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Biomedical subjects

T Gołab

Publications and source records attributed to T Gołab.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Gastric emptying in hyperthyroidism.

OBJECTIVES: We undertook a prospective study to survey gastric emptying of a solid meal in patients with hyperthyroidism until euthyroidism was reached after pharmacological treatment with thiamazole. METHODS: Eleven women (aged 33.2 +/- 3.2 SE yr) with recently diagnosed hyperthyroidism participated in the study. Thyroid function parameters and gastric emptying were examined on three occasions, before treatment, during the third week of treatment, and after euthyroidism was restored. The control group was composed of 12 age-matched healthy women (aged 34.5 +/- 2.3 yr). Gastric emptying of a 390-kcal 99mTc-labeled solid meal was continuously recorded under a gamma camera over 90 min. A power-exponential model was used for analysis of the gastric emptying course. Three gastric emptying parameters were computed: t1/2, the gastric half-emptying time, S, the curve shape parameter, and K, the slope of the curve. RESULTS: Pretreatment solid phase gastric emptying of the patients was not statistically significantly different from that of the healthy control subjects: t1/2, 82.8 +/- 4.9 vs 93.5 +/- 6.0 min; S, 0.996 +/- 0.103 vs 1.032 +/- 0.064; and K, 8.42 +/- 0.47 vs 7.64 +/- 0.39 min(-1) x 10(-3). Gastric emptying during the third week of treatment did not change in comparison with pretreatment gastric emptying: t1/2, 84.3 +/- 8.2 min; S, 1.014 +/- 0.123; and K, 8.92 +/- 1.12 min(-1) x 10(-3). On the other hand, a slight increase in rate of gastric emptying was observed after the restoration of euthyroidism (t1/2, 74.6 +/- 5.8 min, and K, 9.65 +/- 0.76 min(-1) x 10(-3), p < 0.05 vs healthy control subjects for both parameters), but no significant change was observed in the shape parameter (S, 0.980 +/- 0.066). CONCLUSIONS: In women with hyperthyroidism, gastric emptying of solids does not differ significantly from that observed in age-matched healthy control subjects and remains unaffected during pharmacological treatment. After restoration of euthyroidism, a slight but statistically significant increase in the rate of gastric emptying occurs in patients as compared with healthy control subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Investigations concerning the effect of nabumetone on gastric mucosa].

The investigations were carried out in 9 patients (6 women and 3 men) with rheumatoid arthritis or degenerative joint disease. All subjects were given 1000 mg nabumetone (NA) in a single daily dose at the evening, during 21 days. Before and after the therapeutic course, endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract was carried out. On day at the begin and on the 22nd day of the NA treatment, the gastric transmucosal electric potential difference (PD) was determined, in (a) standard condition, (b) after intragastric application of 1000 mg NA, and (c) after a similar application of 1000 mg of acetylsalicylic acid (AAS). On the contrary to the effect caused by AAS (p < 0.001), NA did not result any significant change of the PD (p > 0.05), neither after a single nor after 21 day-long application (the lowest PD value before the NA therapeutic course was after a single NA dose -45.8 +/- 2.7 mV and after a single dose of AAS -40.4 +/- 2.45 mV; after the end of the NA therapy course the values were: after additional NA dose -46.7 +/- 3.5 mV and after AAS -40.5 +/- 2.7 mV) Endoscopically, any changes of the upper digestive tract mucosa which could be related to the NA therapeutic course were not detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of stomach emptying in patients with hyperthyroidism].

