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T Furusawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Furusawa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[An attempt to construct the Sensation Seeking Scale-Abstract Expression].

The purpose of this study is to construct Sensation Seeking Scale-Abstract Expression (SSS-AE), consisting of 15 items. All items were described in relatively abstract terms. Data were collected from Japanese college students (246 males and 121 females). The total SSS-AE scores had positive correlation with the general factor of sensation seeking. This confirms the validity of the SSS-AE proposed in this study. From the factor analysis of the items, three factors were extracted: Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS), Disinhibition (Dis), and Experience Seeking (ES). But Boredom Susceptibility (BS) was not confirmed. These results were discussed in comparison with the factors reported by Zuckerman. Males showed higher ES scores than females, but females showed higher Dis scores than males.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of albumin on the solubility of cholesterol in bile.

Despite the fact that a considerable amount of albumin is present in bile, little is known about the effect of albumin on micellar solubility of cholesterol. The effect of albumin on solubility of cholesterol in various micellar bile salt solutions was studied using Millipore filtration after equilibration. In addition, partitioning of cholesterol from micellar solution was studied using a polyethylene disc method. Decrease of the solubility of cholesterol by the presence of albumin was observed only in unconjugated bile salt solution. The lowering effect of albumin on the cholesterol solubility was found to be proportional to the hydrophobicity of bile salt. In contrast, albumin had almost no effect on cholesterol solubility, either in conjugated bile salt solution or in micellar bile salt solution containing phosphatidylcholine. Addition of albumin enhanced the partitioning of cholesterol out of the micelles in sodium chenodeoxycholate solution as a result of decreased micellar solubility and increased the aqueous solubility of cholesterol in the presence of albumin. Therefore, conjugated bile salt and phosphatidylcholine exert a buffering action on the albumin-induced adverse effect on cholesterol solubility, thus stabilising bile against inadvertent precipitation of cholesterol.

Bile↗
PubMed1987

Decreased erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity after styrene exposure.

delta-Aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA-D:porphobilinogen synthase, 5-aminolevulinate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.24) activity was depressed markedly in red cells of rats exposed to 0.21 g/m3 styrene, a chemical widely used in commercial products. The depression was not restored in vitro after treatment with dithiothreitol and zinc. Consistent with this finding, radioimmunoassay of the enzyme protein demonstrated reduction in the enzyme concentration by styrene exposure. There was a good correlation between the decrease in enzyme activity and its concentration in the styrene-treated animals, suggesting that the depression of the enzyme activity was essentially due to the reduction in the enzyme content. Decrease in the enzyme content in bone marrow cells to almost the same extent as that in erythrocytes seems to indicate the decreased synthesis of ALA-D in the bone marrow. In vitro studies showed that styrene 7,8-oxide, the major intermediate of styrene metabolism, decreased the activity of purified ALA-D but that styrene, the parent compound itself, had no inhibitory effect. The activity and concentration of erythrocyte ALA-D in workers chronically exposed to styrene were also depressed significantly. These findings indicate that the styrene exposure-mediated decrease of ALA-D activity in erythrocytes was a reflection of reduction in the enzyme protein, which may have been the result of styrene 7,8-oxide action, and they suggest that a similar process may also be involved in the reduction of erythrocyte ALA-D in styrene-exposed workers.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Combination chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin in advanced urothelial cancer].

Sixteen patients with advanced evaluable urothelial cancer were treated with a chemotherapy regimen of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin (CAP). Cisplatin 50 mg/m2 and adriamycin 30 mg/m2 were given on the first day and cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m2 was given from the second to the fifth day. This course was repeated every 3 weeks. The objective response rate was 25% (4 of 16 patients), with 1 patient achieving complete remission. The survival time of responders was longer than that of nonresponders, although the difference was not significant (generalized Wilcoxon method). As side effects, nausea with vomiting (43.8%), renal dysfunction (6.3%), anemia (12.5%), leucopenia (12.5%), thrombocytopenia (25.0%), alopecia (68.8%), heart failure (6.3%) and peripheral neuropathy (6.3%) were noticed. One patient died of sepsis due to agranulocytosis and another died suddenly of heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Resistance to cefsulodin and gentamicin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in five areas of Japan between 1980 and 1983.

The activities of cefsulodin and gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens from five hospitals in different geographical areas of Japan, from 1980 to 1983, were compared in vitro. The incidence of resistant strains was higher for gentamicin. In 1982 the sensitivity to both drugs decreased from 1980 and 1981 levels, largely because of the isolation of numbers of cefsulodin-gentamicin cross-resistant bacteria from three of the five hospitals. In 1983, the incidence of resistant strains was similar to that in 1982. This linked cefsulodin-gentamicin resistance may have been selected by the use of the cephalosporins, cefmenoxime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime and latamoxef, which had been prescribed extensively in the hospitals where cross-resistance was encountered. Although cefsulodin-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa have increased since 1982, the in-vitro activity of cefsulodin in 1983 remained greater than that of these third-generation cephalosporins.

