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Biomedical subjects

T G Burnakis

Publications and source records attributed to T G Burnakis.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Transaminase elevations in patients receiving bovine or porcine heparin.

Eighty-six patients who required heparin therapy were randomly assigned to receive bovine or porcine heparin. Abnormal concentrations of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase developed during treatment in 59.3% and 26.7% of patients, respectively. Patient characteristics that significantly influenced the development of abnormal alanine transaminase concentrations were male sex and higher baseline enzyme values. Transaminase concentrations returned to normal in 80% of patients after heparin therapy was discontinued and in 20% during therapy. Analysis of transaminase concentrations in all 86 patients showed that 95% had some increase in enzymes during treatment. Mean maximal increase over baseline for all patients was 3.6 for alanine transaminase and 3.1 for aspartate transaminase (range, 1.0 to 15). Lactate dehydrogenase concentrations became abnormal in 35.7% of patients. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme determinations in 6 patients showed elevated hepatic fractions. No clinical symptoms of hepatic dysfunction were seen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Combined therapy with captopril and potassium supplementation. A potential for hyperkalemia.

Captopril (Capoten), an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is being used increasingly in the treatment of both hypertension and congestive heart failure. Many of the patients with these disease states have treatment regimens including potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements. In monitoring of five such patients, a significant increase in serum potassium level (3.88 +/- 0.41 to 4.84 +/- 0.45 mEq/L) was noted once captopril was added to their therapy. Laboratory-diagnosed hyperkalemia occurred in three of these patients. Serum potassium levels remained elevated until potassium supplementation or captopril therapy was reduced or discontinued. The combination of captopril and potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics represents a potentially important drug interaction. Patients should be closely monitored for possible hyperkalemia when using these drug combinations.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis: principles and guidelines.

Antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgical procedures is an area that is recognized as being subject to individual clinical variations. This review gives practitioners some basic principles of rational prophylaxis as defined by the medical literature. In addition, this literature is evaluated and condensed to provide clinicians with guidelines for particular procedures: obstetric, gynecologic, gastric, biliary, colonic, urologic, cardiac, thoracic, vascular, orthopedic and head and neck. Each section concludes with recommendations for the clinically most accepted prophylactic regimens. Antibiotics discussed include not only the older agents, but where good information exists, the newer cephalosporins. The suggested regimens consider efficacy, safety and cost as determinants in rational prescribing. Although research into even shorter, and perhaps more cost-effective, regimens continues, this compilation lists state-of-the-art recommendations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pelvic inflammatory disease: a review with emphasis on antimicrobial therapy.

Pelvic inflammatory disease accounts for 5%-20% of hospital admissions for gynecologic problems and is associated with health care costs of more than 1 billion dollars annually. This article reviews the epidemiology, polymicrobial etiology, and diagnosis of this disease state. Special consideration is given to in vivo and in vitro studies of antimicrobial therapy, including both established regimens and expanded-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics. The adjunctive modalities reviewed include treatment of sexual contacts, removal of intrauterine devices, use of alternative contraceptive methods associated with a reduced risk of disease, and surgery. Although understanding of pelvic inflammatory disease has increased markedly, investigation of its various aspects is both necessary and ongoing. In particular, well-designed, controlled, comparative clinical trials of new treatment regimens must be performed to verify a true advantage of these therapies.

Adolescent↗