The study aimed at the evaluation of the kinetics of gastric emptying (GE) of a solid meal in hyperthyroid patients during a pharmacological treatment with thiamazole until the moment of euthyroid restoration. Fourteen female patients ((33.4 +/- 2.6 y, mean +/- SE) with recently diagnosed hyperthyreosis took part in the study. Twelve age matched healthy women (34.5 +/- 2.3 y) constituted a control group (C). Every patient underwent the GE examination before treatment (I). In 12 patients the GE was reexamined on the 3rd treatment week (II). After the achievement of euthyroid, which happened after 4.5 mo (median; interquartile range 2.0 to 7.3 mo), a third GE measurement was taken in 13 patients (III). The GE of a 99mTc-labelled solid meal was measured with the use of a gamma camera. Time-activity curves from the gastric region of interest were used, after subjection to appropriate corrective procedures, to calculate the mean gastric transit time (MTT 90) and the fraction of the test meal retained in the stomach after 90 min (F90). Before the treatment and on the third week of management the GE of hyperthyroidism was not statistically significantly different from that of healthy controls (MTT90:39.44 +/- 0.30 min [I] 39.31 +/- 0.64 min [II] and 40.06 +/- 0.29 [C]; F90:46.6 +/- 1.9% [I], 47.9 +/- 3.7% [II] and 50.8 +/- 2.4% [C]). The restoration of euthyreosis was accompanied by a slight but statistically significant increase in the GE -p < 0.05 in the case of F90 vs the pre-treatment situation. Also the patients' GE was found then to be slightly but statistically faster than in healthy controls (MTT90:38.72 +/- 0.39 min [III], and F90: 42.2 +/- 2.3% [III] -p < 0.05 vs [C] for both parameters). We conclude that in hyperthyreotic women the GE of solids does not differ significantly from age-matched healthy female controls and remains unchanged during a pharmacological treatment. After achievement of euthyreosis a slightly but statistically significantly faster GE is observed in the patients when compared to healthy controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of gastric emptying in patients with hypothyroidism].

The study aimed at the evaluation of the gastric emptying (GE) kinetics in hypothyroid patients before and after a substitutive treatment with L-thyroxin. Twelve female hypothyroid (aged 45.3 +/- 8.7 years, mean +/- SD) and a control group of 12 healthy women (aged 34.5 +/- 8.1 years) were examined. The GE of a 99mTc-labelled solid meal was measured with the use of a gamma camera in every patient before the treatment, and in 10 of them a repeat GE examination was performed after the restoration of euthyroid; the median duration of the treatment was 5.5 mo (range 2.5 to 12 mo). The mean gastric transit time (MTT90) and the fraction of the test meal retained in the stomach after 90 min (F90) were statistically significantly greater in untreated hypothyroid than in healthy controls (MTT90: 42.01 +/- 1.86 min patients vs 40.06 +/- 1.00 min controls, p = 0.0043; F90: 64.3 +/- 15.4% patients vs 50.8 +/- 8.2% controls, p = 0.0173). In ten patients in whom a second GE measurement was taken after the achievement of euthyroid, a slight increase of the GE was observed (MTT90:41.46 +/- 1.49 min before vs 41.04 +/- 1.81 min after the treatment, NS) which was then no longer statistically significantly different from that of the healthy controls. No relationship was found between the GE and the severity of clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism. GE remained, however, slowed in some patients despite the restoration of euthyreosis. We conclude that: (I) long-lasting hypothyreosis is accompanied by a slightly slowed GE of solids, and (II) restoration of euthyreosis does not imply a parallel improvement of the hypothyroidism-associated delay in GE.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Influence of progressive systemic sclerosis on gastric emptying].

Gastric motility was measured with an isotopic method in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Twenty-six women aged 48 +/- 10 yr with PSS were investigated. The duration of PSS prior to the study ranged from 2 to 25 yr. Control values were obtained from 12 healthy female volunteers aged 34 +/- 8 yr. Endoscopic examination was carried out in all investigated individuals to exclude abnormalities that were non-related to PSS. Measurements were done at morning, after an overnight fast. Patients and controls received a test meal of 1650 kJ containing human albumin microspheres labelled with 7.4 MBq of 99mTc. Subjects were investigated with a gamma-camera. It was shown that gastric emptying (GE) t 1/2 was delayed in the patient with PSS (289 +/- 325 min) as compared to the controls (92 +/- 19 min), p < 0.001. Delayed t 1/2 over x + 2SD of the control group was found in 69% of patients with PSS while in the control group O. The mean transit time (MTT90) was in the PSS group significantly longer than in the control group, 42.3 +/- 1.4 and 40 +/- 0.9 min respectively (p < 0.001). There was no correlation found between GE t 1/2 and the time of PSS duration (r = 0.08), its type II or III as well as the titer of Scl-70 antibodies in blood serum (r = 0.29, p > 0.1).

