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Biomedical subjects

T Haim

Publications and source records attributed to T Haim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

We determined the occurrence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) and their specificities in 77 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and compared them with 25 patients with psoriatic arthritis (Pso), 19 with drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DI-LE) and 11 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Thirty-two percent of RA patients had positive indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) stains (P or atypical ANCA). Twenty-nine per cent of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis (RAV), 48% with long-standing RA (LSRA) and 20% with early RA (Ely RA) had positive ANCAs compared with 4% of Pso patients, 47% of DI-LE patients and 45% of SLE patients. Western blotting (with polymorphonuclear cell extracts or alpha-granules) and alpha-granule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) yielded variable results and proved unhelpful for characterizing the specificities of ANCAs. ELISAs based on commercial purified lactoferrin (LF), myeloperoxidase (MPO), human elastase (HLE) and cathepsin G (CG) showed that anti-HLE antibody was the most prevalent (14%) antibody in RA, followed by anti-MPO antibody and anti-LF antibody (10% each). Statistical analysis of antibody prevalence by clinical presentation showed that LSRA patients were more likely to have anti-HLE antibody and that DI-LE patients were more likely to have anti-CG antibody compared with the other patient groups. In lupus patients serial ELISA titration of ANCAs (LF and MPO) was found to be reliable for predicting the outcome. The overall incidence of ANCAs in RA patients was 33% by IIF.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1995

Anti-vascular endothelial cell antibodies (AECA): comparison of two assay methods and clinical applications.

Vascular endothelial cells may be a target for autoantibodies (AECAs) against membrane antigens that are constitutively expressed, induced or bound to their surface. To test this hypothesis, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with two types of human endothelial cells as the substrate, i.e., human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) or the hybrid cell line EAhy-926 obtained by fusion of HUVECs with the bronchial carcinoma cell line A549. A comparative functional study of these two cell types demonstrated that EAhy-926 cells produced only small amounts of VIII von Willebrand factor and tissular factor, did not contain Weibel Palade bodies visible under the electron microscope, and expressed ICAM-1 and selectin E in levels of no more than 15% of those expressed by human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells both after stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and under basal conditions. However, the two assay methods yielded similar IgG AECA titers when used on sera from patients with rheumatoid vasculitis or antiphospholipid syndrome. These antibodies did not exhibit cytotoxicity for cord vein or EAhy-926 cells. They were not specific for endothelium, since their activity decreased by a mean of 40% after incubation of sera with the epithelial cell line A549. A cross-sectional study of 565 sera demonstrated that anti-vascular IgG and IgM AECAs reactive with EAhy-926 cells occurred mainly in patients with dermatomyositis (IgG, 58%; IgM, 22%), systemic scleroderma (IgG, 48%; IgM, 18%), primary Sjögren's syndrome (IgG, 44%; IgM, 12%) and secondary and primary systemic vasculitides (IgG, 38%; IgM, 18%) including Wegener's granulomatosis. A longitudinal study in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis showed that AECAS were predictive of disease activity.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1991

[Detection of anti-Ro(SS-A) by using immunoimprint. Comparison with double diffusion in agar. Apropos of a series of 63 primary Gougerot-Sjögren syndromes].

Among soluble anti-nuclear antigen auto-antibodies, anti-Ro(SS-A) were, for unknown reasons, difficult to detect by immunoimprint (II). The aim of this study was the development of a method of preparation of Ro(SS-A) antigen enabling greater sensitivity in the detection by II of the corresponding antibodies, then application of this method in a series of 63 cases of primary Sjögren's syndrome in order to study the clinical significance of anti-Ro(SS-A) antibodies. Ro(SS-A) antigen was prepared from human spleen and partially purified on DE-52 resin. The protein extract prepared reacted in II with reference anti-Ro(SS-A) and anti-La(SS-B) antibodies. The series of 63 cases of primary Sjögren's syndrome (57 F, 6M) included 50 of extraglandular primary Sjögren's syndrome and 13 of isolated glandular primary Sjögren's syndrome. Twenty two cases of primary Sjögren's syndrome had anti-Ro(SS-A) (35%). Twenty patients had anti-Ro(SS-A) by II (32%) and 17 by double diffusion in agar (27%) (p = NS). Among 7 discordant sera, 2 were not detected by II. The incidence of anti-Ro did not differ statistically between the extraglandular (40%) and glandular (15%) primary Sjögren's syndrome groups. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they did (n = 22) or did not (n = 41) produce anti-Ro(SS-A).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1990

[Profile of antinuclear antibodies in 14 cases of extinct systemic lupus erythematosus for more than 3 years].

