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Biomedical subjects

T G Grace

Publications and source records attributed to T G Grace.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Prophylactic knee braces and injury to the lower extremity.

Five hundred and eighty high-school football players were studied over a period of two seasons to determine the effect of so-called prophylactic knee braces on the lower extremity. Two hundred and forty-seven athletes who wore single-hinged braces and eighty-three who wore double-hinged braces were paired for the same season of play with 250 athletes who were similar in height, weight, and playing position but who did not wear braces. The fifty-three injuries of the knee that occurred were significantly more frequent (p less than 0.001) in the group that wore single-hinged braces than in the matched, non-braced group. While there were more injuries of the knee in the participants who were double-hinged braces than in the matched controls, who did not wear braces, the increase in the number of injuries was not significant. There was also a dramatic increase (p less than 0.01) in the number of injuries of the ankle and foot in the athletes who wore braces. Our results question the efficacy of the braces that were studied and call attention to the potentially adverse effect of the braces on adjacent joints in the ipsilateral limb.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cold exposure injuries and the winter athlete.

The winter athlete is faced with the hazards of injuries from exposure to low temperatures. Physicians who treat winter sports trauma must be prepared to manage the spectrum of these injuries including hypothermia, frostbite, and the combination of both. Hypothermia is primarily a problem of mortality, which can be lowered by gentle handling, close cardiac and electrolyte monitoring, and appropriate rewarming. Frostbite, a problem of morbidity from local tissue loss, can be treated most effectively with rapid rewarming in a water bath of 40 degrees-42 degrees. Spontaneous thawing with further injury to insensitive frostbitten members and refreezing injuries give a poor prognosis. The management of hypothermia and frostbite is directed first to hypothermia to lessen mortality and second to frostbite to decrease the morbidity.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1984

Isokinetic muscle imbalance and knee-joint injuries. A prospective blind study.

One hundred and seventy-two randomly selected high-school football players underwent pre-season isokinetic muscle-testing to determine if there was any relationship between an imbalance in thigh-muscle function and the occurrence of knee injuries. Strength, power, power-endurance, and time to maximum tension were measured for the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups for both lower extremities of each athlete. The resulting values were utilized to see if a difference of 10 per cent or more between the right and left extremities or between the mean and actual hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio of the individual extremity would result in more knee injuries. No such relationship was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The management of upper extremity pit viper wounds.

In a series of 56 rattlesnake bites, there were 31 injuries involving the upper extremity and hand with a clinical complication rate of 32% that ranged from Volkmann's contracture to coagulopathies. The most frequent was tissue necrosis with functional joint stiffness and loss of sensibility. Because these patients were treated with a variety of regimens, an animal model was developed to determine the efficacy of the individual treatments. Sublethal intramuscular injections of Crotalus atrox venom were made in the extremity of New Zealand white rabbits. Tissue reaction monitored by swelling and hemorrhage was decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) with antivenin and antivenin-steroids, but no treatment modality prevented tissue necrosis. Clinical and laboratory experience indicates that one cannot rely on injectable medications to prevent tissue necrosis in pit viper envenomations and that operative treatment should be used in conjunction with other forms of therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Forearm fractures: treatment by rigid fixation with early motion.

Sixty-four adult patients with ninety-two acute diaphyseal fractures of the forearm were treated with plate-and-screw fixation. In these patients, we analyzed the effect of early active postoperative motion. Patients with open fractures and those with fractures of both bones of the forearm lost significantly more rotation of the forearm, irrespective of treatment, compared with the other groups of patients in our series. A program of early active motion without immobilization increased the range of motion of the forearm in patients with fractures of both bones. However, this was not the case in patients with single-bone (radial or ulnar) fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The management of segmental bone loss associated with forearm fractures.

Eighteen fractures of one or both bones of the forearm, including fourteen with segmental defects, were treated with an interposed corticocancellous iliac-bone graft. A plate and screws were used to fix the fracture fragments and graft. The technique allowed early motion of the extremity. Good results were achieved in all but six of the patients. The one poor result with non-union and five others with limited motion were related primarily to infection.

Adolescent↗