Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T E Reilley.
Two patients had ampicillin-associated seizures. Although they had complex medical problems, the high serum concentrations of ampicillin at the time of seizures without their recurrence after discontinuing the antibiotic suggest that the seizures were related to the ampicillin therapy.
An in vitro model of a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit using a bubble oxygenator was developed to assess the potential of this system to extract nitroglycerin (NTG). A NTG solution (100 ng/ml) was circulated through a CPB circuit at 5 L/min for 60 min. Samples obtained for NTG analysis revealed a significant loss of drug to the circuit. By 60 min, only 18% of the initial NTG concentration was present. In a separate experiment, the bubble oxygenator was shown to be the major source of drug extraction because less than 15% of the drug concentration infused directly into the oxygenator appeared in the arterial outlet. These results indicate that patients may not receive the expected dose of NTG during CPB even if caution is taken to administer the drug through nonadsorbing iv tubing.
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Increasing renal blood flow (RBF) by the administration of low-dose dopamine is one mechanism to increase urine output in oliguric patients. This response is mediated in part by stimulation of dopaminergic receptors in the kidney, which could be attenuated by the dopamine blocker haloperidol. We evaluated this interaction by administering both drugs in clinically used doses to six anesthetized mongrel dogs. A dopamine regimen of 2.5 micrograms/kg/min significantly increased RBF along with cardiac output and stroke volume. Simultaneous administration of haloperidol 50 micrograms/kg iv did not influence the ability of low-dose dopamine to increase RBF. Although haloperidol is an antagonist of dopaminergic receptors, the increase in RBF associated with low-dose dopamine is maintained when intravenous haloperidol is concurrently administered to dogs.