In order to study the profile of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anticytoplasm in the clinical recovery period, we searched for ANA by 4 methods (indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 and Crithidia luciliae cells, double diffusion in agar against veal thymus and human spleen, immunoprint with a total extract of HeLa cells) in 14 patients with SLE extinct since more than 3 years. The population under study consisted of 12 women and 2 men, aged 43 years on average at the time of study (extremes: 28-64 years). The average lapse of time between the diagnosis of SLE and date of sampling is of 12.6 years (extremes: 3-22 years). The average remission/clinical recovery time during the study is of 8.9 years (extremes: 3-22 years). Seven patients were administered mild corticotherapy (average dose of prednisone: 4.7 mg/day). All the sera preserved ANA or anticytoplasm, distributed in the following way: presence of antinucleus: 10/14 (71.5%); average titre 40; speckled aspect: 10/10; presence of anti-DNA: 0/14; presence of anti-ECT: 2/14 (14.3%): anti-SSB 1 case, anti-RNP 1 case; positive immunoprint: 12/14 (85.7%): anti-Sm 5 cases (isolated or associated), isolated anti-SSB 2 cases; isolated anti-Ro 2 cases; various unidentified 3 cases. These results suggest that the production of ANA and anticytoplasm other than anti-DNA continues during the period of clinical extinction of SLE, underlining the rarity of a complete biological recovery and the necessity of long term clinical surveillance.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Anti-Scl-70 antibodies detected by immunoblotting in progressive systemic sclerosis: specificity and clinical correlations.

One hundred and forty five serum samples from patients with a connective tissue disease and 30 serum samples from healthy blood donors were analysed by immunoblotting. The presence of anti-Scl-70, which seems to discriminate between progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and the CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia) syndrome, was found in 31/64 (48%) patients with PSS, in 6/55 (11%) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, in 2/26 (8%) patients with mixed connective tissue disease, and in none of 30 healthy blood donors. These data resulted in a specificity of 93% for this antibody in systemic sclerosis. For patients with PSS the duration of disease was significantly shorter in those with anti-Scl-70 antibodies than in those without, whereas the presence of anti-Scl-70 did not correlate with severity of disease. An 82% prevalence of anticentromere antibodies in patients with the CREST variant compared with a 4% prevalence in patients with PSS or with overlap syndrome confirms the high diagnostic value of this autoantibody for the CREST variant of PSS.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Immunoblotting profiles in 55 systemic lupus erythematosus sera lacking precipitating antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens.

Serum samples from 55 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were selected for the absence of anti-extractable nuclear antigen antibodies after routine immunodiffusion tests. These sera were immunoblotted for anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies on a HeLa cell nuclear extract. Ten (18%) were negative and 45 (82%) produced complex patterns: 10 (18%) suggestive of anti-Sm, three (5%) anti-RNP, and 32 (58%) a combination of anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies. These data were very similar to those obtained from sera from a control group of 28 SLE sera selected for positivity of anti-Sm and anti-RNP precipitins with the immunodiffusion test. IgM isotype antibodies to the D peptide were significantly more prevalent than IgG isotype antibodies, whereas antibodies to the 68 kD polypeptide were of both IgM and IgG isotypes. Sera with an anti-Sm/RNP immunoblotting pattern stemmed from a group of patients with SLE with a higher titre of anti-dsDNA antibodies. Among clinical symptoms, the incidence of haemolytic anaemia was higher in the group of patients with the anti-Sm immunoblotting profile. Patients with an anti-RNP immunoblotting profile showed a higher incidence of cutaneous symptoms. It is concluded that immunoblotting for anti-Sm or anti-RNP antibody determination is a very sensitive diagnostic tool in patients with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies in 24 cases of dermatomyositis. Value of western blotting].

Antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies were detected, using 4 methods, in 96% of the sera (23/24) from 24 dermato- or polymyositis patients, who were followed in the Rheumatology Department. Immunofluorescent (IF) labeling of Hep-2 cell smears was more sensitive than IF staining of liver sections (72 vs 67%), and the patterns observed were in agreement 20/24 times. Gelose precipitation is even less sensitive (29%), but enables a characterization of the antigens recognized: 3 anti-RNP, 3 anti-J01, 1 anti-PMScl, 1 anti-SSB and 1 anti-Ro; the latter two specificities were associated with a sicca syndrome. Western-blotting was the most informative method because it was highly sensitive (79%) and identified the principle antigen-antibody systems: anti-U1-RNP (33%) and anti-Scl70 (33%), both associated with myositis with an overlap syndrome (p less than 0.02); anti-J01 (25%) associated with various forms of myositis; and, more rarely, anti-SSB and anti-Ro (both 4%) when a sicca syndrome was present. Finally, non-identified specificities were observed in 37% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[The principle antinuclear and anti-cytoplasmic antibodies in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Study of 42 cases].

