Hospital-based case management: is it for you?
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T G Cesta.
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Case management plans have been used as a strategy for quality improvement and cost containment of healthcare. The authors discuss the methods used for evaluating the effectiveness of these plans. Variance analysis and measuring expected outcomes of care are the main themes. The authors also present one hospital approach to outcomes management that can be used by healthcare administrators to evaluate patient-care outcomes.
Case management plans are viable tools currently used to control healthcare cost and improve quality. The authors present a quality improvement-case management framework to guide nursing and hospital administrators in the development of these plans and to answer any questions they might raise while struggling through the process.
Case management, as a model for delivering health care, has a long history. Since its inception, the scope and goals of case management have changed and matured. Contemporary approaches to case management represent a dynamic, integrated, and multidisciplinary model of health care delivery. Case management incorporates interdependent and collaborative arrangements between the client and health care provider to ensure cost-effective, quality care. Because of its foundation in cost and quality control, case management is likely to be the delivery model that will play a major role in health care reform over the next decade, both in the acute care setting and in community-based, long-term care programs.
During the past several years, the continuous quality improvement (CQI) process has gradually been adapted to the healthcare setting to improve quality without increasing costs. In traditional quality assurance models, quality is measured by the number of accidents or errors occurring. No provision is made for improving the conditions under which the errors occurred. However, continuous quality improvement focuses on the processes used to achieve a goal. These processes may be clinical, financial, or operational issues. Each step in the process is analyzed; then a plan for improvement is tested and refined. The concepts of quality improvement that have been applied in the industrial setting are now being applied in the healthcare arena. Case management and CQI are linked in philosophy and process. The steps of the CQI process can be applied to managed care plans from both a clinical and financial perspective.
Cost, access, and quality are among the most pressing concerns facing the delivery of health care services in the 1990s. These issues are of particular concern for individuals with diabetes because of their high consumption level of health care resources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a managed care approach could reduce the hospital stay while creating a balance between cost and quality of care.
Case management is a patient care delivery system that is transforming health care in the 1990s. The key to its success is its primary tenet of collaboration among all disciplines. Case management enhances communication among all disciplines and coordinates patient care services. Multidisciplinary action plans have been developed as a tool for the multidisciplinary team, to guide health care practitioners toward the highest quality, cost-effective care possible. At Beth Israel Medical Center in New York City, the Multidisciplinary Care Model has proven successful on both the Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation services.
The implementation of case management plans in the maternal-child health environment is quickly escalating as the managed care industry infiltrates the country. Most institutions began their initiatives in the medical-surgical arena, where length of stay and cost reduction opportunities pose the greatest challenges but also the greatest opportunities. However, recent case management focus in pediatrics and neonatal intensive care units have demonstrated successful results.