk of postpartum hemorrhage or endometritis and is unnecessary following routine vaginal delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Vacuum extraction.

Vacuum extraction rivals forceps delivery in efficacy, is less traumatic to the mother and is as safe or safer than forceps delivery for the infant. Soft plastic cup extractors minimize the technical, maternal and fetal problems of vacuum extraction and have made this method of delivery ideal for the family physician who practices obstetrics.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1986

The value of needle aspiration in the management of cellulitis.

Needle aspirations from 103 young, healthy patients (mean age 22 years) with cellulitis were prospectively analyzed to determine the percentage yield and causative organisms. A standard technique of needle aspiration was performed using a 22-gauge needle, a 10-cc syringe, and 1 cc of sterile water. Aspirations were performed at the leading edge and midpoint of the cellulitis (halfway between the leading edge and the center of the cellulitis). Fifteen of the 103 patients (14.5 percent) had positive aspirates. Nine of the 103 aspirates were positive at the leading edge (8.7 percent) and 6 of 70 were positive at the midpoint (8.6 percent), giving a total aspiration positivity of 8.7 percent (15/173). The organisms recovered were Staphylococcus aureus (53 percent). Staphylococcus epidermidis (27 percent), alpha-hemolytic streptococci (13 percent) and Streptococcus pyogenes (7 percent). The low-percentage yield and predictable organisms recovered speak against needle aspiration being a necessary procedure in a young, healthy population. Similarly, the site of aspiration does not increase yield. Empiric treatment with antibiotics aimed at staphylococcal and streptococcal organisms is appropriate.

Adolescent↗