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Biomedical subjects

T Dorval

Publications and source records attributed to T Dorval.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Interferons in the treatment of solid tumors. A general review].

A potential activity of interferons in the treatment of solid tumors has been suggested by in vitro experiments and, more recently, by phase I trials. Phase II trials have demonstrated a possible antitumoral activity in treating some solid tumors: malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, ovarian adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, superficial bladder cancer. Further trials are necessary to establish the precise role of interferons in treating solid tumors, when administered alone or in combination.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma with recombinant interferon alfa-2b.

Twenty-six patients with histologically proven metastatic malignant melanoma were included in a phase II trial of interferon alfa-2b (Intron A; Schering-Plough). Patients were given 10 X 10(6) IU/m2 of interferon alfa-2b subcutaneously three times a week until major intolerance or progression of disease. General signs of intolerance were seen in all patients; hematological toxicity with leukopenia (below 1,800/mm3) and/or thrombocytopenia (below 600/mm3) was seen in six patients and therapy was interrupted in one patient. Mild liver toxicity was seen in most patients after two weeks of treatment. These manifestations disappeared 1-2 weeks after treatment was discontinued. Twenty-four patients were evaluable for response. There were two complete responses; one skin and one lymph node going into remission for 12 and 12.5 months respectively. A partial response was observed in five cases lasting 1, 1.8, 2, 3 and 5 months respectively. These results indicate a potential role for interferon alfa-2b in treating patients with metastatic malignant melanoma, however, further trials are required to determine the optimum dose and schedule of administration and use of interferon alfa-2b in combination with cytotoxic drugs.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1987

[Metastatic breast cancer. Modality of association of chemotherapy and hormonotherapy. Results of a controlled trial].

Two hundred forty-seven patients with metastatic breast cancer entered into the controlled trial. Its aim was to define the optimal modality of association between hormonotherapy and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was given a monthly course of an association including: adriamycin: 45 mg/m2 on day 1; cyclophosphamide: 400 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, 3; 5 fluoro-uracil: 500 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, 3; methyl-prednisolone: 80 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, 3. Hormonotherapy was tamoxifen (TAM) at the daily dose of 30 mg. 82 patients in group I were given TAM alone for 4 months and then chemotherapy + TAM; 83 patients in group II were given simultaneously TAM + chemotherapy; 82 patients in group III were given chemotherapy alone for 8 months and then TAM + chemotherapy. The response rates in groups I, II and III were respectively of 59, 74 and 62%. The difference in favour of group II was marginally significant. The survival curves were significantly higher in group II and III than in group I (P = 0.04). This result appears as the consequence of the poor prognostic of the sub-group of 45% patients who did not respond to TAM. These results seem to emphasize that target cells of hormonotherapy are not target cells of chemotherapy and that this difference is persisting for long time under treatment, that others modalities of association between chemotherapy and hormonotherapy must be studied with the aim of reducing the kinetic's implication of chronic administration of TAM.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Adriamycin and chemotherapy of breast cancer. Personal experience].

The clinical results achieved for more than 10 years in patients with metastatic breast cancer have clearly demonstrated the efficacy of chemotherapy programs including Adriamycin. This therapeutic effect was confirmed when it is given in protocols of adjuvant chemotherapy. Some complementary studies have demonstrated 4 points in order to define the better modality of application of Adriamycin: the results of induction chemotherapy's protocols are not better if the treatment is given beyond 6 months, the alternative administration of 2 noncross resistant programs of chemotherapy is no more efficient than the continuous administration of a program of chemotherapy including Adriamycin, the increase of the doses of cytotoxic chemotherapy does not change the median of survival of the patients, the fractionated administration of Adriamycin is as effective as the conventional administration of the same total dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clinical phase II trial of recombinant DNA interferon (interferon alpha 2b) in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.