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Volume of the functioning gallbladder and its emptying in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to measure the gallbladder volume (GV) and its emptying after meal stimulus in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). 18 women with PSS, aged 49.8 +/- 9.5 yr, participated in the study. Control values were obtained from 30 healthy women aged 26.5 +/- 3.5 yr. The duration of PSS symptoms ranged from 2 to 25 yr. Subjects with gallstones or cholecystitis as well those receiving drugs affecting the gastroduodenal motor function were excluded from the study. GV was measured according to Dodds et all (1985) with the real-time sonographic apparatus (Sonoline SL Siemens, Germany), after an overnight fast and after a test meal. Measurements were repeated in 10 min intervals through a 40 min duration of the study. Similar volumes of fasted gallbladder were found in the PSS group and in the control group: 25.4 cm3, SEM 3.0 (PSS), vs. 20.9 cm3, SEM 1.6 (control), p > 0.05. There was not any correlation between the fasted GV and duration of the disease symptoms. The test meal evoked in both groups a similar trend of the decrease in the GV during 40 min and the increase in the ejection fraction at this time. Although the changes observed were statistically not significant (p > 0.05) there were small differences in the gallbladder ejection fraction in two patients, not exceeding 14% and 18%, and being apparently below of any individual value in the control group. CONCLUSION: the gallbladder motor function is very rarely disturbed in patients with PSS.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying and on serum insulin and gastrin concentrations after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal in humans.

In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, we examined the effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying, and on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus after a mixed solid-liquid meal in 11 healthy men. Synthetic salmon calcitonin was administered as a 415 pmol i.v. bolus injection followed by a 90-min infusion to reach an overall dose of 62.25 pmol/kg body mass. Gastric emptying of a radiolabeled meal was surveyed by means of a gamma camera. A pronounced inhibition of gastric emptying with calcitonin was observed in all subjects (median gastric half emptying time 60.3 min after placebo versus 197.6 min after calcitonin; p less than 0.001). Calcitonin did not effect the postprandial gastrin release, nor did it change significantly the serum calcium or phosphorus concentrations. A decreased postprandial insulin release by calcitonin (mean +/- SEM area under the insulin curve 2,124.6 +/- 382.0 min mU L-1 after placebo versus 640.9 +/- 124.0 min mU L-1 after calcitonin; p less than 0.002) was accompanied by a different pattern of serum glucose concentrations during the infusion of the hormone when compared to the situation with a placebo. We discuss potential mechanisms and clinical relevance of our findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying after isotope-labeled solid meal in patients with stomach ulcer].

The effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying of a radiolabelled test meal was examined in 8 male patients with active gastric ulcer. The patients ate the test meal twice, whilst during one of the examinations they were given synthetic salmon calcitonin (415 pmol i.v. bolus + continuous infusion during 90 min to reach an overall dose of 62.25 pmol.kg-1 body mass) and during the other one they received placebo--in randomized order, according to a double-blind study protocol. In every patient a pronounced delay in gastric emptying after calcitonin was observed --the emptying index, Ix: 2.33 +/- 0.22 x 10(-2) min-1 (placebo) vs 0.81 +/- 0.18 x 10(-2) min-1 (calcitonin), p less than 0.001. Calcitonin delayed and significantly lowered the postprandial gastrin release, as well as suppressed the postprandial insulin release with a secondary change in the serum glucose concentration pattern, whereas the serum calcium and phosphorus remained unaffected. The authors conclude that salmon calcitonin in a pharmacological dose elicits a strong inhibitory effect on gastric emptying in gastric ulcer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying and postprandial secretion of gastrin and insulin in patients with duodenal ulcer].

The effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying of a radiolabelled test meal was examined in 10 patients with an endoscopically confirmed duodenal bulb ulcer. According to a double-blind study protocol, the patients were given on two different days placebo or synthetic salmon calcitonin (415 pmol i.v. bolus followed by a 90-min infusion to reach an overall dose of 62.25 pmol.kg-1 body mass)--in randomized order. Calcitonin did not affect the postprandial gastrin release nor did it change significantly the serum calcium or phosphorus concentration. The abolished postprandial insulin release by calcitonin was accompanied by a different pattern of serum glucose concentration, when compared to the situation with placebo. In all patients examined calcitonin evoked a profound delay in gastric emptying--the mean gastric transit time, MTT90: 34.1 +/- 1.4 min (placebo) vs 41.0 +/- 1.1 min (calcitonin), p less than 0.001.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying and on postprandial gastrin and insulin release in patients with type I gastric ulcer.

