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Biomedical subjects

T Ekstrand

Publications and source records attributed to T Ekstrand.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Towards a safe usage of lasers.

The increasing number of laser surgeons with different levels of education and training makes it important to develop good safety routines in order to minimise the risk of laser accidents. A specially educated and trained assistant, the key operator, is of great help in monitoring laser safety regulations in the operating room during surgery and supervising the function of the laser as well as executing changes in the laser power, laser mode, etc, at the surgeon's request. Provided that certain conditions, mainly concerning the concept of delegation, are taken into consideration, a cadre of key operators can be established also at small departments using lasers. From the authors' experience, the use of key operators is cost effective and beneficial to the surgeon, and that they have contributed significantly to laser safety at the department.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1979

Bell's palsy; prognostic accuracy of case history, sialometry and taste impairment.

A prognostic test in cases of Bell's palsy must be accurate and applicable early in the course of the disease. The case history is examined in 239 patients with Bell's palsy. The prognostic value of the case history, taste impairment and sialometry is investigated in a series of untreated patients who were followed up for 12 months. Sialometry is advocated as a reliable progostic indicator in the individual patient if a strong stimulant is used. None of the other examined parameters discrimates between good and poor outcome with reasonable accuracy. A follow-up time of 12 months is advocated in determining the ultimate outcome of a Bell's palsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test and white blood cell count in acute throat infections.

The clinical value of the NBT test and of leucocyte counts in the aetiological differentiation of acute throat infections was investigated. In our hands a frequency of less than 13% NBT positive neutrophils is considered as normal and a test value above 19% as "positive", i.e. indicating a bacterial infection. More than 19% or more than 1 800 NBT positive neutrophils per mm-3 blood were found in 10 of 18 patients with an infection caused by beta-haemolytic streptococci, in 1 of 2 patients with a Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and in 1 patient with both a streptococcal and mycoplasmal infection, but in none of 19 patients with a viral infection. Since 8 of 18 patients with streptococcal throat infection had normal NBT test results, the NBT test apparently is of limited value in the early recognition of these infections. A high NBT test value would however support the diagnosis. The white blood cell and neutrophil counts were of little value in the differentiation between streptococcal and viral throat infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bell's palsy-beneficial effect of treatment with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in patients with a poor prognosis.

In 111 patients with idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis (Bell's palsy) the prognosis was established during the first days of the disease, using sialometry and the stapedius reflex test in 102 patients. A poor prognosis was indicated in 36 patients. Treatment with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) was commenced within 10 days (in the majority within 5 days) of the onset of the paresis in 31 of those patients with a poor prognosis. The recovery rate in the ACTH-treated group was superior compared with the untreated control group of patients with a poor prognosis. The difference is statistically significant. Those patients with a good prognosis were not treated but merely followed up. Some factors which could influence the result of the treatment are considered.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyography (EMG) and sialometry in the prognosis of Bell's palsy. A methodological study of early investigated, untreated patients.

The degree of remaining motor unit activity at maximal voluntary contraction of the face was examined in three of the facial muscles in 43 untreated patients with Bell's palsy. All the patients were examined within 10 days of the onset of the paresis. In 40 patients the EMG activity was compared with the clinical evaluation of the paresis and in 33 patients with the results from sialometry. EMG revealed remaining motor activity in several patients who had clinically total paresis. It was concluded that EMG can be used as a prognostic indicator at an early stage in Bell's palsy. Sialometry was found to predict the final outcome of the paresis with a slightly better accuracy than EMG.

Adolescent↗