Cefsulodin↗
PubMed1984

Identification of 24,25,26,27-tetranor-23-hydroxyvitamin D3 as a product of the renal metabolism of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

By cochromatography, mass spectrometry, and chemical derivatization, we have shown that a metabolite isolated from the perfused rat kidney incubated with 24-(R),25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is indistinguishable from chemically synthesized 24,25,26,27-tetranor-23-hydroxyvitamin D3. The new metabolite is also produced from 24-oxo-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 but not from 23(S),25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Enzymes required for the synthesis of the new metabolite are absent in the vitamin D deplete animal but are induced along with the 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 24-hydroxylase by vitamin D repletion. The pathway of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 metabolism in the perfused kidney is stimulated by pre-treatment of the rat with large doses of vitamin D3, suggesting that the pathway is a degradative one.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1984

Clinical features and classification of hepatolithiasis.

A newer classification of hepatolithiasis based on the prevailing pathology was applied to 59 cases of hepatolithiasis. The results indicated once again the preponderance of stones and strictures in the left lateral segmental ducts. In addition, involvement of peripheral segmental ducts is most commonly found in the anterior inferior area of the right hepatic lobe and in the left lateral inferior area duct of the left lateral hepatic segment. Such incidence of segmental or area involvement is expected to rise because of improved techniques for imaging the hepatobiliary tree. The disease classification presently used offers several advantages. It is solely based on an exact description of the prevailing pathology and therefore is devoid of subjective bias such as that involved in designating without much factual basis whether disease is primary or secondary or is congenital or acquired. The coding used offers easier compilation of data, which can be stored in a computer for later retrieval and computation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative double-blind study of cefroxadine and cephalexin in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infection].

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and utility of cefroxadine (CXD) for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, a double blind study comparing CXD with cephalexin (CEX) was carried out. Patient received either 1,500 mg/day of CXD 3 times a day, or 2,000 mg/day of CEX 4 times a day for 5 days by oral route, and the following results were obtained. Of the 305 patients, clinical efficacies were evaluated in 220 cases (CXD 105 cases, CEX 115 cases) except that excluded or dropped out. Side effect was evaluated in 301 cases (CXD 150 cases, CEX 151 cases). There was no statistically significant difference in the back ground characteristics between the 2 groups. Overall clinical assessment by the committee according to the "Criteria for Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Antimicrobial Agents on Urinary Tract Infection" patients evaluated as better than "good" were 64 of 105 (61.0%) for CXD and 75 of 115 (65.2%) for CEX. The difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant. In effect on pyuria, patients evaluated as better than "decreased" were 58 of 105 (55.2%) for CXD and 69 of 115 (60.0%) for CEX. The difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant. In effect of bacteriuria, patients evaluated as better than "decreased" were 57 of 105 (54.3%) for CXD and 69 of 115 (60.0%) for CEX. The difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant. Analyses were stratified according to classification by the type of infection, diagnosis, degree of pyuria before treatment, and bacterial count before treatment. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 treatment groups as to any item. In evaluation by attending physician, patients evaluated as better than "good" were 81 of 140 (57.9%) for CXD, and 85 of 141 (60.3%) for CEX. Statistically significant difference was not observed between the 2 groups. In drug usefulness by attending physician, patients evaluated as better than "usefulness" were 106 of 140 (75.7%) for CXD, and 109 of 141 (77.3%) for CEX. The difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant. In evaluation of the infections with sensitive species to both CXD and CEX by the committee according to "Criteria for Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Antimicrobial Agents on Urinary Tract Infections, overall clinical efficacies were evaluated in 102 (CXD 48 cases, CEX 54 cases) which were infected with sensitive species. There was no statistically significant difference in the back ground characteristics between the 2 treatment groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Compared studies of antimicrobial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus isolated from urinary tract infections].

In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus which were isolated from patients urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in Japan, were investigated by agar dilution method from July to October in 1979. The summarized results are as follows. 1. Among oral antibacterial agents, MPC and PPA have showed potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and Klebsiella. Among parenteral antibiotics, CTM was the most active against E. coli and Klebsiella. However, ABPC-resistant E. coli and Klebsiella have appeared to occupy about 40% and 96% of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections, respectively. 2. In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against Proteus and Citrobacter showed not so potent. 3. Causative organisms in female patients with simple urinary tract infections were mainly E. coli and Klebsiella. 4. Among oral antibacterial agents, PPA have shown similar antimicrobial activities against E. coli isolated from simple and complicated urinary tract infections. ABPC and MPC have been influenced in some degree by these factors. However, parenteral antibiotics are not influenced by these factors. On the other hand, in vitro activities of antibacterial agents against Klebsiella isolated from simple and complicated urinary tract infections were similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical evaluation of the new type pivmecillinam tablet (contains 100 MG) on the treatment for female acute simple urinary tract infections (author's transl)].

