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Biomedical subjects

T Haba

Publications and source records attributed to T Haba.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Role of Kupffer cells in the induction of tolerance after liver transplantation.

The role of Kupffer cells (KC) in the induction of tolerance caused by preoperative donor-specific blood transfusion (DST) was investigated. DA rats (RT1a) were used as donors and Lewis rats (RT1(l)) as recipients. Recipients of an orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were divided into eight groups: Group 1, only OLT was performed; Group 2, on Days 9 and 8 before OLT, gadolinium (Gd) was injected intravenously; Group 3, on Day 7 before OLT, donor blood was injected intravenously (ivDST); Group 4, DST was performed via the portal vein (ipvDST); Group 5, Gd was injected twice as described for Group 2 before ivDST; Group 6, Gd was injected as described for Group 2 before ipvDST; Group 7; ivDST was performed, and then on Days 3 and 2 before OLT, Gd was injected; Group 8, ipvDST was performed, and then Gd was injected as described for Group 7. The mean survival times (MSTs) were 11.6, 11.8, 52.7, 64.4, 27.7, 39.4, 49.4, and 64.2 days in each group. That is, injection of Gd only or injection after DST had no effects for the survival days of recipients. There was no statistically significant difference between Group 6 and Groups 3 and 4, but the MST of Group 5 was significantly shorter than those of Groups 3 and 4. Microscopic studies demonstrated marked portal and lobular infiltration and endothelialitis, as well as necrosis of the parenchyma and paucity of interlobular bile ducts in Groups 1, 2, and 5. While in Groups 3, 4, and 6 these findings were considerably mild. These results suggested that KC participated in the induction of tolerance caused by DST and that portal venous injection of donor blood diminished the effects of Gd.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Clonal analysis of nodular parathyroid hyperplasia in renal hyperparathyroidism.

Although it is well known that chronic renal failure induces parathyroid hyperplasia, the pathogenesis and development of this parathyroid lesion in this disease are poorly understood. Histopathologically, there is progression from diffuse to nodular hyperplasia, and each nodule consists of a single cell type with aggressive proliferative potential. Pathophysiologic and clinical investigations have suggested that neoplastic tumors may emerge from nodular hyperplasia. In this study the clonality of parathyroid tissue in nodular and diffuse hyperplasia in renal hyperparathyroidism was analyzed by a method based on restriction fragment length polymorphism of the X chromosome-linked phosphoglycerokinase gene and on random inactivation of the gene by methylation. DNA of peripheral lymphocytes was screened in 43 women undergoing parathyroidectomy for advanced renal hyperparathyroidism, and 10 of these patients appeared to be heterozygous. Fourteen specimens from these patients were available for clonal analysis. The analysis showed that all four specimens of diffuse hyperplasia were polyclonal, whereas all seven specimens from nodules in nodular hyperplasia and all three samples representing parathyroid tissue removed from forearm because of graft-dependent recurrence were revealed to be monoclonal. It is likely that the clonal origin of each nodule is independent. These results suggest that in renal hyperparathyroidism parathyroid glands initially grow diffusely and polyclonally, and then the cells in the nodules are later transformed monoclonally and proliferate aggressively. From the present study it can be concluded that nodular hyperplasia represents monoclonal parathyroid neoplasia, which might explain why patients with nodular hyperplasia in renal hyperparathyroidism are refractory to medical treatment, requiring parathyroidectomy. To prevent recurrences, nodular hyperplastic tissue should not be left at surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Factors affecting graft function in cadaveric renal transplantation from non-heart-beating donors using a double balloon catheter.

