Chromosomal localization of the acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH) gene to 7p14-p12 using fluorescence in situ hybridization.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T E Whitmore.
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Characterization of the human glucagon-receptor-encoding gene (GGR) should provide a greater understanding of blood glucose regulation and may reveal a genetic basis for the pathogenesis of diabetes. A cDNA encoding a complete functional human glucagon receptor (GGR) was isolated from a liver cDNA library by a combination of polymerase chain reaction and colony hybridization. The cDNA encodes a receptor protein with 80% identity to rat GGR that binds [125I]glucagon and transduces a signal leading to increases in the concentration of intracellular cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. Southern blot analysis of human DNA reveals a hybridization pattern consistent with a single GGR locus. In situ hybridization to metaphase chromosome preparations maps the GGR locus to chromosome 17q25. Analysis of the genomic sequence shows that the coding region spans over 5.5 kb and is interrupted by 12 introns.
A third member of the metallothionein (MT) gene family, designated MT-III, was cloned by virtue of its homology to a human protein that was shown previously to inhibit neuronal survival in culture and to be deficient in the brains of people with Alzheimer disease. Human and mouse MT-IIIs have two insertions relative to all other known mammalian MTs: a threonine after the fourth amino acid and a block of six amino acids near the carboxyl terminus. The genes encoding MT-III resemble all other mammalian MT genes in their small size and exon/intron organization. The MT-III genes are closely linked to the other functional MT genes on human chromosome 16 and mouse chromosome 8. Mouse MT-III gene expression appears to be restricted to brain; in addition, it fails to respond to zinc, cadmium, dexamethasone, or bacterial endotoxin in vivo, thereby distinguishing MT-III from other known MTs.
Treacher Collins syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition of bilateral craniofacial abnormalities of structures derived from the first and second branchial arches. A patient with severe manifestations of Treacher Collins syndrome and a de novo chromosomal deletion in region 4p15.32----p14 was identified. Anonymous DNA sequences of loci D4S18, D4S19, D4S20, D4S22, and D4S23 were mapped to the deleted region. DNA probes previously mapped to loci on chromosome 4p (D4S10, D4S15, D4S16, D4S26, D4S35, D4S95, D4S144, RAF1P1, QDPR, and HOX7) were not deleted in this patient. Linkage analysis between the D4S18, D4S23, and QDPR loci and Treacher Collins syndrome in eight families excluded the Treacher Collins syndrome locus from the region of the deletion.