In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, the effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying and on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium and phosphorus after a mixed solid-liquid meal was examined in six patients with type I gastric ulcer. Synthetic salmon calcitonin 415 pmol i.v. was given as a bolus followed by a 90-min infusion to reach an overall dose of 62.25 pmol.kg-1. Gastric emptying of a radiolabelled meal was measured with a gamma camera. Calcitonin suppressed gastric emptying in all patients examined. The mean gastric transit time, MTT90, increased from 38.1 +/- 0.4 min after placebo to 43.1 +/- 0.6 min after calcitonin (P less than 0.001). Calcitonin significantly blunted the postprandial gastrin release: AUC0-90 10,398 +/- 2886 ng. l-1 min (placebo) and 8238 +/- 2573 ng. l-1 min (calcitonin), P less than 0.05, and abolished the postprandial insulin release--AUC0-90 2244 +/- 230 mU.l-1 min (placebo) vs. 638 +/- 198 mU.l-1 min (calcitonin), P less than 0.01. A steady increase in the serum glucose during calcitonin infusion, reaching up to 5.6 +/- 0.31 mmol.l-1 at the end of the infusion, was observed. Calcitonin did not significantly affect serum calcium or phosphorus concentrations. The authors conclude that a delayed gastric emptying is to be expected in patients undergoing calcitonin treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of calcitonin on gallbladder volume between food intake and on its emptying after meals in humans].

The effect of increasing i.v. doses of synthetic salmon calcitonin: 0.0044, 0.0088, 0.0175, and 0.0350 i.u..kg-1 min-1 versus placebo on the fasted gallbladder volume was assessed in 7 normal subjects according to a double-blind study protocol. In addition the action of calcitonin on meal-induced gallbladder emptying was examined. Gallbladder volumes were measured by means of real-time ultrasonography. An excellent day-to-day reproducibility of the fasted gallbladder volume was reflected by a coefficient of variation amounting to 12.2%, whereas the correlation coefficient between the fasted gallbladder volumes on day 1 and 2 amounted to r = 0.98, p less than 0.001. Calcitonin evoked a dose-dependent relaxation of the fasted gallbladder. A statistically significant increase of the fasted gallbladder volume was observed with 0.0175 (23.4 +/- 5.50 cm3 placebo vs 33.9 +/- 7.74 cm3 calcitonin, p less than 0.001) and 0.0350 (21.4 +/- 4.62 cm3 placebo vs 36.1 +/- 8.42 cm3 calcitonin, p less than 0.01) i.u..kg-1 min-1 calcitonin, where as mean increase of the gallbladder volume amounted to 32.1 and 46.5%, respectively. A significant delay of the gallbladder emptying after calcitonin was reflected by a decrease of the ejection fraction: 23.2 +/- 8.33% calcitonin vs 57.8 +/- 6.94% placebo (p less than 0.02) at 20 min, and 40.5 +/- 8.76% calcitonin vs 67.2 +/- 3.75% placebo (p less than 0.02) at 30 min after the test meal. Calcitonin is concluded to increase significantly the interdigestive gallbladder volume and to delay the meal-induced gallbladder emptying in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying.

The effect on gastric emptying of synthetic salmon calcitonin administered intravenously (415 pmol bolus injection followed by infusion to reach an overall dose of 62.25 pmol.kg-1 body mass) versus placebo was examined in 13 healthy men. Gastric emptying of a radiolabeled solid meal was assessed with a gamma camera. The gastric emptying course was analyzed with the use of the power-exponential fitting. A marked delay in gastric emptying was observed in all subjects studied: the median gastric half emptying time was 60.3 min after placebo and 196.5 min after calcitonin (p less than 0.001). At the same time, analysis of the parameter S revealed that calcitonin did not elicit any consistent change in the shape of gastric emptying curves.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1988

A pharmacological dose of glucagon suppresses gastric emptying of a radiolabelled solid meal in humans.

The effect of glucagon (143 nmol i.v. bolus followed by 430 nmol infused at a constant rate over 90 min) vs placebo (normal saline) on gastric emptying was examined in a blind randomized study in eight healthy males. The gastric emptying of a radiolabelled solid meal was measured with the use of a gamma camera. Glucagon elicited a pronounced delay in gastric emptying in all subjects examined--mean gastric transit time MTT90 glucagon 44.2 +/- 0.22 min vs placebo 38.6 +/- 0.74 min, p less than 0.001.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of calcitonin on gall-bladder volume in man.