Using indirect immunofluorescence methods on rat liver sections and HEp-2 cells, combined with immunoprecipitation in agar, we were able to detect antinuclear antibodies in 76% of sera from 42 patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis. In addition, 7% of the patients had anti-cytoplasmic antibodies without antinuclear antibodies. With immunofluorescence, the most common pattern was a nuclear fluorescence that was homogeneous on rat liver sections (11 cases) and speckled on HEp-2 smears (16 cases). The frequency of antinuclear antibodies was the same in the different categories of myositis as classified by Pearson. Precipitating antibodies were observed in 15 cases (36%). Two specific antibodies were frequently encountered: anti-Jo1 in 8 cases (19%) and anti-Pm-Scl in 5 cases (12%). Anti-Jo1 antibodies were present in both polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Seven out of the 8 patients with anti-Jo1 antibodies had pulmonary fibrosis (P less than 0.03).

Antibodies↗
PubMed1986

[Comparative profile of antinuclear antibodies in Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome with and without diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis].

Eleven patients with an isolated Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome and a diffuse interstitial fibrosis were compared with twenty patients with an isolated Gougerot-Sjögen without pulmonary involvement. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis are younger and the evolution of their dry syndrome is shorter (p less than 0.05) than in patients without fibrosis. The frequency of extra-articular clinical manifestations (except for the lung) is identical in both groups. Antinuclear antibodies are present in 100 p. cent of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Specific antibodies of soluble nuclear antigens are detected in 64 p. cent of them. This frequency is 55 p. cent in the group without pulmonary fibrosis. The specificities of these antibodies are anti-U1-RNP (3 cases), anti-SS-B (La) (3 cases), anti-SS-A (Ro) (2 cases), non identified (1 case). There was no serum containing antibodies Jo1 or anti-Sm. This immunological profile is identical to the profile found in isolated Gougerot-Sjögren syndromes without pulmonary fibrosis. The search for specific antibodies of soluble nuclear antigens permits to differentiate pulmonary fibrosis secondary to an isolated Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome, from primary diffuse interstitial fibrosis and fibrosis associated to a polymyositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Retinal function in high refractive error assessed electroretinographically.

The retinal function of patients with high refractive error was studied electroretinographically. Thirty-one hypermetropic patients, 7 myopic patients, and 7 patients with either unilateral or bilateral aphakia participated in the study. The ERG responses were measured in the light- and dark-adapted states. It was found that myopic eyes were characterised by subnormal amplitude but normal pattern, expressed by normal relationship between the b-wave amplitude and the a-wave amplitude. In aphakia the ERG responses were of normal amplitude and pattern. However, the hypermetropic patients could be divided into 3 groups. One group included subjects with a subnormal b-wave to a-wave relationship. The second group was characterised by a normal b- to a-wave relationship, while patients belonging to the third group exhibited supernormal b-wave to a-wave relationship. This classification of hypermetropic subjects did not correlate with the axial length of the eye or the refraction of the ocular media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Pseudoexfoliation: epidemiology, clinical and scanning electron microscopic study.

The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation among patients of Sephardic origin was more than twice the expected when compared with the ethnic distribution of the population consulting the Rambam Medical Center eye clinic. A strong association between brown irises and pseudoexfoliation was noted. No uniform scanning electron microscope pattern was seen of the pseudoexfoliation.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Night vision in a case of vitamin A deficiency due to malabsorption.

Night vision was tested electroretinographically and psychophysically in a vitamin A deficient patient before and after therapy. Vitamin A deficiency resulted from malabsorption due to a jeujunoileal bypass operation. Before therapy the patient had severely reduced cone and rod function. After the reversal operation, accompanied by 5 injections of a total of 500,000 units of vitamin A, complete recovery of cone and rod functions was observed within 7 months. Shortly after therapy rod sensitivity reached the normal level, while the time course of rod adaptation remained slower than normal and the dark-adapted electroretinographic (ERG) responses were subnormal. At later stages the ERG responses reached normal amplitudes but rod adaptation stayed slow. Only after 7 months did night vision reach the normal level with regard to the time course of rod adaptation, rod sensitivity, and ERG responses.

Dark Adaptation↗
PubMed1983

[Significance of anti-centromere antibodies. Clinical value].

The authors report 38 cases of patients with antinuclear antibodies directed against the centromere of the chromosomes. These were 32 cases of scleroderma, 2 cases of Raynaud's syndrome, 2 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 1 case of polymyositis and 1 case of disseminated lupus erythematosus. In the cases of scleroderma, anti-centromere antibodies were detected in 54 p. cent of cases of Crest syndrome, for which they are a good laboratory marker; they were found more rarely in case of sclerodactyly (26 p. cent of cases) and acrosclerosis (14 p. cent of cases) and not at all in cases of localized scleroderma, diffuse scleroderma or eosinophilic fasciitis. Anti-centromere antibodies may be the only antinuclear antibodies in these patients. They can be detected using rapidly dividing cell cultures.

Adult↗