Experiences in 145 cadaveric kidney transplantation from non-heart-beating donors showed that not only donor age and WIT but also recipient body weight and duration of hemodialysis dependency were the determining factors affecting posttransplant kidney function analyzed with the use of a stepwise logistic regression model. This suggests that the fluid burden on the graft provides an additional insult on the recovery of the grafts from ischemic injury.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1995

Lung metastasis from parathyroid carcinoma causing recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism in a hemodialysis patient: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 46-year-old woman on hemodialysis (HD) who developed recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism induced by lung metastasis from parathyroid carcinoma. The patient had been commenced on HD for chronic renal failure about 20 years earlier and had undergone a parathyroidectomy for advanced renal hyperparathyroidism 8 years later. After the initial operation, further explorations of the neck were performed due to recurrence, despite which the hyperparathyroidism persisted and she was finally referred to our department. The appearance of multiple coinlike lesions on a chest X-ray and computed tomography led to the diagnosis of recurrent hyperparathyroidism induced by lung metastasis from parathyroid carcinoma. A pulmonary wedge resection was performed and the metastatic parathyroid nodules were removed. Of the several hypotheses about the etiology of parathyroid carcinoma in HD patients, it is most likely that the parathyroid hyperplasia induced by chronic renal failure develops into carcinoma. Even in renal hyperparathyroidism, we should bear in mind the possibility that metastatic parathyroid carcinoma is a possible source of excess parathyroid hormone secretion at recurrence.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Treating early mental health and post-traumatic symptoms of children in the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake.

In this article we report on the support facilities for child mental health after the earthquake in Kobe. We believe that the most important function is the ability to cope with the confused situation on-the-spot as there were no means of transport and facilities for medical treatment had been paralyzed. Establishing contact with people outside the stricken area is of great help immediately following a disaster. After the earthquake many children were psychologically confused and people were therefore concerned with mental health care, especially for their children. However, there were only a few cases of patients seeing their doctors in medical centers. They needed information booklets or case reports to refer to. Five months after the disaster symptoms such as acute uneasiness or terror seem to be few and severely ill patients have started to recover. There are few case reports on children who have had difficulties in adapting to educational organization such as day nurseries and elementary schools. However, recently there has been an increase in the number of bone fractures possibly due to decline in resistance. Means of dealing with child mental health are now being examined because some children are still suffering post-traumatic symptoms. In this report we analyze the rapid recognition of children's mental health problems at home, in the school and in society and examine the importance of close mother-child, family and relative relationships.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Experimental rat pancreas transplant: surgical technique and immunological considerations.

Vascularized whole pancreas transplantation in the rat was performed on the abdomen using a cuff technique for vascular anastomoses. Two different exocrine drainage procedures, either intestinal or ureter drainage, were used. In the isograft transplant models, hyperglycemia was ameliorated immediately after transplantation and all of the grafts functioned during the observation period. In the allograft transplant models without immunosuppression, graft rejection, as defined by recurrence of hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 200 mg/dl) occurred 6-9 days post-transplant. Allograft rejection could be delayed approximately 1 month after transplant with short-term use of FK506. These different models, using either intestinal or ureter exocrine drainage, are similar to dominant clinical pancreas transplantation with enteric exocrine drainage or urinary tract drainage, respectively. It is thus concluded that whole pancreas transplant with either intestinal or ureter exocrine drainage is an ideal model for physiological and immunological experimental studies in pancreas transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Regulation of gastroduodenal emptying of solids by gastropyloroduodenal contractions.

We investigated the mechanisms of regulation of gastroduodenal emptying of solid meals by gastropyloroduodenal contractions in six conscious dogs. The spatial and temporal parameters of gastropyloroduodenal contractions were correlated with the rate of gastroduodenal emptying. The rate of gastroduodenal emptying exhibited a significant positive correlation with the 1) mean frequency of corporeal and antral contractions; 2) mean frequency, amplitude, duration, and area under pyloric contractions; 3) percentage of contractions that propagated in the distal duodenum, and the mean distance of their propagation; 4) percentage of contractions that propagated within the stomach, including the pylorus; 5) percentage of contractions that propagated from the antrum or the pylorus to the proximal duodenum; and 6) ratio of the mean frequency of contractions in the antrum to that in the proximal or the distal duodenum during the entire period of gastroduodenal emptying. The major factors that exhibited a significant negative correlation with gastroduodenal emptying were the total number, amplitude, duration, and area under contractions in the whole duodenum during the entire period of gastroduodenal emptying. We conclude that the antropyloroduodenal contractions, acting as a peristaltic pump, are a major factor in the regulation of gastric emptying of solid meals. The propagating contractions in the distal duodenum promote gastric emptying by rapidly removing the chyme from this area, whereas the nonpropagated contractions in the duodenum may provide a mechanical resistance to gastric emptying.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1992

Gastric emptying after pancreatoduodenectomy with total stomach preservation and selective proximal vagotomy.