Twenty-four patients with histologically proven metastatic malignant melanoma were included in a Phase II trial of human DNA recombinant interferon (rDNA IFN alpha 2). They were given 10 X 10(6) IU of IFN alpha 2 subcutaneously three times a week until progression of disease or major intolerance developed. Twenty-two patients were evaluable for toxicity and response. General manifestations of intolerance were seen in all the patients. Hematologic toxicity was seen in six patients and therapy had to be interrupted in one patient. Mild liver toxicity was seen in most patients after 2 weeks of treatment. These manifestations disappeared within 2 weeks after treatment was discontinued. A partial response was seen in four cases lasting 2, 4, 4, and 5 months, respectively. There were two complete responses (one skin, one lymph node metastasis) lasting 20 and 6 weeks, respectively. These results indicate a potential role for rDNA IFN alpha 2 in treating patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. However, further trials are required to determine the optimal dose and schedule of administration and modalities of combination.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Breast cancer. Development of the concentration of hormonal receptors under cytotoxic chemotherapy].

38 patients with locally advanced breast cancer, were treated with a program of cytotoxic chemotherapy including Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, 5 Fluoro-uracile and Prednisone. The concentration of hormonal receptors (Estrogen ER and Progesterone receptor PR) in the tumor were studied before starting the chemotherapy and after one to 9 courses of chemotherapy. This therapeutic response rate was not related to the initial level of ER and PR. After chemotherapy, we observed an increase of ER level in 14 cases out of 29 (59%), of PR level in 17 out of 32 cases (53%); A therapeutic response is observed in 11 cases out of 17 when the PR concentration is increased and in 3 cases out of 15 when the PR concentration was either stable or decreased. These observations let us to suppose a selective initial activity of chemotherapy on lesser differentiated tumor cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II trial of an ambulatory treatment with 5-fluorouracil administered by continuous perfusion combined with vindesine and cyclophosphamide].

Thirty-four patients with histologically proven metastatic breast cancer, were included in this phase II trial. They were given a five day course of continuous infusion of 5 fluoro-uracile at the daily dose of 500 mg/m2 associated with vindesine 2 mg/m2 on day 2 and 5, cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 on day 2 and 5. The treatment was repeated every 15 days after haematological and biological assay. Twenty-six patients were objectively resistant to previous cytotoxic chemotherapy including adriamycin and 6 patients had recently received adjuvant therapy. A major objective response was observed in 17 cases (50%) (4 complete responses, 13 responses greater than 50%) and a response less than 50% in 7 cases. The median duration of response is over 8 months. After 8 months of median follow-up, the median of survival is not defined.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Advanced cancer of the prostate: chemotherapy].

For patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma who have become resistant to hormone therapy, chemotherapy is probably the most appropriate treatment. Several drug administration modalities and associations with hormonotherapy are analyzed. In a multiple drug (adriamycin, VM 26, 5-fluoro-uracile and cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy trial, 25 out of 31 hormone resistant patients showed objective as well as subjective responses. Survival was significantly higher in this group of patients than in patients who did not respond to this chemotherapy association.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with a combination of intensive induction chemotherapy, early consolidation, splenectomy and long-term maintenance chemotherapy.

