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T Goldschmidt

Publications and source records attributed to T Goldschmidt.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Short-term administration of selected anti-T-cell receptor V beta chain specific MoAb reduces sialadenitis in MRL/lpr mice.

Sialadenitis develops spontaneously in MRL/Mp mice bearing a lymphoproliferative gene, lpr (MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr). Based on recent observations of an oligoclonal expansion of T-cell receptor (TCR) expressing V beta chain families (V beta 4, V beta 8.1,2, V beta 10b) in salivary glands of these mice we have initiated selective antibody therapy. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) specific for T cells expressing a mixture of TCR V beta 4, V beta 8.1,2 and V beta 10b was applied to MRL/lpr mice before and after the spontaneous development of sialadenitis. The in vivo treatment with V beta 4, V beta 8.1,2 and V beta 10b MoAb did not prevent the development of sialadenitis. However, in animals with established sialadenitis, treatment with the MoAb significantly decreased the inflammation compared with the control groups. Immunohistochemical staining of cell phenotypes demonstrated a change in the ratio of CD4/CD8 in the animals with established sialadenitis. Altogether, these findings illustrate that it is possible to modulate sialadenitis and infiltrate cell phenotypes in vivo in MRL/lpr mice with specific anti-TCR V beta MoAb treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Early intervention with Portuguese mothers: a 2-year follow-up.

Results of a 2-year follow-up after an early intervention with low-middle-class primiparous Portuguese mothers are presented. On the 3rd day of their infants' lives, 40 mothers underwent a structured intervention using selected items of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. An additional 20 mothers randomized to the control group had a talk with a pediatrician about general problems of infant health care. On Day 28, the "sensory orientation" and "cuddliness" competencies of the infants in the experimental group were significantly enhanced when compared with the same competencies among the infants in the control group. In addition, dyads in the experimental group had established a more favorable pattern of interaction, particularly after short stressful situations (these situations included short separations from the mother in which a stranger was present, short separations in which no one was present, and a stillface situation). Short-term effects (the first month of life) were particularly noticeable, especially in terms of the babies' neurobehavioral development and mother-infant interaction. Long-term effects (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months), though less clear, were evident in the form of better interactive patterns among the dyads in the experimental group. This was particularly evident after the stressful situations to which they were submitted. These results are discussed in terms of both their scope and their clinical impact.

Facial Expression↗
PubMed1993

Extensive MHC variability in cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi.

Lake Malawi in East Africa harbours 500-1,000 endemic species of cichlid fishes, all presumably derived by adaptive radiation from a single founding population within the past two million years. The species of this 'flock' differ strikingly in their ecology and behaviour, moderately in their external morphology and very little in their molecular characteristics. Here we describe high sequence variability of class II major histocompatibility complex genes in a sample of species from Lake Malawi. The variability provides a set of molecular markers for studying adaptive radiation and should be useful for estimating the size of the population that founded the species flock.

Africa, Southern↗
PubMed1989

Constructional constraint and its ecomorphological implications.

This paper analyses the role of constructional morphology in explaining the limitations on the interactions between an organism and those factors in its environment which are potentially relevant to its inclusive fitness. Constructional morphology deals with the relations between functionally relevant anatomical units (apparatuses or functional components) and thereby demonstrates what quantitative and qualitative constraints there are on combining units necessary for environmental interactions. It is argued that investigations on the relations between form and environment (ecological morphology) should (1) consider three types of relations: form-form, form-function and function-environment factor, (2) include behavioral and physiological ecology and (3) not be limited to a particular stage, but include as much of ontogeny as possible.

Anatomy, Comparative↗
PubMed1987

Immunoregulation in arthritis. A review on synovial immune reactions in RA and in some experimental animal models for arthritis.

Local synovial immune reactions have during recent years been characterized both in human arthritides, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and in animal models for arthritis. Common characteristics of human RA on one hand and experimental adjuvant arthritis and collagen arthritis on the other hand, are induced expression of class II transplantation antigens on synovial cells close to the cartilage and presence of activated T lymphocytes in close proximity to these class II expressing cells. The present review aims to describe some implications of these and subsequent findings both concerning the analysis of the pathogenesis of RA and concerning some therapeutic implications derived from parallel studies on relevant features of the human RA and the respective animal models for arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Coronary artery bypass surgery--impact upon a patient's wife--a pilot study.

A pilot study of the wives of 19 coronary artery surgery patients assessed levels and predictors of affective symptoms. A substantial proportion of wives (40 to 50%) reported levels of depression (but not anxiety) severe enough to warrant treatment, and many attributed this to the effects of their husband's operation. Neither the wives' expectations of patient outcome, nor the objectively assessed surgical outcome bore any relationship to the wives' affective state. A previous psychiatric history in a wife was possibly related to her affective state, but her 'N' score (emotionality) on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was very strongly related to her state.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collagen induced arthritis: an experimental model for rheumatoid arthritis with involvement of both DTH and immune complex mediated mechanisms.

The type II collagen induced arthritis animal model (CIA) provides opportunities to study the nature of autoimmune reactions leading to arthritis and is also a useful model for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thus, in similarity with RA, the CIA when induced with autologous type II collagen, shows a chronic and progressive disease course. The susceptibility to both RA and CIA are correlated to the expression of certain MHC class II allotype genes. In both diseases autoantibodies to type II collagen and rheumatoid factors are produced. Immunohistopathology of affected joints show in both diseases a dominance of activated macrophages/fibroblasts with a significant infiltration of activated T cells. We suggest here that both RA and CIA are dependent on a synergy between delayed type hypersensitivity and immune complex mediated inflammatory mechanisms and that CIA could provide a tool for studies of immunospecific reactions leading to arthritis.

Animals↗