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Biomedical subjects

T H Kent

Publications and source records attributed to T H Kent.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Clinical usefulness of rectal biopsy in Crohn's disease.

Initial rectal biopsies from 349 patients judged on clinical, radiologic, or pathologic grounds to have Crohn's disease were studied, and findings were compared with a variety of clinical varibles. Biopsies from only 54 patients (15% of total) contained histologic changes characteristic of Crohn's disease, and all but one of these were previously known to have colonic involvement. Yield of diagnostic findings was directly associated with the presence of sigmoidoscopic or radiologic abnormality in the distal colon or rectum. Minor, nondiagnostic abnormalities were more common. It is concluded that routine single rectal biopsy in unselected cases of Crohn's disease has limited diagnostic value under usual conditions of practice, and that histologic abnormalities are most likely to be found in patients with known colonic, and especially sigmoid and rectal involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Liver disease complicating the management of acute leukemia during remission.

Eight adults who developed persisting liver function abnormalities during remission from acute leukemia (6 acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia and 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia) are reported. These patients constituted 20% of the adults with acute leukemia attaining remission over the time period studied. Although we were unable to be absolutely certain of the etiology of the liver dysfunction, the following findings characterize the problem: 1) onset following red blood cell and platelet transfusions in all cases; 2) minimal symptoms and signs except for transient episodes of jaundice; 3) fluctuating, but often marked, increases in liver transaminases; 4) no other consistent laboratory abnormalities; 5) liver biopsies showing varying degrees of inflammation; 6) a consistent decrease in transaminase levels following pulse chemotherapy; 7) absence of progression of abnormalities during the observation period. This group of patients did not have a worse prognosis than patients with normal liver function. We feel that it is important to recognize this entity and to not withhold antileukemic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of the difficulty, reliability and validity of complex multiple choice, multiple response and multiple true-false items.

Complex multiple choice (CMC) items, a type of multiple choice item used extensively in the health sciences, were compared with multiple response (MR) and multiple true-false (MTF) items. The results indicated MTF to be easier, more reliable and more valid than CMC items; therefore, test-makers such as the National Board of Medical Examiners who use CMC items are urged to explore alternatives item formats.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

Gastrointestinal effects of acute ferrous sulfate poisoning in rats.

Ferrous sulfate administered intragastrically to rats produced two types of intestinal lesions: corrosive injury to the stomach and upper part of the small intestine, and ileal infarcts associated with venous thrombosis in some animals given fatal doses. Iron was deposited at the interface of viable and necrotic mucosa and in blood vessels of all layers. By means of electron microscopy the iron deposits were located in the basement membrane of the vessels. Fatal doses were always associated with intestinal injury, although the time of death suggests that death was caused by absorption of iron rather than by the local injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Acute iron intoxication with intestinal infarction managed in part by small bowel resection.

This report deals with a case of acute iron intoxication in a child in which acute and chronic gastrointestinal abnormalities developed as a consequence of severe intestinal infarction and corrosion. Microscopic examination of resected small bowel revealed prominent iron deposits in areas of necrosis, in basement membranes of lymphatics, capillaries, and venules, and within platelet-fibrin thrombi. The clinical history and microscopic findings are consistent with the hypothesis of a direct action of absorbed iron on vascular walls as the pathophysiologic mechanism for the toxic effects of iron on the gastrointestinal tract. Acute and long-term management of iron intoxication is discussed in the context of the observations in this case.

Deferoxamine↗
PubMed1975

Juvenile polyposis and gastrointestinal carcinoma. A study of a kindred.

A kindred contained at least 10 members with single or multiple juvenile polyps of the stomach and large intestine. Several additional polyps had both adenomatous and juvenile features. Eleven members of the kindred have had gastrointestinal carcinoma of the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, or proximal colon. The pattern of inheritance in this kindred suggests either a single or two closely linked autosomal dominant determinants for gastrointestinal carcinoma and polyposis. Management of this kindred is complicated due to the occurrence of gastrointestinal carcinoma without polyposis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Gastric emptying and small intestinal mucosal injury in rats.

A technique was developed to produce small intestinal mucosal injury in vivo by perfusing the mid-small intestine of rats with HCl, NaOH, FeSO4, and AgNO3. Three hours following injury, gastric emptying and small intestinal transit were measured by examining the gastrointestinal distribution of a non-absorbable radioisotope which had been placed in the stomach for 1 hour. There was a strong association between the villus injury produced by various concentrations of the injurious agents and the degree of gastric retention. Necrosis of villus tips, as produced by AgNO3, was sufficient to cause marked gastric retention. Injury to the small intestinal mucosa of one parabiotic rat did not produce gastric retention in the partner. It is concluded that injury to small intestinal villi is sufficient to induce gastric retention and that the effect is most likely nerve-mediated.

Animals↗