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T Gotwald

Publications and source records attributed to T Gotwald.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Abdominal wall hernias: cross-sectional imaging signs of incarceration determined with sonography.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine with sonography whether distinct cross-sectional imaging signs exist that may differentiate between incarcerated and nonincarcerated abdominal wall hernias. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sonographic appearance of 149 consecutive abdominal wall hernias was prospectively investigated and correlated with subsequent surgical results. Commercially available 4- to 10-MHz linear transducers and 2- to 5-MHz curved transducers were used to evaluate the hernias. RESULTS: Surgery revealed 126 nonincarcerated and 23 incarcerated hernias. The sonographic signs suggestive of incarceration that we identified included free fluid in the hernia sac, which was observed in 91% of the incarcerated hernias and in 3% of the nonincarcerated hernias; bowel wall thickening in the hernia, which was detected in 88% of the incarcerated hernias and in none of the nonincarcerated hernias; fluid in the herniated bowel loop, which was detected in 82% of the incarcerated hernias and in 3% of the nonincarcerated hernias; and dilated bowel loops in the abdomen, which occurred in 65% of the incarcerated hernias and in none of the nonincarcerated hernias. These imaging findings allowed the identification of incarceration in all 23 cases and led to a false-positive result in two of 126 nonincarcerated hernias. CONCLUSION: Cross-sectional imaging signs indicating hernial incarceration included free fluid in the hernial sac, bowel wall thickening in the hernia, fluid in the herniated bowel loop, and dilated bowel loops in the abdomen. Sonography is an appropriate cross-sectional imaging modality for detecting these signs that are helpful in diagnosing patients with atypical clinical presentations.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1996

Anatomy of the eustachian tube as demonstrated by endoluminal ultrasonography.

Using a new application of the endoluminal approach, we were able to demonstrate the sonographic anatomy of the eustachian tube in vitro and in vivo and correlate it with the plastic-embedded specimen. Five adult normocephalic cadavers, two patients, and one specimen especially prepared for embedding in plastic were examined. A specifically developed device was used to insert the ultrasound transducer employing an endo-oral approach. The investigation was performed using an intravascular ultrasound unit. In all cases the tube could be visualized in its entirety and relevant anatomic structures identified and compared with the specimen at the corresponding levels. The deeper layers, including the paratubal structures and the mucosa, could be distinguished for the first time by means of endoluminal ultrasonography. Now that endoluminal ultrasonography has revealed this anatomic information, further studies will be able to gauge the clinical efficacy of our method in cases of ventilatory, drainage, and clearance problems. The images showed no difference between the structures in vitro and in vivo, and the vivo examination was even easier than the in vitro one owing to better tissue turgor.

Adult↗