This study evaluates postoperative gastric emptying following a new method of pancreatoduodenectomy with total stomach preservation and selective proximal vagotomy performed on 10 patients with diseases affecting the head of the pancreas, 7 being malignant and 3 benign. Reconstruction was carried out using the Billroth I and Billroth II techniques in 5 patients each, respectively. Early postoperative gastric emptying was evaluated by the time before intragastric tube removal and the resumption of oral intake, as well as by barium gastric radiography, while late postoperative gastric emptying was evaluated by the acetaminophen method. No difference was seen in early postoperative gastric emptying between the two surgical techniques, the mean time which elapsed before intragastric tube removal being 4.4 days for the Billroth I and 4.5 days for the Billroth II patients, and the mean time until the resumption of oral intake being 6.8 days for the Billroth I and 7.0 days for the Billroth II patients. A significant delay in gastric emptying was seen in the Billroth II patients compared to a normal control group, 30 and 45 min after acetaminophen administration, but the difference in gastric emptying between the Billroth I and II patients was not significant. Moreover, both techniques impaired gastric emptying much less than Traverso's pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Microvascular changes of the liver preserved in UW solution. Pathological and immunohistochemical examination.

Rat livers preserved in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for 24 h were compared with those preserved in Euro-Collins (EC) solution before and after liver transplantation using an immunohistochemical method. Tissue ATP and total tissue adenine nucleotide (TAN) were measured using HPLC. The levels of TAN in the UW group or the EC group were significantly low compared with the control group (no preservation) after 24-h storage. In the EC group, the levels of tissue adenine nucleotides (TAN) decreased 1 h after reperfusion and never reached control levels. In the UW group, the levels of TAN increased a little 1 h after reperfusion and increased more 3 h after reperfusion. After 24-h preservation, the expression of factor VIII-related antigen (FRA) in endothelial cells of central veins was weak in the EC group; in the UW group, FRA was clearly detected in these cells. After reperfusion, although severe endothelial cell damage to the central veins and numerous FRA-positive substances were observed in EC group, endothelial cells of central veins retained their normal structure and FRA-positive substances were rarely noted in the UW group. In both groups, no endothelial changes were detected in portal veins. From these results, it is concluded that UW solution prevents endothelial cell damage and microcirculatory injury in zone III during the preservation period resulting in prevention of initial graft nonfunction. Also, measurement of the TAN level after reperfusion is useful to predict the function of the graft.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1991

An immunohistochemical study on the effects of cyclosporin on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of rats.

The effect of Cyclosporin (CS) on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of inbred WKA rats was immunohistochemically studied by the immunoperoxidase method. CS in olive oil was orally administered daily for seven days at the dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day. On days 1, 4 and 7 of CS administration, rats were sacrificed under ether anesthesia. By CS administration, the decrease and disappearance of Ia antigen expression were dose-dependently recognized on the epithelial cells and the overlaying cells of Peyer's patches. The reduced cellular population and Ia expression of lymphocytes of the follicle and the disappearance of the germinal center also occurred, and Ia-positive dendritic non-lymphoid cells in Peyer's patches and endothelial cells of capillaries in the lamina propria disappeared on day 7 of CS administration. In addition, a temporary increase of W3/25-positive cells and the appearance of Ia-positive intra-epithelial cells were observed on day 4. Simultaneously, interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R)-positive cells gradually decreased on day 4, and almost disappeared on day 7. From these results, it is speculated that CS suppresses not only interleukin 2 (IL-2) production as previously reported, but also the expression of Ia antigens and IL-2R. It may well suppress the immune system at the point of recognition and presentation of alloantigen, and the proliferation and differentiation of B cells.

Animals↗