The effect of increasing intravenous doses of synthetic salmon calcitonin (0.0044, 0.0088, 0.0175, and 0.0350 iu/kg per min) versus placebo on the fasted gall-bladder volume was assessed in seven normal subjects according to a double-blind study protocol. In addition, the action of calcitonin on meal-induced gall-bladder emptying was examined. Gall-bladder volumes were measured by means of real-time ultrasonography. Calcitonin evoked a dose-dependent relaxation of the fasted gall-bladder. A statistically significant increase of the fasted gall-bladder volume was observed with 0.0175 (23.4 +/- 5.5 cm3 placebo versus 33.9 +/- 7.7 cm3 calcitonin, P less than 0.001) and 0.0350 (21.4 +/- 4.6 cm3 placebo versus 36.1 +/- 8.4 cm3 calcitonin, P less than 0.01) iu/kg per min calcitonin, whereas a mean increase of the gall-bladder volume amounted to 32.1% and 46.5%, respectively. A significant delay of the gall-bladder emptying after calcitonin was reflected by a decrease of the ejection fraction: 23.2 +/- 8.3% calcitonin versus 57.8 +/- 6.9% placebo (P less than 0.02) at 20 min, and 40.5 +/- 8.8% calcitonin versus 67.2 +/- 3.8% placebo (P less than 0.02) at 30 min after the test meal. Calcitonin is concluded to have a potent relaxing effect on the human gall-bladder.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of glucagon on gastric emptying and on postprandial gastrin and insulin release in man.

In a double-blind placebo-controlled study the effect of glucagon on gastric emptying, as well as on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal was examined in nine normal males. An i.v. bolus of 0.5 mg of crystalline glucagon was followed by 1.5 mg infused at a constant rate over 90 minutes. The gastric emptying of a radiolabelled meal was measured with the use of a gamma camera. Glucagon evoked a marked delay in gastric emptying in all patients studied--the emptying index, Ix: 2.065 +/- 0.211 min-1 after placebo vs 0.358 +/- 0.090 min-1 after glucagon, p less than 0.01. The postprandial gastrin release was suppressed during the first 60 minutes of glucagon infusion and occurrence of the postprandial increment in the serum gastrin concentration was delayed. The integrated gastrin response did not, however, significantly change: the area under the gastrin curve, AUC0-90, 8733 +/- 1502 min.ng.l-1 after placebo vs 7434 +/- 1372 min.ng.l-1 after glucagon. A promotion of insulin release by glucagon was reflected by a significant increase in the area under the insulin curve, AUC0-90: 1842 +/- 153 min.mU.l-1 after placebo vs 3388 +/- 567 min.mU.l-1 after glucagon, p less than 0.02. Moreover, a sooner and significantly higher increase of the serum glucose level was observed during glucagon infusion when compared to the placebo situation. Glucagon did not significantly change the serum calcium level, whereas the serum phosphorus concentration was markedly lowered throughout glucagon infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of somatostatin-14 on gastric emptying and on gastrin and insulin release after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal in man.

The effect of somatostatin-14 on gastric emptying, as well as on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal was examined in seven healthy men in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. An i.v. bolus injection of 61 nmol somatostatin was followed by 244 nmol infused at a constant rate over 90 minutes. Gastric emptying of a radiolabelled meal was surveyed with the use of a gamma camera. A weak delaying effect of somatostatin on gastric emptying of a solid meal did not prove to be statistically significant. Somatostatin decreased significantly the postprandial gastrin release: the area under the gastrin curve, AUC0-90, 9954 +/- 2287 ng.l-1 min (placebo) vs 5327 +/- 718 ng.l-1 min (somatostatin), p less than 0.05. At the same time suppression of the postprandial insulin release by somatostatin was observed--area under the insulin curve, AUC0-90, 1450 +/- 161 mU.l-1 min (placebo) vs 501 +/- 60 mU.l-1 min (somatostatin), p less than 0.002. The postprandial increase in serum glucose concentration was initially attenuated, and shifted towards the end of somatostatin infusion, when referred to the placebo situation. Somatostatin did not change significantly the serum calcium or phosphorus concentrations. The results obtained indicate that somatostatin's effect on gastric evacuation is less pronounced in contrast to the significant inhibitory influence of somatostatin on release of gastrointestinal hormones.

Adult↗