The authors developed a therapeutic regimen in which 33 patients aged 11 to 61 years (mean +/- SE, 35.9 +/- 2.3 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were given intensive induction chemotherapy with Adriamycin (doxorubicin) (ADM), vincristine (VCR) and cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C). Twenty-nine of these patients (88%) attained a complete remission (CR) after 1, 2, or 3 courses and were then subjected to an early consolidation course of chemotherapy, identical to that for induction. After consolidation, all patients in CR received a long-term continuous maintenance therapy in which 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and methotrexate (MTX) were alternated, associated with periodic reinforcements with daunorubicin (DNR) and VCR. Twenty-five of the 29 patients who achieved a CR were splenectomized soon after the consolidation course. Histologic sections of the spleens, liver biopsy specimens, and lymph nodes, stained routinely and with the naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase (NCA) method, showed mature granulocytes and a few NCA positive mononuclear cells, but no proved leukemic infiltrates. For the 25 splenectomized patients, the probability of remaining in CR at 36 and 54 months was 75% and 66%, respectively; the probability of survival at 36 and 54 months was 85% and 75%, respectively. Age older than 40 years and evidence of extramedullary involvement at presentation appeared to carry a bad prognosis for disease-free survival.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Phase I-II study of aclacinomycin for a treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Aclacinomycin A (ACM) was administered for induction treatment to 40 previously treated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. 38 patients aged 2 to 80 years (mean +/- SE, 35.0 +/- 3.2 years) with overt AML were evaluated; of these, seventeen patients were given ACM after an unsuccessful attempt to obtain a complete remission (CR) with various regimens comprising adriamycin (ADM) or daunorubicin (DNR) and were considered resistant to these drugs. Thirteen patients received ACM at a daily dose of 10 to 30 mg/m2 IV bolus until the maximum total dose of 300 mg/m2 per course was reached or until unacceptable toxicity appeared; of these patients, 2 (15%) attained a CR. Twenty-five patients were given 10-day courses of ACM at the daily dose of 15 mg/m2 IV bolus with 10-day intervals between courses; with this regimen 11 patients (44%) attained a CR. The overall CR rate was 34%. Total doses necessary to attain a CR ranged from 150 to 600 mg/m2. CR was attained by 6 patients (35%) of the 17 who were previously resistant to ADM or DNR. The incidence and severity of the toxic effects such as mucositis, diarrhea, vomiting and infection were related to the dose of ACM administered during each course of therapy. However, in patients who received 150 mg/m2 per course the toxicity was within acceptable limits. Alopecia was not observed. Transient T-wave inversion was observed in 3 patients and atrial flutter developed in one patient. Therefore, we conclude that ACM is a new major drug in the treatment of AML.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with a protocol combining intensive induction chemotherapy, early consolidation treatment, splenectomy and long-term maintenance chemotherapy. Preliminary study].

Twenty-seven patients aged from 10 to 60 years (mean 34.4 +/- 13 years) in the first perceptible phase of acute myeloid leukemia were subjected to intensive induction chemotherapy consisting of adriamycin (ADM), vincristin (VCR) and cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C). Twenty-four patients (89%) attained complete remission (CR) after 1 to 3 cycles and were then given an early consolidation treatment with one of the previous cycles. This was followed by long-term continuous maintenance chemotherapy with 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and methotrexate (MTX) alternatively and 3-monthly reinforcement courses of donaurubicin (DNR) and VCR. Twenty of these 24 patients were splenectomized soon after the consolidation treatment. None of the spleens were enlarged, and histological sections of the spleens, liver biopsies and mesenteric lymph-nodes stained with routine dyes and by the naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase method revealed mature granulocytes but no demonstrable leukaemic cells. In the group of splenectomized patients, the probabilities of staying in complete remission at 27 and 44 months were 70 +/- 12.6% and 52 +/- 18.5% respectively, and the probabilities of remaining alive at 32 and 55 months were 79 +/- 11% and 57 +/- 19% respectively. Age over 40 and evidence of extramedullary infiltration at presentation appeared to leave little hope of disease-free survival. The rationale for the present therapeutic study is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of rectocolic and gastric adenocarcinomas with 5-fluorouracil associated with high doses of folinic acid. Results of an experimental study].

We report the results of a therapeutic trial in patients with rectocolic and gastric metastatic adenocarcinomas. This trial is based on experimental evidence that an excess of reduced intracellular folic acid increases the cytotoxicity of fluoropyrimidines. The treatment consists of 5-fluorouracile (5-FU) (370 to 400 mg/m2/24 h) and folinic acid in high doses (200 mg/m2: 24 h) given simultaneously for 5 consecutive days; the interval between courses is 21 days. Thirty patients with measurable rectocolic adenocarcinomas were evaluated. They were divided into two groups: 16 patients had had no previous chemotherapy and 14 had not responded to chemotherapy with 5-FU alone or associated with other cytostatic drugs. Response rates were 56% in the first group and 21% in the second. Five patients with measurable gastric adenocarcinomas were also evaluated; none had received previous chemotherapy. A partial response was recorded in three of these patients. Toxicity of the therapeutic regimen was acceptable. Stomatitis was the most common toxic side-effect. In patients with severe adverse side-effects recurrence was efficiently prevented by decreasing the daily dose of 5-FU to 30 mg/m2 during subsequent courses. We conclude that in the tumors studied folinic acid in high doses can improve the antitumoral effect of 5-FU and induce a response to this agent in some rectocolic tumors which were previously resistant.

Adenocarcinoma↗