Clinical studies of the new type pivmecillinam tablet (contains 100 mg) was performed on 24 patients with female acute simple urinary tract infections, receiving 300 mg 3 times daily for 7 days orally. Causative organisms in the cystitis cases were isolated singly as E. coli in 18 cases, Staph. aureus in 1 case and Staph. epidermidis in 1 case. From only 1 case with cystitis, E. coli and Staph. epidermidis were isolated mixedly. Clinical efficacy of the new type pivmecillinam tablet was evaluated as excellent in all 21 cases with female acute simple cystitis and 3 cases with female acute pyelonephritis. Side effect was not observed in the all cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Correlation of cholesterol and bilirubin solubilization in bile salt solution.

Not only cholesterol but also bilirubin were considered to be solubilized by bile salt micelles. The correlation of cholesterol and bilirubin solubilization in aqueous conjugated and unconjugated bile salts solution and the effect of calcium on their solubilization were studied in this report. Cholesterol solubilization was usually reduced to some extent with increasing amount of added bilirubin. Bilirubin solubilization was always reduced by the co-existence of solubilized cholesterol. It was found that the addition of calcium increased cholesterol solubilization in conjugated bile salts system. On the other hand, calcium reduced bilirubin solubilization due to the formation of insoluble calcium bilirubinate especially in a high pH range of unconjugated bile salts system. Cholesterol solubilization in conjugated bile salts system was relatively lower than unconjugated bile salts system with or without added calcium, however co-existing bilirubin minimized these differences. The pH-dependency of cholesterol and bilirubin solubilization was small in conjugated bile salts system. On the contrary, it was remarkably bigger in unconjugated bile salts-calcium system.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Reappraisal of cholesterol solubilization in bile salt-lecithin solution and the stability of bile.

On the basis obtained in a preceding study, cholesterol solubilization in aqueous bile salt-lecithin solution was investigated. The alteration of mixing sequence was found to yield differences not only in the rate but also in the magnitude of cholesterol solubilization. Both the rate and the magnitude were remarkably bigger in the system solubilizing cholesterol and lecithin mixture by bile salt than that solubilizing cholesterol crystal by bile salt with solubilized lecithin. A linear relation between the quantity of solubilized cholesterol and the concentration of bile salt except for lower concentration range was obtained for every bile salt-lecithin system. Values of k, the slope of the partial straight line, determined for cholate, chenodeoxycholate, deoxycholate and equimolar cholate-deoxycholate systems were 5.85 X 10(-2), 7.60 X 10(-2), 9.50 X 10(-2) and 7.17 X 10(-2), respectively. Cholesterol solubilizing power of bile salt was thus enhanced by the addition of lecithin. Since the solubilizing power could be given by the ratio of the solubilizate to the solubilizer, it was expressed graphically by the ratio of cholesterol to bile salt as ordinate and the concentration of bile salt as abscissa. The saturability of cholesterol solubilization in bile was purposefully exhibited in this graph by plotting assayed data of biliary lipid components.

Bile↗
PubMed1977

[Sustained release cephalexin (S-6436) and genitourinary tract infection (author's transl)].

1) Forty (40) patients with comparatively simply urinary tract infections were orally administered 1 g/day of sustained release cephalexin (S-6436) in two divided doses (after breakfast and dinner) for 7 approximately 14 days, and 20 patients complicated with chronic urinary tract infections or epididymitis were orally given 2 g/day of the drug in two divided doses (after breakfast and dinner) for 7 approximately 28 days. Thirty six (90%) patients of the 40 receiving 1 g/day and seventeen (85%) of the 20 with 2 g/day satisfactorily responded to the drug. 2) Disappearance of organisms was observed in 43 patients (75.4%) of the 57 with urinary tract infections on whom bacteriological examination was conducted. Three (7.0%) of the 43, however, recurred within 7 days after the treatment. In six patients (10.5%) of the 57, the organisms were replaced. 3) Side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbance, allergic reactions, abnormality of blood picture, and impairments of renal and hepatic functions were examined and no such side effects were found except uriticaria in whole body was observed in only one patient with 1 g/day, which disappeared after discontinuation of the administration of the drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Basic studies on cholesterol solubilization in bile salt solution.

Previous studies on cholesterol solubilization by bile salts have often shown inconsistencies. To obtain basic informations on this problem, cholesterol solubilization in the aqueous solution of several bile salts have been reexamined. Kinetic studies revealed that not only the rate but also the magnitude of solubilization depended on the amount of excess cholesterol and the concentration of bile salt. An appropriate proportion of added cholesterol to bile salt was evaluated as 1:5-10 (w/w), corresponding to about 200% excess amount to approximate supposed solubility. The solubilization equilibrium was rather difficult to fix and must be checked by the procedure used. A linear relation was obtained between the quantity of solubilized cholesterol and the concentration of bile salt. The slope of the straight line was designated k. As the solubilizing power could be given by the ratio of the solubilizate to the solubilizer, it was expressed numerically by k value as well as graphically by the molar ratio of cholesterol to bile salt as ordinate and the molar concentration of bile salt as abscissa in which the above relation was hyperbolic, k being as asymptote. k values obtained for cholate, chenodeoxycholate, deoxycholate and equimolar cholate-deoxycholate mixture were 3.72 X 10(-2), 6.79 X 10(-2), 8.10 X 10(-2) and 6.55 X 10(-2) respectively.

Bile Acids and Salts↗